Literature Review
CE 142/Dr. Schaad
Group: Bolivia Bridge
Trisha Lowe, Anna Sleeter, Nick Menchel, Ed Finley
Culverts
A Better Design For Box Culverts?
by Kornel Kerenyi, J. Sterling Jones, Kevin Goeden, Richard Phillips, and Paul
Oien, September/October 2005, http://www.tfhrc.gov/pubrds/05sep/07.htm
This is a look at a study done by the South Dakota DOT on the effect of inlet
geometry on the flow of water through precast and cast-in-place concrete box
culverts.
Load Performance of In Situ Corrugated Steel Highway CulvertsJ. Perf. Constr. Fac.
Volume 23, Issue 1, pp. 32-39 (January/February 2009)
Issue Date: January/February 2009
This examines a study of 39 in-service corrugated steel culverts in Ohio of
varying sizes. The strains of the culverts resulting from the dynamic and static loads of
trucks driving across the bridges were experimentally obtained. The researchers look for
a correlation between backfill height and loading conditions and the strain induced.
Structural analysis and design : bridges, culverts, and pipes (book)
Transportation research record, 0361-1981 ; 1624
Culvert distress and failure case histories and trenchless technology (book)
Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press, 1994.
Analysis, design, and behavior of underground culverts (book)
Washington, D.C. : Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, 1989.
Structural design manual for improved inlets and culverts (book)
[Washington, D.C.] : U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration ;
Springfield, Va. : National Technical Information Service [distributor], 1983.
JOURNAL OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE ENGINEERING-ASCE 134 (6): 831839 NOV-DEC 2008
“Entrance Loss Coefficients and Inlet Control Head-Discharge Relationships for
Buried-Invert Culverts”
http://www.uq.edu.au/~e2hchans/mel_culv.html
Hydraulics of Minimum Energy Loss (MEL) culverts and bridge waterways
http://www.habitat.adfg.alaska.gov/images2/culvertexample.jpg
good picture
http://stream.fs.fed.us/fishxing/case/Consumes/index.html
small river case study from California
AIR FORMED ARCH CULVERT CONSTRUCTION Washington County
http://www.iowadot.gov/operationsresearch/reports/reports_pdf/hr_and_tr/reports/hr313.
pdf
Culvert construction in Iowa
Completion Report, Squaw Creek Culvert
Fish Passage Improvement Project, Squaw Creek, Little Salmon River Subbasin
North Central Idaho
http://www.usbr.gov/pn/programs/fcrps/thp/srao/littlesalmon/completion/sqawcrkculvert.pdf
detailed day by day account of construction
http://www.lmnoeng.com/CircularCulvert.htm
jackpot website. Culvert design…
http://isddc.dot.gov/OLPFiles/FHWA/012545.pdf
US DOT, Federal Highway Administration, “Hydraulic Design Series No.
5- Hydraulic Design of Highway Culverts.” (addtl link:
www.fhwa.dot.gov/engineering/hydraulics/library_arc.cfm?pub_number=7&id=13)
http://www.fsl.orst.edu/geowater/FX3/help/7_Culvert_Basics/Culvert_Materials_and_Co
nstruction.htm
“Culvert Materials and Construction.” (as well as “Culvert Shapes”)
http://www.oxfordplasticsinc.com/culvertpipe.htm
“Plastic Culvert Pipe Using Polyethylene”
http://scitation.aip.org/getpdf/servlet/GetPDFServlet?filetype=pdf&id=JIDEDH0001240
00005000271000001&idtype=cvips&prog=normal
Includes lots of the necessary calculations for culvert design
http://scitation.aip.org/getpdf/servlet/GetPDFServlet?filetype=pdf&id=JPCFEV0000210
00004000264000001&idtype=cvips&prog=normal
Explains development of minimum energy loss culverts and examples in Australia
(written by same person as book referenced in Other/Combo section)
http://www.deldot.gov/information/pubs_forms/manuals/bridge_design/pdf/bdm-07culvert-design.pdf
From the Delaware Department of Transportation, describes several types of
culverts and includes diagrams
http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?vinst=PROD&attempt=1&fmt=6&startpage=1&ver=1&vname=PQD&RQT=309&did=733932201&exp=01-182014&scaling=FULL&vtype=PQD&rqt=309&cfc=1&TS=1232418773&clientId=15020
Doctoral dissertation about large span culverts (it’s around 460 pages, but based
on the table of contents there are definitely some sections that may be helpful)
http://apps.isiknowledge.com/full_record.do?product=WOS&search_mode=Refine&qid=
19&SID=2C3JdFM8lK4bNed9IdK&page=1&doc=2&cacheurlFromRightClick=no
“Finite Element Study of Stability of Corroded Metal Culverts.” Talks about
corrosion in steel culverts- may be useful
http://apps.isiknowledge.com/full_record.do?product=WOS&search_mode=Refine&qid=
19&SID=2C3JdFM8lK4bNed9IdK&page=1&doc=4&cacheurlFromRightClick=no
“Field performance and analysis of 3-m-diameter induced trench culvert under a
19.4-m soil cover.” A lot of soil cover, but it’s a trench culvert, and may also give us an
idea about how a culvert handles large loads.
