CONTRACEPTIVE COMPARISON
CHART
The contraceptive comparison chart given below provides a comprehensive overview of the variety of
different family planning methods that are available in India.
The types of Family Planning Methods discussed below are as follows:
1. Natural Family Planning Methods
2. Male condom
3. Female Condom
4. Combined Oral Contraceptive Pills
5. Progestin only Injectable Contraceptive
6. Intra uterine Device
7. Emergency Contraception
8. Female Sterilization
9. Male Sterilization (Vasectomy)
The information is provided under the following sub- headings column wise:
1. Family Planning Method
2. What is it?
3. How is it practiced/ used?
4. Effectiveness
5. Advantages
6. Possible Drawbacks
7. Availability
Family Planning Method
What is it?
How is it practiced /used ?
NATURAL FAMILY
Natural family planning
PLANNING
is a way to help a couple
count back 14 days from the first
METHODS
determine when sexual
period. This will presumably be
intercourse
which the woman ovulates.
cannot
can
and
result
in
Rhythm Method
The rhythm method requires a
pregnancy. A couple is
Cervical mucus method
The cervical mucus method is ba
not required to use any
idea that near the time or at t
contraceptive device but
ovulation, the cervical mucus w
are required to utilize
thinner and stickier ,slippery
knowledge
the
stretchy, similar to a raw egg whit
menstrual cycle to avoid
tested by wiping one’s index finger
pregnancy. During each
paper across the opening of vagin
menstrual cycle, one of a
take a look at the mucus. The
woman's ovaries releases
examined for consistency by st
an egg. This process is
between the fingers. If the muc
called
stretched for least three inches
about
ovulation.
It
normally occurs on the
14th day before bleeding.
The egg moves toward the
uterus
through
the
breaking, then ovulation has occurr
fallopian
tubes,
fertilization
where
may
take
Basal Body temperature
The BBT Method is based on th
(BBT) Method,
body temperature rises about 0.
place. An unfertilized egg
degree above the body temperatur
may live for 12 to 24
Fahrenheit around the time of
hours. The egg will be
temperature should be recorded
shed
thermometer in the mouth every
later
during
the
menstrual period if it isn't
after waking. Seeing a sustained
fertilized. Couples should
temperature, one that lasts for at l
avoid sexual intercourse 5
indicates that ovulation has taken
days before and 5 days
day of the rise of temperature is c
after
the day of ovulation.
the
day
of
ovulation, i.e, which is the
Standard Days Method
This method is applicable for w
fourteenth day after the
(SDM).
menstrual cycles between 26 to 32
first day of bleeding.
must avoid unprotected sexual
between days 8 to 19. It can be car
The different types of
two methods:
methods mentioned in the
next column
help to
(i)
Conventional: Keep tra
determine the time of
long your menstrual c
ovulation.
order to determine wh
through 19 occur. (i) Wh
day of your period arri
Day1 of your cycle. Ma
your calendar. (ii) Betw
and Day 7, it is highly u
you will become pregna
safe
to
participate
intercourse without u
control. (iii) Between D
Day 19, you are most li
pregnant. You and yo
should abstain from s
should use an alterna
birth control, such as
(iv)
Between Day 20 a
are unlikely to get pregn
Lactational
Method (LAM)
Amenorrhoea
This method makes use of brea
temporary family planning method
months after delivery. This meth
under the following conditions : (i)
not menstruating (ii) She is fully br
infant, which means that the child
other feed except for mother’s milk
MALE CONDOM
The technique of correct usage of a
as follows: (i)One should ensur
packet is in good condition and
expiry date (ii) The condom p
A male condom is a sheath made to fit over a man’s erect
penis. Most Condoms are made of latex rubber.
opened at one corner being careful
the condom with the fingernails, te
being too rough. (iii) The rolled
placed over the tip of the hard pen
condom has to be rolled all the w
the base of the penis, smoothing
bubbles as this can cause condom
(v) A space of atleast half an inch
left at the tip of the condom for th
accumulate.(vi) extra lubrication,
applied on the outside of the c
water-based lubricant (such as K
available at all leading chemist sho
always be used . Oil-based lubrica
vaseline /baby oil/coconut oil sho
used since it will cause the latex to
The correct technique in using
condom is as follows: (i)The packe
opened carefully. A position should
FEMALE CONDOM
that is comfortable for insertion -
raising one leg, sitting or lying do
The female condom is a polyurethane sheath or pouch about 17
cm (6.5 inches) in length. It is worn by a woman during sex. It
entirely lines the vagina. At each end of the condom there is a
flexible ring. At the closed end of the sheath, the flexible ring is
inserted into the vagina to hold the female condom in place. At the
other open end of the sheath, the ring stays outside the vulva at the
entrance to the vagina.
inner ring is squeezed
with t
middle finger (so it becomes
narrow), and then inserted into
opening.(iii)
The index finger
placed inside the condom and the
should be pushed as far as it will g
must make sure that the condom
straight, and is not twisted inside
The outer ring should remain on
of the vagina.(v) The penis is guid
condom in order to ensure that the
not slip into the vagina outside the
COMBINED
ORAL
(a) 28 pill package : The first pill h
CONTRACEPTIVE PILLS
taken on the 5th day of the menstr
The pill contains a combination of two hormones- oestrogen
and a progesterone , taken by females by mouth to inhibit
normal fertility.
,counting the first day of bleeding a
of the menstrual period. The first 2
contain the hormones while the last
contain iron.

