ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 32/WG 2 N 1106
Date: 2008-05-22
ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 32/WG 2
Secretariat: ANSI
Information technology — Metamodel framework for interoperability
(MFI) — Part 3 Second edition: Metamodel for ontology registration
Technology de l'information — Cadre du métamodèle pour l'interopérabilité (MFI) — Partie 3 Second edition:
Métamodèle pour l'enregistrement ontologique
Warning
This document is not an ISO International Standard. It is distributed for review and comment. It is subject to
change without notice and may not be referred to as an International Standard.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of
which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Document type: International Standard
Document subtype:
Document stage: (20) Preparatory
Document language: E
D:\116102474.doc STD Version 2.1c2
ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
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© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
Contents
Page
Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................ vi
Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................... vii
1
Scope ...................................................................................................................................................... 1
2
2.1
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.2.3
2.3
2.3.1
2.3.2
2.3.3
2.4
Conformance ......................................................................................................................................... 2
General ................................................................................................................................................... 2
Levels of Conformance ......................................................................................................................... 2
General ................................................................................................................................................... 2
Conformance Level 1 ............................................................................................................................ 2
Conformance Level 2 ............................................................................................................................ 2
Degree of conformance ........................................................................................................................ 2
General ................................................................................................................................................... 2
Strictly conforming implementation .................................................................................................... 2
Conforming implementation................................................................................................................. 2
Implementation Conformance Statement (ICS) .................................................................................. 3
3
Normative references ............................................................................................................................ 3
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms .......................................................................................... 3
Terms and definitions ........................................................................................................................... 3
Broad terms ........................................................................................................................................... 3
Abbreviated terms ................................................................................................................................. 4
5
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.4.1
5.4.2
5.4.3
5.4.4
5.4.5
5.4.6
5.4.7
5.4.8
5.4.9
5.4.10
5.4.11
5.4.12
5.4.13
5.4.14
5.4.15
5.4.16
5.4.17
5.5
5.5.1
5.5.2
5.5.3
5.5.4
Structure of MFI Ontology registration ............................................................................................... 4
Overview of MFI Ontology registration ............................................................................................... 4
Overview of Basic_Model package ...................................................................................................... 5
Overview of Evolution_Information_Model package ......................................................................... 7
Basic_Model package ........................................................................................................................... 8
Authoritative_Extent ............................................................................................................................. 8
Authoritative_Item ................................................................................................................................. 8
Ontology_Language .............................................................................................................................. 8
Ontology_Whole .................................................................................................................................... 9
Registered_Ontology_Whole ............................................................................................................... 9
Unregistered_Ontology_Whole .......................................................................................................... 10
Reference_Ontology_Whole............................................................................................................... 10
Local_Ontology_Whole ....................................................................................................................... 10
Ontology_Component ......................................................................................................................... 10
Registered_Ontology_Component .................................................................................................... 11
Reference_Ontology_Component ..................................................................................................... 11
Local_Ontology_Component ............................................................................................................. 12
Ontology_Atomic_Construct.............................................................................................................. 12
Registered_Ontology_Atomic_Construct ......................................................................................... 13
Unregistered_Ontology_Atomic_Construct ..................................................................................... 13
Reference_Ontology_Atomic_Construct .......................................................................................... 14
Local_Ontology_Atomic_Construct .................................................................................................. 14
Evolution_Information_Model package ............................................................................................ 14
Evolution_Information ........................................................................................................................ 14
Ontology_Whole_Evolution_Information .......................................................................................... 15
Ontology_Component_Evolution_Information ................................................................................ 15
Ontology_Atomic_Construct_Evolution_Information ..................................................................... 16
Annex A (informative) Example of Basic_Model............................................................................................ 17
A.1
Example of a reference ontology ....................................................................................................... 17
A.2
Example of another reference ontology............................................................................................ 19
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
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ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
A.3
A.4
Example of a local ontology .............................................................................................................. 21
Example of another local ontology ................................................................................................... 23
Annex B (informative) Example of Evolution_Information_Model .............................................................. 25
B.1
Example of evolution .......................................................................................................................... 25
B.2
Example of evolution information ..................................................................................................... 27
Annex C (informative) List of Ontology_Languages .................................................................................... 28
Bibliography ..................................................................................................................................................... 29
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© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
Figures
Figure 1 — Scope of MFI Ontology registration ................................................................................................... 1
Figure 2 — Package structure of MFI Ontology registration ................................................................................ 5
Figure 3 — Metamodel in Basic_Model package ................................................................................................. 5
Figure 4 — Metamodel in Evolution_Information_Model package ....................................................................... 7
Figure A.1 — Three examples of the sentences in RO1 ....................................................................................17
Figure A.2 — Registration of RO1 ......................................................................................................................18
Figure A.3 — Two examples of the sentences in RO2 ......................................................................................19
Figure A.4 — Registration of RO2 ......................................................................................................................20
Figure A.5 — Three examples of the sentences in LO1 ....................................................................................21
Figure A.6 — Registration of LO1 ......................................................................................................................22
Figure A.7 — An example of the sentences in LO2 ...........................................................................................23
Figure A.8 — Registration of LO2 ......................................................................................................................23
Figure B.1 — Three examples of the sentences in LO3 ....................................................................................25
Figure B.2 — Registration of LO3 ......................................................................................................................26
Figure B.3 — Registration of evolution information from LO1 to LO3 ................................................................27
Tables
Table C.1 — List of Ontology_Language ...........................................................................................................28
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
v
ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of
ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees
established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC
technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information
technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as
an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/IEC 19763-3 Second edition was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information
Technology, Subcommittee SC 32, Data management and Interchange.
This second cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC 19763-3:2007), which has been technically
revised.
ISO/IEC 19763 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology — Metamodel
framework for interoperability (MFI):

Part 1: Reference model

Part 2: Core model

Part 3: Metamodel for ontology registration

Part 4: Metamodel for model mapping
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© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
Introduction
Due to the spread of e-Business and e-Commerce over the Internet, the effective interchange of business
transactions or other related information across countries and cultures is an important concern for people in
both the IT industry and other non-IT industries.
To follow the current trends, industrial consortia have engaged in the standardization of domain-specific
business objects including business process models and software components using common modeling
facilities and interchange facilities such as UML and XML. They are very active in standardizing domainspecific business process models and standard modeling constructs such as data elements, entity profiles,
and value domains.
Moreover, interoperation among autonomous web based applications, such as Web services, is becoming
important. For that purpose, ontology is a key issue. Ontology is a description of a universe of discourse. A
lexicon, a taxonomy, a thesaurus, and a familiar conceptual model such as a business process model in UML
are all examples of ontology. In addition ontology includes a more complex axiomatic theory.
Several efforts to establish standards associated with ontology are underway. For example, OMG will publish
a specification called ODM, defining the metamodels of ontologies described in several languages and the
mappings among them. In addition, to promote ontology-based interoperation, a generic framework for
registering administrative information related to ontologies is necessary.
