bbb1447-sup-0001-AppendixS1

advertisement

10

11

12

8

9

6

7

4

5

1

2

3

Supporting Information

Effects of co-produced biochar on life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of pyrolysis-derived renewable fuels

Zhichao Wang, Jennifer B. Dunn*, Jeongwoo Han, Michael Q. Wang

Systems Assessment Section, Energy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory

9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, United States

*Corresponding author. Email: jdunn@anl.gov

; Tel: 1-630-252-4667.

1

*Corresponding author. Email: jdunn@anl.gov

; Tel: 1-630-252-4667.

Table S1. Data sources for carbon content of biochar obtained from different feedstocks at different temperatures as shown in Figure 2.

Feedstock Carbon content of biochar (%) Data source

Wood

Corn stover

Bagasse

70

72

70-80

69

73

62-83

84

78

68-72

87

58-85

60-70

48-57

74

57

25-66

62-82

60-71

63

45-63

74-76

56-72

87

65-74

71

78

75

61

77

73

76

78

68-75

85

72

73

73

66-85

86

18

29

30

31

25

26

27

28

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

12

13

14

15

16

17

8

9

10

11

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Other grasses

53-64

68

38

39

S1

83

66-84

86

55-84

52

40

41

42

43

44

Table S2. Literature values for biochar influence on soil N

2

O and CH

4

emissions. A negative value indicates an emissions increase.

Parameter

N

2

O emissions

CH

4 emissions

Value (%)

0-51

41-84

36-66

31-61

-7-53

51-77

50-70

34-54

96

-5-53

-57-(-46)

51-91 n.s.

-400-358

-7

-153-3

10

29

32

40

45

50

51

52

47

48

49

50

Data source

20

25

45

46 n.s.- not significant.

S2

References

1.

Asai H, Samson BK, Stephan HM, Songyikhangsuthor K, Homma K, Kiyono, Y, et al.,

Biochar amendment techniques for upland rice production in Northern Laos 1. Soil physical properties, leaf SPAD and grain yield. Field Crops Research 111 (1-2): 81-84

(2009).

2.

Briggs C, Breiner JM and Graham RC, Physical and chemical properties of pinus ponderosa charcoal: Implications for soil modification. Soil Science 177 (4): 263-268

(2012).

3.

Clough TJ, Bertram JE, Ray JL, Condron LM, O'Callaghan M, Sherlock RR, et al.,

Unweathered wood biochar impact on nitrous oxide emissions from a bovine-urineamended pasture soil. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.

74 (3): 852-860 (2010).

4.

Deal C, Brewer CE, Brown RC, Okure MAE and Amoding A, Comparison of kilnderived and gasifier-derived biochars as soil amendments in the humid tropics. Biomass

Bioenergy 37 : 161-168 (2012).

5.

Dempster DN, Jones DL and Murphy DV, Organic nitrogen mineralisation in two contrasting agro-ecosystems is unchanged by biochar addition. Soil Bio. Biochem.

48: 47-

50 (2012).

6.

Doydora SA, Cabrera ML, Das KC, Gaskin JW, Sonon LS, Miller WP, Release of nitrogen and phosphorus from poultry litter amended with acidified biochar. Int. J.

Environ. Res. Public Health 8 (5):1491-1502 (2011).

S3

7.

Gaskin JW, Speir RA, Harris K, Das KC, Lee RD, Morris LA, et al., Effect of peanut hull and pine chip biochar on soil nutrients, corn nutrient status, and yield. Agron. J.

102 (2):

623-633 (2010).

8.

Graber ER, Harel YM, Kolton M, Cytryn E, Silber A, David DR, et al., Biochar impact on development and productivity of pepper and tomato grown in fertigated soilless media. Plant Soil 337 (1-2), 481-496 (2010).

9.

Jones DL, Rousk J, Edwards-Jones G, DeLuca TH and Murphy DV, Biochar-mediated changes in soil quality and plant growth in a three year field trial. Soil Bio. Biochem . 45 :

113-124 (2012).

10.

Karhu K, Mattila T, Bergstrom I and Regina K, Biochar addition to agricultural soil increased CH4 uptake and water holding capacity - Results from a short-term pilot field study. Agric., Ecosyst. Environ.

140 (1-2), 309-313 (2011).

11.

Keith A, Singh B and Singh BP, Interactive priming of biochar and labile organic matter mineralization in a smectite-rich soil. Environ. Sci. Technol . 45 (22): 9611-9618 (2011).

12.

Kimetu JM and Lehmann J, Stability and stabilisation of biochar and green manure in soil with different organic carbon contents. Aust. J. Soil Res.

48 (6-7): 577-585 (2010).

13.

Laird DA, Fleming P, Davis DD, Horton R, Wang BQ and Karlen DL, Impact of biochar amendments on the quality of a typical Midwestern agricultural soil. Geoderma , 158 (3-

4): 443-449 (2010).

