Name: _________________________________________________________ Date: ____________________________ Per. _________ Pg. ___
Heat and Energy on Earth____
radiation
The transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves (energy emitted
and absorbed by charged particles- photons).
Radiation can transfer energy between objects that are not
touching each other.
Ex: sun, hot burner, camp fire
infrared
radiation
Most of the warmth that comes from the sun is infrared. You can
feel it, but not see it.
Name: _________________________________________________________ Date: ____________________________ Per. _________ Pg. ___
Heat and Energy on Earth____
Where does
radiation
occur on
Earth?
1. some reflected and scattered by Earth’s atmosphere
2. absorbed by atmosphere, geosphere (land), hydrosphere (water)
where changed to thermal energy
3. reradiated into Earth’s systems or out into space.
convection
Transfer of energy where matter moves due to a difference in
density.
Remember in warmer substances the particles have more energy
and move farther apart (less dense), while substances with less
energy have the particles move closer together (more dense).
(thermal expansion)
Warm - more energy less dense RISES
Cool - less energy more dense SINKS
convection
current
Thermal expansion causes warmer substances to become less dense
which is forced up by surrounding, colder matter that is more
dense and sinking. Hot matter rises, cools and then becomes more
dense and sinks. The cycling of warm rising, cooling and then
sinking is a convection current. Usually happens in water and air,
Name: _________________________________________________________ Date: ____________________________ Per. _________ Pg. ___
Heat and Energy on Earth____
but can also happen in solids.
Where
convection
currents occur
on Earth
1. Convection currents occur in the AIR when warm air rises and is
replaced by cold, sinking currents. Cold air is warmed by the land
and the cycle starts over Atmosphere
Name: _________________________________________________________ Date: ____________________________ Per. _________ Pg. ___
Heat and Energy on Earth____
2. Convection currents occur in the OCEAN due to differences in
density caused by temperature or salinity (amount of salt)
Hydrosphere
3. Convection currents INSIDE THE EARTH. Heated rock in the
mantle rises toward the cooler rock near the crust which sinks
because of increased density. Transfer energy from Earth’s core to
Earth’s surface.
Geosphere
Name: _________________________________________________________ Date: ____________________________ Per. _________ Pg. ___
Heat and Energy on Earth____
Name: _________________________________________________________ Date: ____________________________ Per. _________ Pg. ___
Heat and Energy on Earth____
conduction
Transfer of energy from one object to another
through direct contact.
Faster moving particles of the warmer substance
transfer energy to the slower moving particles in the
cooler object.
Warm faster moving
Where
conduction
occurs on
Earth
cooler slower moving
1. Between geosphere (land) and atmosphere within a few cm of
Earth’s surface
2. Between particles of air and particles of water to evaporate
water or to condense water.
3. Inside Earth energy transfers between rock particles, but rock is a
very poor conductor.
click here
Name: _________________________________________________________ Date: ____________________________ Per. _________ Pg. ___
Heat and Energy on Earth____
Name: _________________________________________________________ Date: ____________________________ Per. _________ Pg. ___
Heat and Energy on Earth____
click here
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VOk0KuU_m4M You Tube
http://www.wisc-online.com/Objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID=sce304
Name: _________________________________________________________ Date: ____________________________ Per. _________ Pg. ___
Heat and Energy on Earth____
This is the same animation as the top link, but in a different format
http://www.teachersdomain.org/asset/lsps07_int_heattransfer/
This website gives some examples of demos to do
http://www.powersleuth.org/docs/EHM%20Lesson%205%20FT.pdf
Useful links
http://www.scilinks.org/Harcourt_Hsp/HspStudentRetrieve.aspx?Code=HSP607
http://ww.wisc-online.com/Objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID=sce304