This part of ISO/IEC 19763 intends to provide a generic framework for registering administrative and evolution
information related to ontologies.
NOTE
UML and OMG are the trademarks of the Object Management Group.
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
vii
WORKING DRAFT
ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
Information technology — Metamodel framework for
interoperability (MFI) — Part 3 Second edition: Metamodel for
ontology registration
1
Scope
The primary purpose of the multipart standard ISO/IEC 19763 is to specify a metamodel framework for
interoperability. This part of ISO/IEC 19763 specifies the metamodel that provides a facility to register
administrative and evolution information of ontologies.
The metamodel that this part specifies is intended to promote interoperation among application systems.
It does not specify the metamodels of ontologies described in specific languages and the mappings among
them. They are specified in other specifications such as the Ontology Definition Metamodel[1] (ODM) from the
Object Management Group.
Figure 1 shows the scope of this part of ISO/IEC 19763.
Scope of MFI Ontology registration
MFI Ontology registration
.
.
.
Administrative and evolution
information of ontology A
Standardized
ontology
repository
Ontology A for
application system A
Administrative and evolution
Ontology registry
information of ontology B
Standardized
ontology
repository
.
.
.
Ontology B for
application system B
Scope of specifications such as ODM
Applicatio
Application
System A
system A
Interoperation
Application
system B
.
.
.
Figure 1 — Scope of MFI Ontology registration
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
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ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
2
Conformance
2.1
General
An implementation claiming conformance to this part of ISO/IEC 19763 shall support some part of the
metamodel specified in this part of ISO/IEC 19763 and may or shall not support any extensions, depending on
what level of conformance and which degree of conformance it claims.
2.2
Levels of Conformance
2.2.1
General
An implementation may conform to one of the two levels of conformance to this part of ISO/IEC 19763,
depending on what packages it supports.
2.2.2
Conformance Level 1
The metamodel specified in 5.4 Basic_Model package is supported.
2.2.3
Conformance Level 2
The metamodels specified in 5.4 Basic_Model package and 5.5 Evolution_Information_Model package are
supported.
2.3
Degree of conformance
2.3.1
General
In each conformance level, the distinction between “strictly conforming” and “conforming” implementations is
necessary to address the simultaneous needs for interoperability and extensions. This part of ISO/IEC 19763
describes specifications that promote interoperability. Extensions are motivated by needs of users, vendors,
institutions, and industries, but are not specified by this part of ISO/IEC 19763.
A strictly conforming implementation may be limited in usefulness but is maximally interoperable with respect
to this part of ISO/IEC 19763. A conforming implementation may be more useful, but may be less
interoperable with respect to this part of ISO/IEC 19763.
2.3.2
Strictly conforming implementation
A strictly conforming implementation for some conformance level
a)
shall support the metamodel required in the conformance level;
b)
shall not support any extensions to the metamodel required in the conformance level.
2.3.3
Conforming implementation
A conforming implementation:
a)
shall support the metamodel required in the conformance level;
b)
may support extensions to the metamodel required in the conformance level that are consistent with the
metamodel required in the conformance level.
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© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
2.4
Implementation Conformance Statement (ICS)
An implementation claiming conformance to this part of ISO/IEC 19763 shall include an Implementation
Conformance Statement stating:
a)
which conformance level it claims(2.2);
b)
whether it is a strictly conforming implementation or a conforming implementation (2.3);
c)
what extensions are supported if it is a conforming implementation.
3
Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 11179-3:2003, Information technology – Metadata registries (MDR) – Part 3: Registry metamodel
and basic attributes
ISO/IEC 19763-1, Information technology – Metamodel framework for interoperability (MFI) – Part 1:
Reference model
ISO/IEC 19763-2, Information technology – Metamodel framework for interoperability (MFI) – Part 2: Core
model
4
4.1
Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 11179-3:2003, ISO/IEC 197631 and ISO/IEC 19763-2 and the following apply.
4.2
Broad terms
4.2.1
Universe of discourse
all those things of interest that are concrete or abstract and that have been, are, or ever might be.
4.2.2
Ontology
description of a universe of discourse in a language that a computer can process.
4.2.3
Registered ontology
ontology that is registered in a registry that conforms to MFI Ontology registration
4.2.4
Unregistered ontology
ontology that is not registered in a registry that conforms to MFI Ontology registration
4.2.5
Reference ontology
registered ontology that is usable and sharable by a community of interest.
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
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ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
4.2.6
Local ontology
registered ontology that is specialized for defined applications and based on at least one reference ontology
4.2.7
Sentence
statement that has a truth value
4.2.8
Symbol
the most primitive lexical construct that composes a part of a sentence
4.2.9
Logical symbol
symbol whose meaning is defined by its language
EXAMPLE
In KIF, “not” and ”or” are logical symbols.
4.2.10
Non-logical symbol
symbol that is not a logical symbol
4.3
Abbreviated terms
KIF
Knowledge Interchange Format[2]
MFI Ontology registration
ISO/IEC 19763-3, Information technology – Metamodel framework for interoperability (MFI) – Part 3:
Metamodel for ontology registration
MDR
Metadata Registry
ODM
Ontology Definition Metamodel[1]
IRI
Internationalized Resource Identifier[3]
5
5.1
Structure of MFI Ontology registration
Overview of MFI Ontology registration
MFI Ontology registration consists of two packages. One is Basic_Model package and the other is
Evolution_Information_Model package. Figure 2 shows the package structure of MFI Ontology registration.
Basic_Model package is to register administrative information of ontologies, irrelevant to the languages that
describe them. The basic idea is that almost any ontology consists of several sentences and that each
sentence uses several non-logical symbols. The metaclasses in Basic_Model package include
Ontology_Whole, Ontology_Component and Ontology_Atomic_Construct, which have administrative
information of ontologies, sentences and non-logical symbols respectively. Since an ontology evolves,
Basic_Model package can register as many versions of an ontology as necessary. But, in Basic_Model
package, each version of ontology is treated as a different ontology.
Evolution_Information_Model package is to register information on how an ontology evolves from one
version to another. Evolution_Information_Model package basically consists of three mataclasses,
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© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
Ontology_Whole_Evolution_Information, Ontology_Componen_Evolution_Information and Ontology
_Atomic_Construct_Information, which have evolution information on Ontology_Whole, Ontology
_Componen and Ontology _Atomic_Construct respectively.
Figure 2 — Package structure of MFI Ontology registration
5.2
Overview of Basic_Model package
Figure 3 shows the metamodel in Basic_Model package.
NOTE
Metaclasses whose names are italicized are abstract metaclasses.
Figure 3 — Metamodel in Basic_Model package
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
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ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
Ontology_Whole is an abstract metaclass that designates an ontology and contains the associated
administrative information. Ontology_Language is used as reference "modelType" of Ontology_Whole to
indicate a language that describes an ontology that is designated by Ontology_Whole.