14.

Major J, Rondon M, Molina D, Riha SJ and Lehmann J, Maize yield and nutrition during

4 years after biochar application to a Colombian savanna oxisol. Plant Soil , 333 (1-2):

117-128 (2010).

S4

15.

Novak JM, Busscher WJ, Watts DW, Amonette JE, Ippolito JA, Lima IM, et al., Biochars impact on soil-moisture storage in an Ultisol and two Aridisols. Soil Science 177 (5): 310-

320 (2012).

16.

Pereira RC, Kaal J, Arbestain MC, Lorenzo RP, Aitkenhead W, Hedley M, et al.,

Contribution to characterization of biochar to estimate the labile fraction of carbon. Org.

Geochem . 42 (11): 1331-1342 (2011).

17.

Prendergast-Miller MT, Duval M and Sohi SP, Localisation of nitrate in the rhizosphere of biochar-amended soils. Soil Bio. Biochem.

43 (11): 2243-2246 (2011).

18.

Rajkovich S, Enders A, Hanley K, Hyland C, Zimmerman AR and Lehmann J, Corn growth and nitrogen nutrition after additions of biochars with varying properties to a temperate soil. Bio. Fertil. Soils 48 (3): 271-284 (2012).

19.

Rogovska N, Laird D, Cruse R, Fleming P, Parkin T and Meek D, Impact of Biochar on

Manure Carbon Stabilization and Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.

75 (3):

871-879 (2011).

20.

Singh BP, Hatton BJ, Singh B, Cowie AL and Kathuria A, Influence of biochars on nitrous oxide emission and nitrogen leaching from two contrasting soils. J. Environ.

Qual.

39 (4): 1224-1235 (2010).

21.

Singh B, Singh BP and Cowie AL, Characterisation and evaluation of biochars for their application as a soil amendment. Aust. J. Soil Res.

48 (6-7): 516-525 (2010).

22.

Streubel JD, Collins HP, Garcia-Perez M, Tarara J, Granatstein D and Kruger CE, influence of contrasting biochar types on five soils at increasing rates of application. Soil

Sci. Soc. Am. J.

75 (4): 1402-1413 (2011).

S5

23.

Taghizadeh-Toosi A, Clough TJ, Sherlock RR and Condron LM, Biochar adsorbed ammonia is bioavailable. Plant Soil 350 (1-2): 57-69 (2012).

24.

Vaccari FP, Baronti S, Lugato E, Genesio L, Castaldi S, Fornasier F, et al., Biochar as a strategy to sequester carbon and increase yield in durum wheat. Eur. J. Agron.

34 (4):

231-238 (2011).

25.

Van Zwieten L, Kimber S, Downie A, Morris S, Petty S, Rust J, et al, A glasshouse study on the interaction of low mineral ash biochar with nitrogen in a sandy soil. Aust. J. Soil

Res . 48 (6-7): 569-576 (2010).

26.

Warnock DD, Mummey DL, McBride B, Major J, Lehmann J and Rillig MC, Influences of non-herbaceous biochar on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal abundances in roots and soils: Results from growth-chamber and field experiments. Applied Soil Ecology 46 (3):

450-456 (2010).

27.

Zavalloni C, Alberti G, Biasiol S, Delle Vedove G, Fornasier F, Liu J, et al., Microbial mineralization of biochar and wheat straw mixture in soil: A short-term study. Applied

Soil Ecology 50 : 45-51 (2011).

28.

Zimmerman AR, Gao B and Ahn MY, Positive and negative carbon mineralization priming effects among a variety of biochar-amended soils. Soil Bio.Biochem.

43 (6):

1169-1179 (2011).

29.

Feng YZ, Xu YP, Yu YC, Xie ZB and Lin XG, Mechanisms of biochar decreasing methane emission from Chinese paddy soils. Soil Bio. Biochem.

46 : 80-88 (2012).

30.

Fuertes AB, Arbestain MC, Sevilla M, Macia-Agullo JA, Fiol S, Lopez R, et al.,

Chemical and structural properties of carbonaceous products obtained by pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonisation of corn stover. Aust. J. Soil Res.

48 (6-7): 618-626 (2010).

S6

31.

Mullen CA, Boateng AA, Goldberg NM, Lima IM, Laird DA and Hicks KB, Bio-oil and bio-char production from corn cobs and stover by fast pyrolysis. Biomass Bioenergy

34 (1): 67-74 (2010).

32.

Spokas KA and Reicosky DC, Impacts of sixteen different biochars on soil greenhouse gas production . Ann. Environ. Sci.

3: 179-193 (2009).

33.

Sun H, Hockaday WC, Masiello CA and Zygourakis K, Multiple controls on the chemical and physical structure of biochars . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

51 (9): 3587-3597

(2012).

34.

Bonelli PR, Nunell G, Fernandez ME, Buonomo EL and Cukierman AL, The potential applications of the bio-char derived from the pyrolysis of an agro-industrial waste.

