Round 9
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Questions by Philip Kidd
1. Also called trimethylxanthine (tri-meth-ill-zan-theen) when in its pure form, this
compound occurs as a white powder or silky needles. An alkaloid compound, it is
very soluble in hot water but less so in organic solvents. It is sometimes used as an
antidote to respiratory depression induced by drug overdose. FTP, identify this
compound found in guarana, cacao, kola nuts and coffee.
A. caffeine
2. This book features numerous humorous exploits of its subjects, including Pete Conrad
turning in a cup of thick brown jalapeno sauce as a stool sample and John Glenn
admonishing his fellow astronauts for womanizing. Most of the book is spent
describing the development of the early Mercury missions. FTP, identify this book
about the American space program, written by Tom Wolfe.
A. The Right Stuff
3. The inventor of this nitrogen-fixing process received the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in
1918. Another chemist received the Prize in 1931 for improving the procedure
through the use of iron based catalysts. These catalysts are used along with extremely
high pressures to combine atmospheric nitrogen with hydrogen. FTP, identify this
reaction, the most economically feasible method of producing ammonia.
A. Haber-Bosch Process (accept Haber ammonia process and prompt on
synthetic ammonia process)
4. It began in Meerut and then spread to Agra, Cawnpore, and Lucknow. Though the
event represented a general conflict between Hindu and Western values, its cause is
often given as the introduction of Enfield rifle cartridges containing lubricants made
form pig and cow lard. FTP, name this 1857-58 conflict between its namesake Indian
soldiers and the British, which resulted in the capture of Delhi but was eventually
suppressed.
A. Sepoy Rebellion or Sepoy Mutiny (prompt on Indian Mutiny)
5. This principle is a formulation of Coulomb’s law for special symmetry situations, and
depends on the creation of a surface containing a group of electric charges. It states
that permittivity constant multiplied by the electric flux over the surface equals the
net charge enclosed by the surface. FTP, identify this law, one of Maxwell’s
equations, named after the German mathematician and physicist that discovered it.
A. Gauss’s law
6. It was caused by Roman Catholic officials in Bohemia closing Protestant chapels
being constructed in the towns of Broumov and Hrob, violating the guarantees of
religious liberty laid down in the Letter of Majesty of Emperor Rudolf II. A Council
of Protestants was called in this event's namesake city, wherein the officials were
tried and subjected to this punishment. FTP, identify this event which set off a
Bohemian revolt that marked the beginning of the 30 Years War, in which three men
were thrown through a window in the capital of the present day Czech Republic.
A. Defenestration of Prague
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7. This novel is filled with typographical oddities, including numerous dots, dashes,
unfinished sentences, and a blank page on which the reader is asked to write his own
description of the Widow Wadman. It is intended to be a biography of the title
character, but it never gets beyond the first few years of his life, due to the profusion
of irrelevant tangents and discussions of the character’s opinions. FTP, identify this
multiple volume novel written by Laurence Stern.
A. The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman
8. This city was founded over 2,500 years ago by the Greeks, and was conquered in the
1st century B.C.E by the soldiers of Julius Caesar. It is now the capital of the
Bouches-du-Rhône (Boosh-doo-Rone) department, and is famous for bouillabaisse
and a game called pétanque (pay-tahnk). FTP, identify this city, the second largest in
France, which sits on the Mediterranean's Gulf of Lion.
A. Marseilles (Mar-say) or Massilia or Massalia
9. The subjects of this painting are three brothers, known in Roman mythology for their
victory in a battle with three other brothers to determine the superiority of Rome. The
painting shows the three brothers together, pointing at a fourth man who holds three
swords, and is typical of its artist’s static, theatrical style. FTP, name this huge
painting created by Jacques Louis David in 1784.
A. Oath of the Horatii
10. A major component of this geographical feature is a sandstone-shale band called
flyssh. From the Danube Gap, near Bratislava, Slovakia, these mountains swing in a
wide crescent- shaped arc some 900 miles long to near Orsova, Romania, at the
portion of the Danube River valley called the Iron Gate. FTP, name this mountain
range, an eastern extension of the Alps, which surrounds the Transylvanian Plateau.
A. Carpathians
11. The words of this oratorio are taken from a similarly named medieval manuscript
written in Latin, Middle German, and Old French, which contains drinking songs,
serious and ribald love songs, religious poems, pastoral lyrics, and satires of the
church. The opening, O Fortuna, is a famous piece of music that is featured in the
movie Glory. FTP, identify this piece of music written in 1937 by Carl Orff.