Ontology_Component is an abstract metaclass that designates a sentence contained in an ontology and
contains the associate administrative information. The granularity of a sentence is not specified but is a user’s
choice. Ontology_Atomic_Construct is an abstract metaclass that designates a non-logical symbol that is
used in a sentence and contains the associated administrative information.
Authoritative_Item is an abstract metaclass that is a superclass of Ontology_Whole, Ontology
_Component and Ontology_Atomic_Construct. Authoritative_Extent is used as reference
"authoritativeLevel" of Authoritative_Item to indicate whether an Authoritative_Item can import, consist of or
use another Authoritative_Item.
Ontology_Whole has two direct subclasses, Registered_Ontology_Whole and Unregistered_Ontology
_Whole. Registered_Ontology_Whole is an abstract metaclass that designates an ontology that is
registered in a registry that conforms to MFI Ontology registration and therefore is also a subclass of
Administered Item of MDR. Unregistered_Ontology_Whole is a metaclass that designates an ontology that
is not registered but imported by an ontology that is registered in a registry that conforms to MFI Ontology
registration. Any instance of Unregistered_Ontology_Whole has "unregistered" as its value of attribute
"authoritativeLevel" and any ontology that is designated by Unregistered_Ontology_Whole can be imported
by any ontology designated by Registered_Ontology_Whole.
On the other hand, Ontology_Component has only one direct subclass Registered_Ontology _Component.
Registered_Ontology_Component is an abstract metaclass that designates an ontology that is registered in
a registry that conforms to MFI Ontology registration and therefore is also a subclasse of Administered Item
of MDR. Any instance of Ontology_Component is a Registered_Ontology_Component since a sentence
that is not registered in a registry that conforms to MFI Ontology registration is out of scope.
Similar to Ontology_Whole, Ontology_Atomic_Construct has two direct subclasses, Registered
_Ontology_Atomic_Construct and Unregistered_Ontology_Atomic_Construct. Registered_Ontology
_Atomic_Construct is an abstract metaclass that designates a non-logical symbol that is registered in a
registry that conforms to MFI Ontology registration. Unregistered_Ontology_Atomic_Construct is a
metaclass that designates a non-logical symbol that is not registered but used by a sentence that is registered
in a registry that conforms to MFI Ontology registration. Any instance of Unregistered_Ontology_Atomic
_Construct has "unregistered" as its value of attribute "authoritativeLevel" and any non-logical symbol that is
designated by Unregistered _Ontology_Atomic_Construct can be used by any sentence designated by
Registered_Ontology _Component.
Registered_Ontology_Whole has two direct subclasses, Reference_Ontology_Whole and Local
_Ontology_Whole. Reference_Ontology_Whole designates a reference ontology. Local_Ontology_Whole
designates a local ontology based on at least one reference ontology that is designated by
Reference_Ontology_Whole. Reference_Ontology_Whole is a metaclass whose extent is a set of all
instances of Registered_Ontology_Whole whose values of attribute "authoritativeLevel" are "reference".
Local_Ontology_Whole is a metaclass whose extent is a set of all instances of Registered_
Ontology_Whole whose values of attribute "authoritativeLevel" are not "reference".
Similarly, Registered_Ontology_Component has two direct subclasses, Reference_Ontology_Component
and Local_Ontology_Component. Reference_Ontology_Component designates a sentence contained in
ontologies that are designated by Reference_Ontology_Whole. A sentence that is designated by
Reference_Ontology_Component may also be contained in ontologies that are designated by
Local_Ontology_Whole. The extent of Reference_Ontology_Component has to be a set of any instances
of Registered_Ontology_Component whose value of attribute “authoritativeLevel” is “reference”. Local
_Ontology_Component is a metaclass whose extent is a set of of all instances of Registered_Ontology
_Component whose values of attribute "authoritativeLevel" are not "reference".
Registered_Ontology_Atomic_Construct also has two direct subclasses, Reference_Ontology_Atomic
_Construct
and
Local_Ontology_Atomic_Construct.
Reference_Ontology_Atomic_Construct
designates a non-logical symbol that is used in sentences that are designated by
Reference_Ontology_Component.
A
non-logical
symbol
that
is
designated
by
Reference_Ontology_Atomic_Construct may also be used in sentences that are designated by
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© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
Local_Ontology_Component. The extent of Reference_Ontology_Atomic_Construct has to be a set of
any instances of Registered_Ontology_Atomic_Construct whose value of attribute “authoritativeLevel” is
“reference”. Local_Ontology_Atomic_Construct is a metaclass whose extent is a set of of all instances of
Registered_Ontology _Atomic_Construct whose values of attribute "authoritativeLevel" are not "reference".
The exact specification of each metaclass in Basic_Model package is given in 5.4.
5.3
Overview of Evolution_Information_Model package
Figure 4 shows the metamodel in Evolution_Information_Model package.
Figure 4 — Metamodel in Evolution_Information_Model package
Evolution_Information is an abstract metaclass that is a superclass of Ontology_Whole_Evolution
_Information,
Ontology_Component_Evolution_Information
and
Ontology_Atomic_Construct
_Evolution_Information. Ontology_Whole_Evolution_Information is a metaclass that indicates what a
Registered_Ontology_Whole evolves to what a Registered_Ontology_Whole and is possibly composed of
Ontology_Component_Evolution_Information. Ontology_Component_Evolution_Information is a
metaclass that indicates what a Registered_Ontology_Component evolves to what a
Registered_Ontology_Component and is possibly composed of Ontology_Atomic_Construct
_Evolution_Information.
Ontology_Atomic_Construct_Evolution_Information is a metaclass that
indicates what a Registered_Ontology_Atomic_Construct evolves to what a Registered_Ontology
_Atomic_Construct. Evolution information on Unregistered_Ontology_Whole and Unregistered
_Ontology_Atomic_Construct are out of scope since they are unregistered.
The exact specification of each metaclass in Evolution_Information_Model package is given in 5.5.
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
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ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
5.4
5.4.1
Basic_Model package
Authoritative_Extent
Authoritative_Extent is an metaclass whose instances indicate authoritative extent and compose a partially
order set in terms of reference "lessThanOrEqual".
Attribute
DataType
authoritativeExt String
ent
Multiplicity
1..1
Description
String that represents the authoritative extent of this
Authoritative_Extent
Reference
Class
lessThanOrEqu Authoritative_Extent
al
Multiplicity
0..*
Description
Authoritative_Extent that this Authoritative_Extent is
less than or equal to
Constraints
The value of attribute “authoritativeExtent” has to be unique in this metaclass.
Any instances in this metaclass are "lessThanOrEqual" to the instances whose "authoritativeLevel" are
"reference" or "unregistered".
5.4.2
Authoritative_Item
Authoritative_Item is an abstract metaclass that is a SuperClass of Ontology_Whole, Ontology_Component
and Ontology_Atomic_Construct.