Effects of temperature and acid-pretreatment. Energy Sources Part a-Recovery

Utilization and Environmental Effects 34 (5-8): 746-755 (2012).

35.

Chen Y, Shinogi Y andTaira M, Influence of biochar use on sugarcane growth, soil parameters, and groundwater quality. Aust. J. Soil Res . 48 (6-7): 526-530 (2010).

36.

Cross A and Sohi SP, The priming potential of biochar products in relation to labile carbon contents and soil organic matter status. Soil Bio. Biochem . 43 (10): 2127-2134

(2011).

37.

Inyang M, Gao B, Pullammanappallil P, Ding WC and Zimmerman AR, Biochar from anaerobically digested sugarcane bagasse. Bioresour.Technol.

101 (22): 8868-8872

(2010).

38.

Zimmerman, A.R. 2010. Abiotic and Microbial Oxidation of Laboratory-Produced Black

Carbon (Biochar). Environ.l Sci. Technol. 44 (4), 1295-1301.

S7

39.

Ding Y, Liu YX, Wu WX, Shi DZ, Yang M and Zhong ZK, Evaluation of biochar effects on nitrogen retention and leaching in multi-layered soil columns. Water Air Soil Pollut.

213 (1-4): 47-55 (2010).

40.

Liu YX, Yang M, Wu YM, Wang HL, Chen YX and Wu WX, Reducing CH4 and CO2 emissions from waterlogged paddy soil with biochar. J. Soils and Sediments 11 (6): 930-

939 (2011).

41.

Luo Y, Durenkamp M, De Nobili M, Lin Q and Brookes PC, Short term soil priming effects and the mineralisation of biochar following its incorporation to soils of different pH. Soil Bio Biochem.

43 (11): 2304-2314 (2011).

42.

Melligan F, Auccaise R, Novotny EH, Leahy JJ, Hayes MHB and Kwapinski W,

Pressurised pyrolysis of Miscanthus using a fixed bed reactor. Bioresour. Technol.

102 (3): 3466-3470 (2011).

43.

Novak JM, Busscher WJ, Laird DL, Ahmedna M, Watts DW and Niandou MAS, Impact of biochar amendment on fertility of a southeastern coastal plain soil. Soil Science,

174 (2): 105-112 (2009).

44.

Smith JL, Collins HP and Bailey VL, The effect of young biochar on soil respiration. Soil

Bio. Biochem . 42 (12): 2345-2347 (2010).

45.

Castaldi S, Riondino M, Baronti S, Esposito FR, Marzaioli R, Rutigliano FA,et al.,

Impact of biochar application to a Mediterranean wheat crop on soil microbial activity and greenhouse gas fluxes. Chemosphere, 85 (9): 1464-1471 (2011).

46.

Liu XY, Qu JJ, Li LQ, Zhang AF, Zheng JF, Zheng JW, et al., Can biochar amendment be an ecological engineering technology to depress N2O emission in rice paddies?-A

S8

cross site field experiment from South China. Ecological Engineering , 42 : 168-173

(2012).

47.

Taghizadeh-Toosi A, Clough TJ, Condron LM, Sherlock RR, Anderson CR, Craigie RA,

Biochar incorporation into pasture soil suppresses in situ nitrous oxide emissions from ruminant urine patches. J. Environ. Qual . 40 (2): 468-476 (2011).

48.

Wang JY, Zhang M, Xiong ZQ, Liu PL and Pan GX, Effects of biochar addition on N2O and CO2 emissions from two paddy soils. Biol. Fertil.Soils

47 (8): 887-896 (2011).

49.

Zhang AF, Cui LQ, Pan GX, Li LQ, Hussain Q, Zhang XH, et al., Effect of biochar amendment on yield and methane and nitrous oxide emissions from a rice paddy from Tai

Lake plain, China. Agric., Ecosyst. Environ . 139 (4): 469-475 (2010).

50.

Zhang AF, Bian RJ, Pan GX, Cui LQ, Hussain Q, Li LQ, et al., Effects of biochar amendment on soil quality, crop yield and greenhouse gas emission in a Chinese rice paddy: A field study of 2 consecutive rice growing cycles. Field Crops Research

127 :153-160 (2012).

51.

Scheer C, Grace PR, Rowlings DW, Kimber S and Van Zwieten L, Effect of biochar amendment on the soil-atmosphere exchange of greenhouse gases from an intensive subtropical pasture in northern New South Wales, Australia. Plant Soil 345 (1-2): 47-58

(2011).

52.

Zhang AF, Liu YM, Pan GX, Hussain Q, Li LQ, Zheng JW, et al., Effect of biochar amendment on maize yield and greenhouse gas emissions from a soil organic carbon poor calcareous loamy soil from Central China Plain. Plant Soil 351 (1-2): 263-275 (2012).

S9

Download