A. Carmina Burana
12. This mythological hero is known as the leader of the Fianna, an elite group warriors
and huntsmen who are also skilled in poetry. A poem attributed to him is written in
The Book of the Dun Cow. Legend says that he was a descendant of the Druids, and
gained his wisdom by tasting the salmon of knowledge. FTP, name this man, the
center of the Fenian cycle and a hero of Irish mythology.
A. Finn MacCool or Finn MacCumhail
13. The underlying equation of this economic theory is MV=PQ, where M is the money
supply, V is the velocity of turnover of money, P is the average price of a good, and
Q is the quantity of the good. Thus, money supply is directly related to prices,
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production, and employment. FTP, identify this theory that became influential in the
70’s and 80’s after the decline of Keynesian economics and was created mainly by
Milton Friedman.
A. Monetarism
14. This man’s law is a systematic formulation of patterns recognized earlier by Danish
philologist Rasmus Kristian Rask. It describes regular consonant shifts between
Germanic and other Indo-European languages of Europe and western Asia, and is
important because it demonstrates that sound change is a regular phenomenon and not
a random process affecting only some words. FTP, name this man, better known for
writing, along with his brother Wilhelm, a famous collection of fairy tales.
A. Jacob Ludwig Carl Grimm
15. The title character of this song vacuums the turf at SkyDome, works at the Pizza
Pizza, and drives the zamboni for the Leafs. The song makes a case for laissez-faire
economics and alludes to a novel by Mark Twain about Edward VI and Tom Canty.
FTP, name this Moxy Fruvous song about a former monarch living in Canada, whose
title character probably isn’t Juan Carlos I.
A. King of Spain
16. The name of these official messages comes from the lead seals depicting the heads of
the apostles Peter and Paul traditionally affixed to them. They have been used to
announce canonizations of saints, dogmatic pronouncements, Henry VIII's
dispensation to marry Catherine of Aragon, the restoration of the Society of Jesus in
1814, and the announcement on Dec. 25, 1961 of the forthcoming second Vatican
Council. FTP, give this term for an official letter or document from the Pope.
A. Papal Bull
17. He received his BS, MA, and Ph.D. in economics from New York University and was
a follower and friend of Ayn Rand. He entered public life as an advisor to Richard
Nixon, and continued to serve in various advisory capacities until he was nominated
to succeed Paul A. Volcker in 1987. FTP, name this man, a staunch advocate of
deregulation and balanced budgets, who was nominated for his 4th term as chairman
of the U.S. Federal Reserve.
A. Alan Greenspan
18. Its criteria include that aid must have an adequate secular purpose, and a primary
effect that neither advances nor inhibits religion, and the government must not be
excessively entangled with religious institutions in the administration of aid. FTP,
identify this test put forth by Chief Justice Warren Burger in 1971, which is still
invoked today in establishment of religion cases.
A. Lemon Test (accept Lemon v. Kurtzman)
19. He is now believed to be living in Budapest, due to tax violations in his 1992
rematch. His best known games are his defeats of Robert and Donald Byrne, each of
which was separately dubbed “the game of the century.” FTP, name this American,
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who defeated Boris Spassky in 1972 to become the youngest world chess champion
in history.
A. Robert James “Bobby” Fischer
20. An examination of Latin American history from a Marxist view, this 1945 collection
of poems by Pablo Neruda examines the alienation of the individual in modern
society. It alludes to the titular surroundings, making connections between the past
and one’s identity. FTP, identify this work inspired by a 1943 visit to Hiram
Bingham’s famous lost city.
A. The Heights of Macchu Picchu or Alturas de Macchu Picchu (Note: Machu
Picchu is misspelled, but Neruda spelled it thus.)
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Boni
1. Answer the following questions about trees, for ten points each.
- Pine trees are a member of this group of plants, which includes the division
Coniferophyta, Cycadophyta, Gingkophyta, and Gnetophyta. They possess seeds
but do not flower.
A. gymnosperms
- This is the other group of seed-bearing plants, which does possess flowers, and
includes palms and maple trees.
A. angiosperms
- Oaks are a member of this group within the angiosperm group, named for their
two seed leaves.
A. dicotyledons
2. Identify the following poems with birds in their titles, for ten points each.
- This poem by Edgar Allen Poe features the title bird sitting on a statue of Athena.