SuperClass
Administered_Item (from MDR)
Reference
Class
authoritativeLev Authoritative_Extent
el
NOTE
5.4.3
Multiplicity
1..1
Description
Authoritative level of this Authoritative_Item
Authoritative_Item X can consists of or uses Authoritative_Item Y if and only if the authoritativeLevel of X is less
than or equal to the authoritativeLevel of Y. For more details, see Constraints, 5.4.5 Registered_Otology_Whole
and 5.4.10 Registered_Otology_Component.
Ontology_Language
Ontology_Language is a metaclass that represents an ontology descriptive language.
Attribute
name
DataType
String
Multiplicity
1..1
Description
Name of the ontology descriptive language. It is
advisable that its value should be one of the values
in column “name” of Table1 at Annex C.
Constraints
The value of attribute “name” has to be unique in this metaclass.
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© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
5.4.4
Ontology_Whole
Ontology_Whole is an abstract metaclass that is a SuperClass of Registered_Ontology_Whole and
Unregistered_Ontology_Whole.
Attribute
IRI
DataType
String
ontologyName
String
Reference
modelType
Class
Ontology_Language
Multiplicity
1..1
1..1
Multiplicity
1..1
Description
IRI that identifies the corresponding ontology
Name of the corresponding ontology
Description
Ontology_Language
corresponding ontology
that
describes
the
Constraints
The value of attribute “URI” has to be unique in this metaclass.
5.4.5
Registered_Ontology_Whole
Registered_Ontology_Whole is an abstract metaclass that is a SuperClass of Reference_Ontology_Whole
and Local_Ontology_Whole.
SuperClass
Administered Item (from MDR), Ontolohy_Whole
Reference
imports
Class
Unregistered_Ontolog
y_Whole
Multiplicity
0..*
Description
Unregistered_Ontology_Whole
designating
an
unregistered ontology that is imported by the
corresponding ontology
consistsOf
Registered_Ontology_
Component
1..*
Registered_Ontology_Component designating the
sentence contained in the ontology designated by
this Registered _Ontology_Whole
sameAs
Registered_Ontology
_Whole
0..1
Registered_Ontology_Whole
designating
the
ontology that is interpreted exactly the same as the
ontology designated by this Registered_Ontology
_Whole
Constraints
The value of attribute "authoritativeLevel” inherited from Authoritative_Item has to be an Authoritative_Extent
whose “authoritativeExtent” is not "unregistered".
The value of attribute "authoritativeLevel" of this Registered_Ontology_Whole has to be "lessThanOrEequal"
to any value of attribute "authoritativeLevel" of the instances of Registered_Ontology_Component
designated by the values of attribute "consisitsOf" of this Registered_Ontology_Whole.
The value of attribute "authoritativeLevel" of this Registered_Ontology_Whole has to be "lessThanOrEequal"
to the value of attribute "authoritativeLevel" of the instance of Registered_Ontology_Whole designated by the
value of attribute "sameAs" of this Registered_Ontology_Whole, if it exists.
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
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ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
5.4.6
Unregistered_Ontology_Whole
Unregistered_Ontology_Whole is a metaclass designating an unregistered ontology.
SuperClass
Ontolohy_Whole
Constraints
The value of attribute "authoritativeLevel” inherited from Ontology_Whole has to be "unregistered".
5.4.7
Reference_Ontology_Whole
Reference_Ontology_Whole is a metaclass designating a reference ontology.
SuperClass
Registered_Ontolohy_Whole
Constraints
The value of attribute "authoritativeLevel” inherited from Authoritative_Item has to an Authoritative_Extent
whose “authoritativeExtent” is "reference".
5.4.8
Local_Ontology_Whole
Local_Ontology_Whole is a metaclass designating a reference ontology.
SuperClass
Registered_Ontolohy_Whole
Constraints
The value of attribute "authoritativeLevel” inherited from Authoritative_Item has to be an Authoritative_Extent
whose “authoritativeExtent” is neither "unregistered" nor "reference".
5.4.9
Ontology_Component
Ontology_Component is an abstract metaclass that is a SuperClass of Registered_Ontology_Componentt.
Attribute
namespace
DataType
String
sentenceIdentifier
String
Multiplicity
1..1
Description
IRI where the value of the sentenceIdentifier is
uniquely identified
1..1
Identifier of the corresponding sentence within the
namespace
Constraints
The value of attribute “sentenceIdentifirer” prefixed by the value of attribute “namespace” has to be unique in
this metaclass and to identify the corresponding sentence.
10
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
5.4.10 Registered_Ontology_Component
Registered_Ontology_Component is an abstract metaclass designating a sentence contained in a registered
ontology that is designated by Registered_Ontology_Whole. Granularity of a sentence is not specified in this
part of the standard.
SuperClass
Administered Item (from MDR), Ontolohy_Component
Reference
uses
Class
Ontology_Atomic_Co
nstruct
Multiplicity
1..*
Description
Ontology_Atomic_Construct designating the nonlogical symbol that is used in the sentence
designated
by
this
Registered_Ontology
_Component
sameAs
Registered_Ontology
_Component
0..1
Reference_Ontology_Component designating the
senetnce that is interpreted exactly the same as the
sentence designated by this Registered_Ontology
_Component
Constraints
The value of attribute "authoritativeLevel” inherited from Authoritative_Item has to be an Authoritative_Extent
whose “authoritativeExtent” is not "unregistered".
The value of attribute "authoritativeLevel" of this Registered_Ontology_Component has to be
"lessThanOrEequal" to any value of attribute "authoritativeLevel" of the instance of Ontology_Atomic
_Construct designated by the values of attribute "uses" of this Registered_Ontology_Component.
The value of attribute "authoritativeLevel" of this Registered_Ontology_Component has to be
"lessThanOrEequal" to the value of attribute "authoritativeLevel" of the instance of Registered_Ontology
_Component designated by the value of attribute "sameAs" of this Registered_Ontology_Component, if it
exists.
5.4.11 Reference_Ontology_Component
Reference_Ontology_Component is a metaclass designating a sentence contained in a reference ontology
that is designated by Reference_Ontology_Whole.
SuperClass
Registered_Ontolohy_Component
Constraints
The value of attribute "authoritativeLevel” inherited from Authoritative_Item has to be an Authoritative_Extent
whose “authoritativeExtent” is "reference".
Exists at least one Reference_Ontology_Whole whose “consistsOf” is this Reference_Ontology_Component.
Exists at most one Registered_Ontology_Component whose "evolvesFrom" is this Reference_Ontology_
Component
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
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ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
5.4.12 Local_Ontology_Component
Local_Ontology_Component is a metaclass designating a sentence contained in a local ontology that is
designated by Local_Ontology.
SuperClass
Registered_Ontolohy_Component
Constraints
The value of attribute "authoritativeLevel” inherited from Authoritative_Item has to be an Authoritative_Extent
whose “authoritativeExtent” is neither "unregistered" nor "reference".
Exists at least one Local_Ontology_Whole whose “authoritativeLevel” is the same as the one of this
Local_Ontology_Component and whose “consistsOf” is this Local_Ontology_Component.
