Mutations Homework
Name:
Date:
Start with the transcription and translation of the following normal gene. Then observe the results of MUTATIONS
DNA:
T A C A C G G T C T C G G G A C T T C G A T C G A T C
mRNA:
Amino:
Acids
1. A point mutation occurs when the second G is substituted with a T.
DNA:
T A C A C G T T C T C G G G A C T T C G A T C G A T C
mRNA:
Amino
Acids
a. What was the result in the formed protein? (example: hasn’t changed, one amino acid changed, protein changed
so much it won’t form correctly)
b. Is this an example of a nonsense (doesn’t make any sense at all anymore), a missense (part of it doesn’t make
sense and it might work ok), or frameshift mutation (bases had to move to make room for an insertion or deletion)?
2. An insertion occurred between the fifth and sixth codons when two new nucleotides were inserted.
DNA:
T A C A C G G T C T C G G G A C T T
G
mRNA:
Amino
Acids
a. What is the result in the formed protein?
b. Is this an example of a nonsense, a missense, or frameshift mutation?
C
C G A T C G A T C
3. A deletion occurs and takes out the second codon.
DNA:
T A C A C G G T C T C G G G A C T T C G A T C G A T C
mRNA:
Amino
Acids
a. What is the result in the formed protein?
b. Is this an example of a nonsense, a missense, or a frameshift mutation?
4. The following is a compilation of a substitution, insertion, and a deletion.
DNA:
T A C
A T T T C G G G A C T C G T T C G A T C G A T C
mRNA:
Amino
Acids
a. What is the result in the formed protein?
b. Is this an example of a nonsense, a missense, or a frameshift mutation?
5. What is the relationship between a mutation in the DNA and the protein that is formed? Think about this in
terms of the central Dogma of Biology. Your answer should be a short paragraph!