A. The Raven
- This poem by John Keats begins with the line “Thou wast not born for death,
immortal Bird!”
A. Ode to a Nightingale
- This poem is one of the most famous and one of the shortest works by Percy
Bysshe (Biss) Shelley.
A. To a Skylark
3. Identify these organic compounds, for ten points each.
- The structure of this compound with formula C6H6 was discovered by August
Kekule (Oh-goost Kek-yoo-lay) after having a dream about a snake biting its own
tail.
A. benzene
- This volatile ketone with formula CH3COCH3 is also known as propanone.
A. acetone (prompt on dimethyl ketone)
- This is the alcohol found in beverages such as beer and wine, it has formula
CH3CH2OH.
A. ethyl alcohol or ethanol
4. Answer these Questions about the Congress of Vienna, for ten points each.
- Name either of the years the congress was held in.
A. 1814 or 1815
- In the Agreement, the Dutch Republic and the Austrian Netherlands were united
under this royal house and known as simply "The Netherlands."
A. The House of Orange
- Ten days after the conference ended, Napoleon tried to upset the newly forged
Balance of Power yet again, but was given his final defeat at this battle by a
combined force of troops form the conference.
A. The Battle of Waterloo
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5. Pencil and paper ready. Answer the following questions about a circuit with a 20 volt
battery, with units, for ten points each.
- The circuit has three resistors in parallel, one 2 ohms, one 3, and one 6, which are
all in series with a 4 ohm resistor. What is the total resistance in the circuit?
A. 5 ohms
- How much current is flowing past the 4 ohm resistor?
A. 4 amperes
- How much voltage is dropped across the 3 ohm resistor?
A. 4 volts
6. Name the following industrialists, for ten points each.
- He owned the New York and Harlem Railroad, the Hudson River Railroad and
the New York Central Railroad and consolidated them in 1869, allowing him to
offer the first Chicago to New York rail service ever.
A. Cornelius Vanderbilt
- This man’s steel plants were the first to use the Bessemer process, and his skilled
management and other innovations allowed his eponymous steel company to
dominate the American steel industry by 1889.
A. Andrew Carnegie
- This “robber baron” is known mainly for his attempt to corner the gold market in
1869, causing a massive fall in gold prices and yet another scandal for the Grant
administration.
A. Jay Gould
7. Identify the following logical fallacies, for ten points each.
- This fallacy is committed when one makes a personal attack against someone
rather than offering evidence that disproves their argument.
A. ad hominem (prompt on “against the man”)
- Proving a thesis through the use of premises that presume the very thesis that is
to be demonstrated constitutes this fallacy.
A. circular argument or circulus in probando or petitio principii (prompt on
“begging the question”)
- This fallacy occurs when something is assumed to be the cause of something else
merely because it was antecedent in time.
A. post hoc, ergo propter hoc (prompt on “after this, therefore, because of this”)
8. Identify the author from a title given in its original language for ten points each, or
from the translation for five.
- 10: Vaina i Mir (Vie-nah ee Meer)
5: War and Peace
A. Leo Tolstoy
- 10: Huis Clos (Wee Kloh)
5: No Exit
A. Jean-Paul Sartre
- 10: Der Zauberberg (Dare Zow-ber-bearg)
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5: The Magic Mountain
A. Thomas Mann
9. Answer the following questions about ancient sculptures, for ten points each.
- These statues are among the earliest examples of Greek sculpture. They are
static and somewhat blocky human figures, usually with one foot slightly forward
and the artificial “Archaic smile.”
A. kouros or kore or korai or kouroi
- This statue’s depiction of an athlete is so realistic that Olympians use it even
today to study technique. It’s masterful illusion of motion is a major departure
from the kouroi.
A. Discobolus
- This man is the greatest of the 4th century Attic sculptures, and is best known for
his work “Hermes Carrying the Infant Dionysus.”
A. Praxiteles
10. Identify the following poems from lines, for ten points each.
- “O friends, silence these sounds!”
Let us sing more joyful songs,
Full of ever-growing cheer!”
A. Ode to Joy or An die Freude by Friedrich von Schiller
- “Theirs was not to reason why,
Theirs but to do and die.