5.4.13 Ontology_Atomic_Construct
Ontology_Atomic_Construct is an abstract metaclass that is a SuperClass of Registered_Ontology_Atomic_
Construct and Unregistered_Ontology_Atomic_Construct.
Attribute
namespace
DataType
String
nonLogicalSymbol
String
Multiplicity
1..1
1..1
Description
IRI where the corresponding non-logical symbol is
uniquely identified
The corresponding non-logical symbol
Constraints
The value of attribute “nonLogicalSymbol” prefixed by the value of attribute “namespace” has to be unique in
this metaclass.
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ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
5.4.14 Registered_Ontology_Atomic_Construct
Registered_Ontology_Atomic_Construct is an abstract metaclass designating a non-logical symbol that is
defined in a sentence that is designated by Registered_Ontology_Component
SuperClass
Administered Item (from MDR), Ontology_Atomic_Construct
Reference
sameAs
Class
Registered_Ontology
_Atomic_Construct
Multiplicity
0..1
Description
Registered_Ontology_Atomic_Construct
designating the non-logical symbol that is
interpreted exactly the same as the non-logical
symbol
designated
by
this
Regestered
_Ontology_Atomic _Construct
Constraints
The value of attribute "authoritativeLevel” inherited from Authoritative_Item has to be an Authoritative_Extent
whose “authoritativeExtent” is not "unregistered".
The value of attribute "authoritativeLevel" of this Registered_Ontology_Atomic_Construct has to be
"lessThanOrEequal" to the value of attribute "authoritativeLevel" of the instance of Registered_Ontology_
Atomic_Construct designated by the value of attribute "sameAs" of this Registered_Ontology_Component, if it
exists.
5.4.15 Unregistered_Ontology_Atomic_Construct
Unregistered_Ontology_Atomic_Construct is a metaclass designating a non-logical symbol that is not defined
but used in a sentence that is designated by Regestered_Ontology_Component.
SuperClass
Ontology_Atomic_Construct
Constraints
The value of attribute "authoritativeLevel” inherited from Ontology_Whole has to be "unregistered".
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
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ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
5.4.16 Reference_Ontology_Atomic_Construct
Reference_Ontology_Atomic_Construct is a metaclass designating a non-logical symbol that is defined in a
sentence that is designated by Reference_Ontology_Component.
SuperClass
Registered_Ontology_Atomic_Construct
Constraints
The value of attribute "authoritativeLevel” inherited from Authoritative_Item has to be an Authoritative_Extent
whose “authoritativeExtent” be "reference".
Exists at least one Reference_Ontology_Component whose “uses” is this Reference_Ontology_Atomic
_Construct.
Exists at most one Registered_Ontology_Atomic_Construct whose "correspondsTo" is this Reference
_Ontology_Atomic_Construct.
5.4.17 Local_Ontology_Atomic_Construct
Local_Ontology_Atomic_Construct is a metaclass designating a non-logical symbol that is defined in a
sentence that is designated by Local_Ontology_Component.
SuperClass
Registered_Ontology_Atomic_Construct
Constraints
The value of attribute "authoritativeLevel” inherited from Authoritative_Item has to be an Authoritative_Extent
whose “authoritativeExtent” is neither "unregistered" nor "reference".
Exists at least one Local_Ontology_Component whose “authoritativeLevel” is the same as the one of this
Local_Ontology_Atomic_Construct and whose “consistsOf” is this Local_Ontology__Atomic_Construct.
5.5
5.5.1
Evolution_Information_Model package
Evolution_Information
Evolution_Informatio is an abstract metaclass that is a SuperClass of Ontology_Whole_Evolution
_Information, Ontology_Component_Evolution_Information and Ontology_Atomic_Construct_Evolution
_Information
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ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
5.5.2
Ontology_Whole_Evolution_Information
Ontology_Whole_Evolution_Information
Registetered_Ontology_Wholes
is
a
metaclass
that
has
information
on
evolution
of
SuperClass
Evolution_Information
Reference
Class
previousVersion
Registered_Ontology_
Whole
1..1
Registered_Ontology_Whole that the evolution
designated by this Ontology_Whole_Evolution
_Information is from.
newVerstion
Registered_Ontology_
Whole
1..1
Registered_Ontology_Whole that the evolution
designated by this Ontology_Whole_Evolution
_Information is to.
isComposedOf
Ontology_Component
_Evolution_Information
0:*
Ontology_Component_Evolution_Information
designating the evolution of Registered_Ontolog
_Components that composes the evolution
designated by this Ontology_Whole_Evolution
_Information.
5.5.3
Multiplicity
Description
Ontology_Component_Evolution_Information
Ontology_Component_Evolution_Information is a metaclass that has information on evolution of Registetered
_Ontology_Components
SuperClass
Evolution_Information
Reference
Class
previousVersion
Registered_Ontology
_Component
1..1
Registered_Ontology_Component that the evolution
designated by this Ontology_Component_Evolution
_Information is from.
newVerstion
Registered_Ontology
_Component
1..1
Registered_Ontology_Component that the evolution
designated by this Ontology_Component_Evolution
_Information is to.
isComposedOf
Ontology_Atomic
_Construct_Evolution
_Information
0:*
Ontology_Atomic_Construct_Evolution_Information
designating the evolution of Registered_Ontolog
_Components that composes the evolution
designated by this Ontology_Whole_Evolution
_Information.
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
Multiplicity
Description
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ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
5.5.4
Ontology_Atomic_Construct_Evolution_Information
Ontology_Atomic_Construct_Evolution_Information is a metaclass that has information on evolution of
Registetered _Ontology_Atomic_Constructs
SuperClass
Evolution_Information
Reference
Class
previousVersion
Registered_Ontology
_Atomic_Construct
1..1
Registered_Ontology_Atomic_Construct that the
evolution designated by this Ontology_Atomic
_Construct _Evolution_Information is from
newVerstion
Registered_Ontology
_Atomic_Construct
1..1
Registered_Ontology_Atomic_Construct that the
evolution designated by this Ontology_Atomic
_Construct _Evolution_Information is to
16
Multiplicity
Description
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
Annex A
(informative)
Example of Basic_Model
A.1 Example of a reference ontology
Suppose that some organization establishes a formalized ontology called “RO1” about kernel units in OWL. A
kernel unit is a unit with its own name without prefix, such as “metre”. In “RO1”, there are several sentences
about kernel units. Figure A.1 shows three examples of them. Suppose that these sentences are named
“RC1”, “RC2”, and “RC3” as shown in Figure A.1.
RC1
<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:ID="dimensionality">
<rdfs:domain rdf:resource="#Unit" />
<rdfs:range rdf:resource="#Dimensionality" />
</owl:ObjectProperty>
RC2
<owl:Class rdf:ID="KernelUnit">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="#Unit"/>
</owl:Class>
RC3
<KernelUnit rdf:ID="metre">
<dimensionality>
<Dimensionality rdf:ID="length"/>
</dimensionality>
</KernelUnit>
Figure A.1 — Three examples of the sentences in RO1
Then, “RC1” means “Dimensionality is a property of a unit.", “RC2” means “A kernel unit is a unit.”, and “RC3”
means “Metre is a kernel unit whose dimensionality is length.”.