The tablets are taken from t
where START is written.

One pill is taken everyday a
time for 21 days.

This is followed by intake of
pills During this time one’s
period occurs.

Start with a new pack again
iron pills are consumed.
(b) 21 pill package: The first 21 pill
as for the 28 day package. After she
last pill from the packet, she should
days and then start with a new pack
PROGESTIN
ONLY
DMPA. depot is injected every 3 m
INJECTABLE
NET-EN is injected every 2 month
CONTRACEPTIVE
injections are given in the buttocks
Progestin only injectables injections containing a hormone
known as progesteron. They are available in two varieties:
DMPA (Depot Medroxy Progesterone Acetate) and NET-EN
(Norethidrone enanthate)
INTRAUTERINE
DEVICE
The ideal time for insertion of an IU
(IUD)
follows:
An intrauterine device, called an IUD for short, is a small, plastic,

Any time during menstrual
T-shaped device with a string attached to the end. The IUD is
within first 12 days after the
placed inside the uterus to prevent pregnancy. Once in place, the
menstrual bleeding.
IUD stays in your uterus until your doctor removes it.

After child birth / abortion :
within 24 hours after childb
There are two different types of IUDs
The doctor or nurse first perform a
examination and then pass an instr
(i)
Copper bearing IUDs- These contain a copper
assess the size of the uterus. After t
wire inserted inside a plastic tube. Include Cu-T
is then fitted into the uterus.
380A, MLCu-375.
(ii)
Hormone releasing IUDs : These are made of
plastic and contain small amounts of hormone
progesterone. Include Levonorgestrol , LNG-20
and Progestasert
Emergency contraceptive measures
taken within the first 72 hours after
EMERGENCY
unprotected sexual intercourse. Ho
CONTRACEPTION
advisable to take it soon after unpr
sex.
Emergency contraception, or emergency birth control, is used
to help keep a woman from getting pregnant after she has had
There
unprotected sex (sex without using birth control).
contraception:
are
i.
two
types
of
Emergency contrace
(ECPs)
Pills containing a compound
Levonrgestrel in a dose of 0.75 m
for use as emergency contraceptio
is taken soon (or within 72 ho
unprotected sexual intercourse an
pill has to be taken 12 hours later.
ii.
Intrauterine devices (
The IUD is a T-shaped, plastic de
into the uterus (womb) by a doc
three days after unprotected sex
There are 2 methods of tub
done under local or spinal anes
FEMALE STERILIZATION
Female sterilization is a surgical sterilization technique for
i.
A
minilaparotomy
making a small inci
women. This procedure closes the fallopian tubes, and stops
abdomen, locating
the egg from traveling to the uterus from the ovary. It also
and cutting and clo
prevents sperm from reaching the fallopian tube to fertilize an
off.
egg.
ii.
A laparoscopic tub
involves making a sm
in the abdominal
inserting a fiberopti
an instrument that
fallopian tubes with
current or puts a clip
band around the en
tube.
MALE
STERILIZATION
A vasectomy is usually don
(VASECTOMY)
outpatient procedure . The do
small opening (an incision) on
the scrotum and pulls out par
A vasectomy is an operation that make a man permanently
deferens on that side. A smal
unable to get a woman pregnant. It involves cutting the 2
the vas deferens is removed. T
tubes inside the scrotum called vas deferens so that sperm can
the vas deferens will be sealed b
no longer get into the semen.
them shut. Similar procedure
on the opposite side.
Another method known as
Vasectomy (NSV) involves ma
small puncture (a hole) in th
instead of an incision. The pun
small that it heals without stitc