Into the valley of Death
Rode the six hundred”
A. Charge of the Light Brigade by Alfred, Lord Tennyson
- “Twas brillig, and the slithy toves
Did gyre and gimble in the wabe”
A. The Jabberwock by Lewis Carroll or Charles Lutwidge Dodgson
11. Answer the following questions about Alaska, for ten points each.
- Give the capital
A. Juneau
- This island, one of over 11,000 in Alaska, shares its name with a kind of bear
found there.
A. Kodiak Island
- This mountain range covers the north of Alaska, stretching from the coast to the
border with the Yukon.
A. Brooks Range
12. Give the name of a modern country from its former, colonial name, for ten points
each.
- Southern Rhodesia
A. Republic of Zimbabwe
- Ceylon
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A. Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka
- Siam
A. Kingdom of Thailand
13. Identify the following photographers, for ten points each.
- The first significant American photographer, this man is known best fro his
portraits of Abraham Lincoln and his photographs of the Civil War.
A. Mathew B. Brady
- His largest accomplishments were gaining recognition of photography as an art
form in America, largely through his publication Camera Work, and supporting
many Modernist painters in through his gallery, “291.” He is probably best
known for his hundreds of portraits of his wife, Georgia O’Keeffe.
A. Alfred Stieglitz
- He made many advances in technical mastery of light, and he is known as one of
the greatest technical photographers in history, especially for his development of
the zone system and founding of “Group f.64.” He is notable for his mastery of
the light and sweep of landscape photographs, especially of mountains.
A. Ansel Adams
14. Answer the following questions about works of Enlightenment philosophy, for ten
points each.
- In this work defending the Glorious Revolution, John Locke expressed his ideas
about government through natural law and the consent of the governed.
A. Two Treatises on Government (prompt on First or Second Treatise on
Government)
- This novel by Rousseau describes his theories on the teaching of children through
the story of the upbringing of its title character according to what Rousseau calls
“principles of nature.”
A. Émile, ou L’Education
- This treatise on the principles and historical origins of legal systems shows the
ideas of its author, Charles de Montesquieu (Sharl de Mont-ess-kyoo), on the
importance of natural rights and separation of powers.
A. Concering the spirit of laws, or the relationship which laws must have to the
constitution of each government, to mores, religion, commerce, etc.
15. Answer these questions about experimental psychology, for ten points each.
- Ivan Pavlov trained dogs to salivate in response to a stimulus, such as the ringing
of a bell, that they had come to associate with food, developing this idea, which
states that when two stimuli are presented in an appropriate time and intensity
relationship, one of them will come to induce a response resembling that of the
other.
A. classical conditioning or respondent conditioning or stimulus substitution
- This psychologist believed that rigorous experimentation was the best way to
elucidate behavior, and is known for his invention of a box containing a lever or
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button for use in animal conditioning experiments, as well as his feat of training
pigeons to play table tennis.
A. Burrhus Frederic Skinner
- This famous experiment to study obedience to authority figures required subjects,
who believed they were participating in a study of the effects of pain on learning,
to administer a series of shocks of increasing intensity to a “learner,” who was
actually one of the experimenters and was never truly shocked.
A. Milgram experiment
16. Identify the following major works in the field of anthropology, for fifteen points
each.
- This classic work of social anthropology by Margaret Meade discusses
adolescent girls in a noncompetitive, permissive culture.
A. Coming of Age in Samoa
- This book by Sir James George Frazer undertakes a massive cross cultural
analysis in an effort to find archetypal elements in religious and magical
practices. Its title refers to the branch broken from the sacred tree by Aeneas
before his descent to the underworld.
A. The Golden Bough
17. For ten points each, answer these question about those all time classics: the Star Trek
movies.
- In Star Trek IV, Kirk and Spock are constantly annoyed by the inhabitants of 20th
century San Francisco. However, when someone is playing annoying music on
their bus, they decide not to take it anymore and subdue him with this patented
Trek technique.
A. Vulcan nerve pinch (prompt on partial answer, accept Vulcan neck pinch
with obvious discomfort)
- In Star Trek VI, Kirk’s Shakespeare-quoting nemesis General Chang is played by
this star of The Sound of Music.
A. Christopher Plummer
- In Star Trek II, the superman Khan Noonien Singh escapes from the crashs ite of
his spacecraft and captures this ship in his efforts to steak the Genesis device.
A. USS Reliant NCC-1864
18. On December 3rd, a long anticipated invention, which turned out to be a gyroscopestabilized, battery-powered motor scooter, was unveiled. Answer these questions
about it, for ten points each.