Figure A.2 shows how “RO1” is registered as a reference ontology in accordance with MFI Ontology
registration.
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
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ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
< Reference_Ontology_Whole>
Object01
Attribute/Reference
administered_item_administration_record
authoritativeLevel
URI
ontologyName
modelType
consistsOf
Literal/Instance
Administration_Record01
Object11
http://ref1.org/kernel-unit
"RO1"
"OWL"
Object02
Object03
Object04
…
<Reference_Ontology_Component>
Object02
Attribute/Reference
Literal/Instance
administered_item_administration_record Administration_Record02
authoritativeLevel
Object11
namespace
http://ref1.org/kernel-unit
sentenceIdentifier
"RC1"
uses
Object05
Object06
Object07
Object04
Attribute/Reference
administered_item_administration_record
authoritativeLevel
namespace
sentenceIdentifier
uses
administered_item_administration_record
authoritativeLevel
namespace
sentenceIdentifier
uses
Literal/Instance
Administration_Record03
Object11
http://ref1.org/kernel-unit
"RC2"
Object06
Object08
Literal/Instance
Administration_Record04
Object11
http://ref1.org/kernel-unit
"RC3"
Object05
Object07
Object08
Object09
Object10
<Reference_Ontology_Atomic_Construct>
Object05
Attribute/Reference
Literal/Instance
administered_item_administration_record Administration_Record05
authoritativeLevel
Object11
namespace
http://ref1.org/kernel-unit
nonLogicalSymbol
"dimensionality"
Object07
Attribute/Reference
Literal/Instance
administered_item_administration_record Administration_Record07
authoritativeLevel
Object11
namespace
http://ref1.org/kernel-unit
nonLogicalSymbol
"Dimensionality"
Object09
Attribute/Reference
Literal/Instance
administered_item_administration_record Administration_Record09
authoritativeLevel
Object11
namespace
http://ref1.org/kernel-unit
nonLogicalSymbol
"metre"
<Authoritative_Extent>
Object11
Attribute/Reference
authoritativeExtent
Object03
Attribute/Reference
Object06
Attribute/Reference
administered_item_administration_record
authoritativeLevel
namespace
nonLogicalSymbol
Object08
Attribute/Reference
administered_item_administration_record
authoritativeLevel
namespace
nonLogicalSymbol
Object10
Attribute/Reference
administered_item_administration_record
authoritativeLevel
namespace
nonLogicalSymbol
Literal/Instance
Administration_Record06
Object11
http://ref1.org/kernel-unit
"Unit"
Literal/Instance
Administration_Record08
Object11
http://ref1.org/kernel-unit
"KernelUnit"
Literal/Instance
Administration_Record10
Object11
http://ref1.org/kernel-unit
"length"
Literal/Instance
"reference"
Figure A.2 — Registration of RO1
NOTE1
18
For simplicity, the sentences other than “RC1”, “RC2”, and “RC3” are ignored.
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
NOTE2
Except “administered_item_administration_record”, the attributes and references that are inherited from the
other standards are not shown for simplicity.
NOTE3
Objectxx (xx= 01 to 11) are object identifiers introduced only for the descriptive purpose of this example. The
detailed specifications of them are beyond the scope of this part of the standard.
A.2 Example of another reference ontology
Suppose that another organization establishes a formalized ontology called “RO2” about prefixed units in
OWL. A prefixed unit is a unit with prefix, such as “kilometer”. In “RO2”, there are several sentences about
prefixed units. Figure A.3 shows two examples of them. Suppose that these sentences are named “RC4” and
“RC5” as shown in Figure A.3.
RC4
<owl:Class rdf:ID="PrefixedUnit">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="&ref1;Unit"/>
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<owl:Restriction>
<owl:onProperty rdf:about="#prefix"/>
<owl:cardinality rdf:datatype="&xsd;int">1</owl:cardinality>
</owl:Restriction>
</rdfs:subClassOf>
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<owl:Restriction>
<owl:onProperty rdf:about="#kernel"/>
<owl:cardinality rdf:datatype="&xsd;int">1</owl:cardinality>
</owl:Restriction>
</rdfs:subClassOf>
</owl:Class>
RC5
<PrefixedUnit rdf:ID="micrometre">
<prefix>
<MetricPrefix rdf:ID="micro"/>
</prefix>
<kernel>
<ref1:KernelUnit rdf:resource="&ref1;metre"/>
</kernel>
</PrefixedUnit>
Figure A.3 — Two examples of the sentences in RO2
Then, “RC4” means “A prefixed unit is a unit, has exactly one prefix, and has exactly one kernel.” and “RC5”
means “Micrometre is a prefixed unit whose prefix is micro as a metric prefix and whose kernel is metre as a
kernel unit.”.
Figure A.4 shows how “RO2” is registered as a reference ontology in accordance with MFI Ontology
registration.
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
19
ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
< Reference_Ontology_Whole>
Object12
Attribute/Reference
administered_item_administration_record
authoritativeLevel
URI
ontologyName
modelType
consistsOf
Literal/Instance
Administration_Record12
Object11
http://ref2.org/prefixed-unit
"RO2"
"OWL"
Object13
Object14
…
<Reference_Ontology_Component>
Object13
Attribute/Reference
Literal/Instance
administered_item_administration_record Administration_Record13
authoritativeLevel
Object11
namespace
http://ref2.org/prefixed-unit
sentenceIdentifier
"RC4"
uses
Object06
Object15
Object16
Object17
<Reference_Ontology_Atomic_Construct>
Object15
Attribute/Reference
Literal/Instance
administered_item_administration_record Administration_Record15
authoritativeLevel
Object11
namespace
http://ref2.org/prefixed-unit
nonLogicalSymbol
"PrefixedUnit"
Object17
Attribute/Reference
Literal/Instance
administered_item_administration_record Administration_Record17
authoritativeLevel
Object11
namespace
http://ref2.org/prefixed-unit
nonLogicalSymbol
"kernel"
Object19
Attribute/Reference
Literal/Instance
administered_item_administration_record Administration_Record19
authoritativeLevel
Object11
namespace
http://ref2.org/prefixed-unit
nonLogicalSymbol
"MetricPrefix"
Object14
Attribute/Reference
administered_item_administration_record
authoritativeLevel
namespace
sentenceIdentifier
uses
Object16
Attribute/Reference
administered_item_administration_record
authoritativeLevel
namespace
nonLogicalSymbol
Object18
Attribute/Reference
administered_item_administration_record
authoritativeLevel
namespace
nonLogicalSymbol
Object20
Attribute/Reference
administered_item_administration_record
authoritativeLevel
namespace
nonLogicalSymbol
Literal/Instance
Administration_Record14
Object11
http://ref2.org/prefixed-unit
"RC5"
Object08
Object09
Object15
Object16
Object17
Object18
Object19
Object20
Literal/Instance
Administration_Record16
Object11
http://ref2.org/prefixed-unit
"prefix"
Literal/Instance
Administration_Record18
Object11
http://ref2.org/prefixed-unit
"micrometre"
Literal/Instance
Administration_Record20
Object11
http://ref2.org/prefixed-unit
"micro"
Figure A.4 — Registration of RO2
NOTE1
For simplicity, the sentences other than “RC4” and “RC5” are ignored..
