Reproduction and Genetics CHEAT SHEET




One Parent
Offspring is Identical to the parent
Examples:
Binary Fission
Budding
Receives genes from Two Parents
Genetic variation in offspring
Causes
Variation!
Fragmentation
Vs.
***No Variation!***
Asexual Reproduction
Sexual Reproduction
Disadvantages
Advantages
SELECTIVE BREEDING- When _____________ _________________organisms to breed to get desirable
traits. Possible because organisms have ________________________.
________________- Father of Genetics – the scientific study of __________________.
_____________- Passing of traits from parent to offspring.
_____________ - Different forms of the same gene
Dominant- Will _________ show trait when
present. (Rr, RR)
____________________- Combination of Alleles
Heterozygous- ________ ________ Ex: ____
Parents ______ X ________
Recessive- Will only show when
_________________________________ (rr)
________________________ - Physical trait
Homozygous- _________ ________ Ex: ____ or ____
Parents ______ X ________
Percent with blue eyes _____
Percent with brown eyes ______
Percent with blue eyes _____
Percent with brown eyes _____
Phenotypic Ratio _________
Genotypic Ratio __________
Phenotypic Ratio _________
Genotypic Ratio __________
1. For each genotype below, indicate whether it is heterozygous (one dominant allele + on recessive
allele) or homozygous recessive (two recessive alleles) or homozygous dominant (two dominant
alleles). Heterozygous = H, Homozygous Recessive = HR, Homozygous Dominant = HD
AA ______
bb______ CC______
Dd_______
Ee _______
ff_______ GG______ hh ______
2. Circle the Genotypes above that would express a Dominant Trait.
3. For Each of the Genotypes below, determine the phenotypes that would be expressed
Big nose (N) is dominant to small nose (n)
Brown hair (B) is dominant to blond (b)
NN _______________
BB _______________
nn _______________
bb _______________
Nn _______________
Bb _______________
4.
5. For each Phenotype, give the possible genotype(s)
Straight hair (L) is dominant to Curly hair (l)
Cleft chin (T) is dominant to a non-cleft chin (t)
Straight _____________________
Curly ______________________
Cleft Chin ______________________
Non-cleft _______________________
6. Set up the Punnet square for each of the crosses listed below. Round seeds (R) are
dominant to wrinkled seeds (r).
Rr x rr
What percentage of the offspring will be round? ___
What is the phenotypic ratio? _________________
What is the genotypic ratio? __________________
RR x rr
What percentage of the offspring will be round? ___
What is the phenotypic ratio? _________________
What is the genotypic ratio? __________________
7. In pea plants purple flowers are dominant to white flowers.
If two white flowered plants are cross, what percentage of their offspring will be white flowered?
______________
8.
A white flowered plant is crossed with a plant that is heterozygous for the trait.
What percentage of the offspring will have purple flowers?___________
What percent will have white flowers? ___________
9. Show how two purple flowers can cross and have offspring that have offspring with white
flowers.
What genotype would both parents need to be? _______ and _____
What percent of the offspring would have white flowers? ________