- Give either of the two codenames used for the invention until its unveiling.
A. IT or Ginger
- Give the invention’s official name.
A. Segway Human Transporter
- Name its inventor, who holds roughly 100 U.S. patents. His other inventions
include a wheelchair that climbs stairs and the first portable kidney dialysis
machine.
A. Dean Kamen
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19. Answer the following questions about the rules of board games, for ten points each.
- In chess, pawns are only allowed to move two squares on the first move if they
are not avoiding capture. If a player does try to avoid capture in this manner,
than this kind of a capture of the offending pawn is allowed.
A. en passante (ehn pahss-ahnt)
- In Risk, control of every territory on the Asian continent results in this many
additional armies per turn.
A. 7
- In the game of Clue, this is the name of the victim of the murder the game
players attempt to solve.
A. Mr. Body
20. Identify these clauses from the U.S. Constitution, for ten points each.
- This clause in Article I, Section 8, gives Congress the power to make laws that
carry out the powers given to it by the Constitution.
A. necessary and proper clause
- This clause in Article 6, Section 2 was used in the Supreme Court case
McCulloch v. Maryland to resolve a conflict between federal and state law, with
federal law taking precedence.
A. supremacy clause
- This clause in Article 4, Section 1 requires that all states honor “public acts,
records, and judicial proceedings” from all the other states.
A. full faith and credit clause
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Tie Breaker Tossups
T1. Warning: two answers required. Some of the provisions of these laws passed to
provide wartime security in an expected conflict with France include raising the waiting
period for naturalization to 14 years and banning the inciting of opposition to acts of
Congress. They were supported by most people, but some, most notably James Madison
and Thomas Jefferson, objected to them on Constitutional grounds. FTP, identify these
laws passed in 1798 designed to prevent opposition to the government by eliminating
political dissenters, especially immigrants.
A. Alien and Sedition Acts
T2. This graph forms the only possible kind of orbit of an object as a result of a repulsive
force that varies as the inverse square of distance. It is formed when a plane intersects a
cone parallel to the cone’s axis. On a Cartesian plane, it is bounded by two perpendicular
asymptotes that intersect at the origin. FTP, identify this type of curve with equation
x2/a2 - y2/b2 = 1 (read: x squared over a squared minus y squared over b squared equals
1), a conic section with an eccentricity greater than 1.
A. hyperbola
T3. This epic theatre ballad-opera is unlike its inspiration in that it contains a bitter
assault on the bourgeoisie and capitalism, and is set in London nearly 200 years later. Its
music was written by Kurt Weill, a famous collaborator of its author. FTP, identify this
piece, based on John Gay’s The Beggar’s Opera and written by Bertolt Brecht.
A. The Threepenny Opera
Tie Breaker Boni
B1. Identify these Hindu Gods, for ten points each.
- This god has had nine avatars so far, including Buddha and a large fish, and is
expected to come back once more. His most famous avatar is Krishna,
prominently featured in the Bagavad Gita.
A. Vishnu
- This goddess's destructive nature was made famous in Indiana Jones and the
Temple of Doom. She is the heavenly consort of Shiva.
A. Kali or Durga or Parvati
- This is the elephant headed god of knowledge, usually depicted with a mouse
running around his feet and six arms.
A. Ganesh or Ganesa or Ganapati
B2. Answer the following questions about musical forms, for ten points each.
- This type of composition, which generally sets a soloist against an orchestral
ensemble, differs from a sonata in its more consistent use of the three movement
form and increased focus on dialogue between the soloist and orchestra.
A. concerto
- The movements of a concerto often end with one of these—an extended,
improvised flourish that can last as long as several minutes.
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A. cadenza
This is a composition free in form and inspiration, often for an instrumental
soloist, they are often used for instrumental elaboration of vocal music.
A. fantasia or fantasy or fancy
B1. Answer the following on Classical Japan, for ten points each.
- Beginning in the eight century, this period of Japanese history saw the first
establishment of a capital city, its namesake, and the exact translation of T’ang
government and culture, including Buddhism to Japan.
A. Nara
- Following the Nara period and lasting until twelfth century, it was during this era
that the Japanese developed their own culture, including a new writing system by
which the Tale of the Genji was written, and the establishment of the samurai
class.
A. Heian
- During the late Nara and Early Heian ages, this family became the first to
centralize authority around the office of emperor, and effectively ruled Japan for
nearly four centuries.
A. Fujiwara
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