NOTE2
Except “administered_item_administration_record”, the attributes and references that are inherited from the
other standards are not shown for simplicity.
NOTE3
Objectxx (xx= 06 to 20) are object identifiers introduced only for the descriptive purpose of this example. The
detailed specifications of them are beyond the scope of this part of the standard.
20
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
A.3 Example of a local ontology
Suppose that some application system establishes its own ontology called “LO1” about units based on “RO1”
and “RO2”. “LO1” is described in KIF and not in OWL and its authoritative level is “local1”. In “LO1”, there are
several sentences about units for this application system. Figure A.5 shows three examples of them. Suppose
that these sentences are named “LC1”, “LC2”, and “LC3” as shown in Figure A.5.
LC1
(and (KernelUnit metre) (Dimensionality length) (dimensionality metre length))
LC2
(and (PrefixedlUnit micron) (MetricPrefix micro) (KernelUnit metre)
(prefix micron micro) (kernel micron metre))
LC3
((forall ?Unit1 ?Unit2 ?Dimensionality1 ?Dimensionality2)
(implies (and (PrefixedUnit ?Unit1) (kernel ?Unit1 ?Unit2)
(dimensionality ?Unit1 ?Dimensionality1) (dimensionality ?Unit2 ?Dimensionality2))
(equal ?Dimensionality1 ?Dimensionality2)))
Figure A.5 — Three examples of the sentences in LO1
Then, “LC1” has the same meaning as “RC3” in “RO1” and uses the same non-logical symbols as “RC3” in
“RO1”.
“LC2” has the same meaning as “RC5” in “RO2” and uses the same non-logical symbols as “RC5” in “RO2”,
except that “micron” is used instead of “micrometer” for this application system.
“LC3” is a new sentence that is not in “RO1” or in “RO2”. “LC3” means “Dimensionality of a kernel unit
measures and the dimensionality of the prefixed unit whose kernel is the kernel unit are equal.”.
Figure A.6 shows how “LO1” is registered as a local ontology in accordance with MFI Ontology registration.
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
21
ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
<Local_Ontology_Whole>
Object21
Attribute/Reference
administered_item_administration_record
authoritativeLevel
URI
ontologyName
modelType
consistsOf
Literal/Instance
Administration_Record21
Object26
http://local1.org/unit
"LO1"
"KIF"
Object22
Object23
Object24
…
<Local_Ontology_Component>
Object22
Attribute/Reference
Literal/Instance
administered_item_administration_record Administration_Record22
authoritativeLevel
Object26
namespace
http://local1.org/unit
sentenceIdentifier
"LC1"
uses
Object05
Object07
Object08
Object09
Object10
sameAs
Object04
Object24
Attribute/Reference
administered_item_administration_record
authoritativeLevel
namespace
sentenceIdentifier
uses
Literal/Instance
Administration_Record24
Object26
http://local1.org/unit
"LC3"
Object05
Object15
Object17
Object23
Attribute/Reference
administered_item_administration_record
authoritativeLevel
namespace
sentenceIdentifier
uses
sameAs
Literal/Instance
Administration_Record23
Object26
http://local1.org/unit
"LC2"
Object08
Object09
Object15
Object16
Object17
Object19
Object20
Object25
Object14
<Local_Ontology_Atomic_Construct>
Object25
Attribute/Reference
Literal/Instance
administered_item_administration_record Administration_Record25
authoritativeLevel
Object26
namespace
http://local1.org/unit
nonLogicalSymbol
"micron"
sameAs
Object18
<Authoritative_Extent>
Object26
Attribute/Reference
authoritativeExtent
lessThanOrEqual
Literal/Instance
"local1"
object11
Figure A.6 — Registration of LO1
NOTE1
For simplicity, the sentences other than “LC1”, “LC2”, and “LC3” are ignored.
NOTE2
Except “administered_item_administration_record”, the attributes and references that are inherited from the
other standards are not shown for simplicity.
NOTE3
Objectxx (xx= 04 to 26) are object identifiers introduced only for the descriptive purpose of this example. The
detailed specifications of them are beyond the scope of this part of the standard.
22
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
A.4 Example of another local ontology
Suppose that another application system establishes its own ontology called “LO2” about units based on
“LO1”, “RO1” and “RO2”. “LO2” is also described in KIF and its authoritative level is “local2”, which is less than
or equal to “local1”, which is the authoritative level of “LO1”. “LO2” reuses “LC1” and “LC2”, sentences in
“LO1” and have several other sentences about units for this application system. Figure A.7 shows an example
of them. Suppose that this sentence is named “LC4” as shown in Figure A.7.
LC4
(and (PrefixedlUnit angstrom) (MetricPrefix 100pico) (KernelUnit metre)
(prefix angstrom 100pico) (kernel angstrom metre))
Figure A.7 — An example of the sentences in LO2
Then, “LC4” is a new sentence that is not in either “RO1”, “RO2” or “LO1”. “LC4” means “Angstrom is a
prefixed unit whose prefix is 100picop as a metric prefix and whose kernel is metre as a kernel unit.”
Figure A.8 shows how “LO1” is registered as a local ontology in accordance with MFI Ontology registration.
<Local_Ontology_Whole>
Object27
Attribute/Reference
administered_item_administration_record
authoritativeLevel
URI
ontologyName
modelType
consistsOf
<Local_Ontology_Component>
Object28
Attribute/Reference
administered_item_administration_record
authoritativeLevel
namespace
sentenceIdentifier
uses
Literal/Instance
Administration_Record27
Object31
http://local2.org/unit
"LO2"
"KIF"
Object22
Object23
Object28
…
Literal/Instance
Administration_Record28
Object31
http://local2.org/unit
"LC4"
Object08
Object09
Object15
Object16
Object17
Object29
Object30
<Local_Ontology_Atomic_Construct>
Object29
Attribute/Reference
Literal/Instance
administered_item_administration_record Administration_Record29
authoritativeLevel
Object31
namespace
http://local2.org/unit
nonLogicalSymbol
"angstrom"
<Authoritative_Extent>
Object31
Attribute/Reference
authoritativeExtent
lessThanOrEqual
Object30
Attribute/Reference
administered_item_administration_record
authoritativeLevel
namespace
nonLogicalSymbol
Literal/Instance
Administration_Record30
Object31
http://local2.org/unit
"100pico"
Literal/Instance
"local2"
object26
Figure A.8 — Registration of LO2
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
23
ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
NOTE1
For simplicity, the sentences other than “LC4” are ignored.
NOTE2
Except “administered_item_administration_record”, the attributes and references that are inherited from the
other standards are not shown for simplicity.
NOTE3
Objectxx (xx= 08 to 31) are object identifiers introduced only for the descriptive purpose of this example. The
detailed specifications of them are beyond the scope of this part of the standard.
24
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
Annex B
(informative)
Example of Evolution_Information_Model
B.1 Example of evolution
Suppose that “LO1” evolves to “LO3” so that “LO3” uses non-logical symbol “micrometer” rather than “micron”.
Since “LO2” is still based on “LO1”, “LO3” is identified by different IRI from the one of “LO1”. Figure A.1 shows
three examples of the sentences in “LO3”. These sentences are named “LC5”, “LC6”, and “LC7”, as shown in
Figure B.1, corresponding to “LC1”, “LC2” and “LC3” in “LO1” respectively.
LC5
(and (KernelUnit metre) (Dimensionality length) (dimensionality metre length))
LC6
(and (PrefixedlUnit micrometre) (MetricPrefix micro) (KernelUnit metre)
(prefix micrometre micro) (kernel micron metre))
LC7
((forall ?Unit1 ?Unit2 ?Dimensionality1 ?Dimensionality2)
(implies (and (PrefixedUnit ?Unit1) (kernel ?Unit1 ?Unit2)
(dimensionality ?Unit1 ?Dimensionality1) (dimensionality ?Unit2 ?Dimensionality2))
(equal ?Dimensionality1 ?Dimensionality2)))
Figure B.1 — Three examples of the sentences in LO3
Then, “LC5” has the same meaning as “RC3” in “RO1” and uses the same non-logical symbols as “RC3” in
“RO1”.
“LC6” has the same meaning as “RC5” in “RO2” and uses the same non-logical symbols as “RC5” in “RO2”.
“LC7” has the same meaning as “LC3” in “LO1” and uses the same non-logical symbols as “LC3” in “LO1”.
Figure B.2 shows how “LO3” is registered as a local ontology in accordance with MFI Ontology registration.
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
25
ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
<Local_Ontology_Whole>
Object32
Attribute/Reference
administered_item_administration_record
authoritativeLevel
URI
ontologyName
modelType
consistsOf
Literal/Instance
Administration_Record32
Object26
http://local1.org/unit/evo
"LO3"
"KIF"
Object22
Object23
Object24
…
<Local_Ontology_Component>
Object33
Attribute/Reference
Literal/Instance
administered_item_administration_record Administration_Record33
authoritativeLevel
Object26
namespace
http://local1.org/unit/evo
sentenceIdentifier
"LC5"
uses
Object05
Object07
Object08
Object09
Object10
sameAs
Object04
Object35
Attribute/Reference
administered_item_administration_record
authoritativeLevel
namespace
sentenceIdentifier
uses
sameAs
Literal/Instance
Administration_Record35
Object26
http://local1.org/unit/evo
"LC7"
Object05
Object15
Object17
Object24
Object34
Attribute/Reference
administered_item_administration_record
authoritativeLevel
namespace
sentenceIdentifier
uses
sameAs
Literal/Instance
Administration_Record34
Object26
http://local1.org/unit/evo
"LC6"
Object08
Object09
Object15
Object16
Object17
Object18
Object19
Object20
Object14
Figure B.2 — Registration of LO3
NOTE1
For simplicity, the sentences other than “LC5”, “LC6”, and “LC7” are ignored.
NOTE2
Except “administered_item_administration_record”, the attributes and references that are inherited from the
other standards are not shown for simplicity.
NOTE3
Objectxx (xx= 04 to 35) are object identifiers introduced only for the descriptive purpose of this example. The
detailed specifications of them are beyond the scope of this part of the standard.
26
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
B.2 Example of evolution information
Figure B.3 shows how the evolution information from “LO1” to “LO3” is registered in accordance with MFI
Ontology registration.
<Ontology_Whole_Evolution_Information>
Object36
Attribute/Reference
Literal/Instance
Object21
previousVersion
newVersion
Object32
isComposedOf
Object37
Object38
Object39
…
<Ontology_Component_Evolution_Information>
Object37
Attribute/Reference
Literal/Instance
Object22
previousVersion
newVersion
Object33
Object39
Attribute/Reference
previousVersion
newVersion
Object38
Attribute/Reference
previousVersion
newVersion
Literal/Instance
Object23
Object34
Literal/Instance
Object24
Object35
Figure B.3 — Registration of evolution information from LO1 to LO3
NOTE1
Objectxx (xx= 21 to 39) are object identifiers introduced only for the descriptive purpose of this example. The
detailed specifications of them are beyond the scope of this part of the standard.
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
27
ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
Annex C
(informative)
List of Ontology_Languages
It is advisable that the value of attribute “name” of “Ontology_Language” should be one of the values in
column “name” of Table C.1.
Table C.1 — List of Ontology_Language
name
Description
CGIF
The dialect of Common Logic specified in Annex B (normative) Conceptual Graph
Interchange Format(CGIF), ISO/IEC 24707 Information technology - Common Logic
(CL) - A framework for a family of logic-based languages
CL
CLIF
A language other than CLIF, CGIF or XCL that conforms to ISO/IEC 24707
Information technology - Common Logic (CL) - A framework for a family of logicbased languages
The dialect of Common Logic specified in Annex A (normative) Common Logic
Interchange Format (CLIF), ISO/IEC 24707 Information technology - Common Logic
(CL) - A framework for a family of logic-based languages
DL
A description logic other than OWL
E/R
An Entity-Relationship modeling language
KIF
Knowledge Interchange Format
OWL
Any of the sublanguages specified by "OWL Web Ontology Language Semantics and
Abstract Syntax", 2004-02-10, W3C Recommendation
RDFS
A language that conforms to "Resourse Description Framework (RDF): Concepts and
Abstract Syntax" and "RDF Vocabulary Description Language 1.0: RDF Schema",
2004-02-10, W3C Recommendation
TM
A language that conforms to ISO/IEC 13250 Topic Maps Information Technology
Document Description and Processing Languages
UML
ISO/IEC 19501 Information technology - Open Distributed Processing - Unified
Modeling Language (UML) Version 1.4.2
XCL
The dialect of Common Logic specified in Annex C (normative) eXtended Common
Logic Markup Language (XCL), ISO/IEC 24707 Information technology - Common
Logic (CL) - A framework for a family of logic-based languages
Other
NOTE
28
UML is a trademark of the Object Management Group.
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
ISO/IEC WD 19763-3 Second edition.2
Bibliography
[1]
Ontology Definition Metamodel, OMG Document Number: ptc/2007-09-09, November 2007
[2]
Knowledge Interchange Format, draft proposed American National Standard (dpANS), NCITS.T2/98004, 1998
[3]
M. Duerst, et. al., RFC 3987 – Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs), January 2005
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved
29