http://apps.isiknowledge.com/full_record.do?product=WOS&search_mode=Refine&qid=
19&SID=2C3JdFM8lK4bNed9IdK&page=1&doc=6&cacheurlFromRightClick=no
“Lin Au culvert, Hong Kong: taming the torrent.” Relevance: heavy quick storm
region.
http://apps.isiknowledge.com/full_record.do?product=WOS&search_mode=Refine&qid=
19&SID=2C3JdFM8lK4bNed9IdK&page=1&doc=9&cacheurlFromRightClick=no
“Field performance of high density polyethylene culvert pipe”
http://apps.isiknowledge.com/full_record.do?product=WOS&search_mode=Refine&qid=
19&SID=2C3JdFM8lK4bNed9IdK&page=1&doc=10&cacheurlFromRightClick=no
“Hydraulic design of a longitudinal culvert for lock filling and emptying
systems.” Relevance: Parts pertaining to In-Chamber Longitudinal Culvert System
(ILCS)
Basically, go to Web of Science and search culvert design, there are at least a million
more.
http://apps.isiknowledge.com/full_record.do?product=WOS&search_mode=Refine&qid=
19&SID=2C3JdFM8lK4bNed9IdK&page=2&doc=16&cacheurlFromRightClick=no
“Red River U-frame lock No 1 - Backfill-structure-foundation interaction” Might
be helpful because talks about designing using little soil property data, etc.
http://apps.isiknowledge.com/full_record.do?product=WOS&search_mode=Refine&qid=
19&SID=2C3JdFM8lK4bNed9IdK&page=2&doc=17&cacheurlFromRightClick=no
STRUCTURAL RESPONSE OF FULL-SCALE CONCRETE BOX CULVERT
http://apps.isiknowledge.com/full_record.do?product=WOS&search_mode=Refine&qid=
19&SID=2C3JdFM8lK4bNed9IdK&page=2&doc=18&cacheurlFromRightClick=no
PERFORMANCE OF DEEP-CORRUGATED STEEL BOX-TYPE CULVERT
http://apps.isiknowledge.com/full_record.do?product=WOS&search_mode=Refine&qid=
19&SID=2C3JdFM8lK4bNed9IdK&page=2&doc=19&cacheurlFromRightClick=no
STRUCTURAL EVALUATION OF BOX CULVERTS
http://apps.isiknowledge.com/full_record.do?product=WOS&search_mode=GeneralSear
ch&qid=29&SID=2C3JdFM8lK4bNed9IdK&page=1&doc=3&cacheurlFromRightClick
=no
Creating a hydrographic network from its cartographic representation: a case
study using Ordnance Survey MasterMap data
Trenches
http://www.ehow.com/how_2=054436_dig-trench.html
How To Dig a Trench. Well, duh, but maybe something useful?
http://www.gomestic.com/Home-Improvement/Trench-Digging-101.381859
Trench Digging 101
http://www.wikihow.com/Excavate-a-Trench
How to excavate a trench
http://www.easydigging.com/trenching_guide.html
Easy Digging Trenching Guide
Modeling Trench Sidewall and Bottom Flow in On-Site Wastewater Systems
J.Hydrologic Engrg. Volume 13, Issue 8, pp. 693-701 (August 2008)
Issue Date: August 2008
This is a study on the amount of wastewater that enters trench sides versus trench
bottoms.
Slurry walls : design, construction, and quality control (book)
David B. Paul, Richard R. Davidson, and Nicholas J. Cavalli, editors.
Recommended technical provisions for construction practice in shoring and sloping of
trenches and excavations (book); Author: Yorkel, Felix Y.
Hardened Roadway
http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6775952/description.html
Basically, if we do a hardened roadway with concrete, we’re going to need to
make sure it doesn’t chip due to the trucks or the water. This patent is for some system to
protect the joints from spalling.
Other/Combo/Rural Bridges
Brian D Davis, PE, Assistant Resident Engineer with NC DOT: Garret Road culvert
engineer, said during fieldtrip he would be willing to talk more with us during our
design/answer questions/supply drawings of DOT culverts
http://books.google.com/books?id=VCNmKQI6GiEC&pg=PA440&lpg=PA440&dq=cul
vert+design&source=bl&ots=plOVmwi0fR&sig=aBwE4nJttOgjekDXRYqtaXBrY2w&h
l=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=8&ct=result#PPR8,M1
Hydraulics textbook that includes lots of diagrams and modeling equations
http://apps.isiknowledge.com/full_record.do?product=WOS&search_mode=Refine&qid=
33&SID=2C3JdFM8lK4bNed9IdK&page=1&doc=1&cacheurlFromRightClick=no
Benefits of timber-concrete composite action in rural bridges
http://apps.isiknowledge.com/full_record.do?product=WOS&search_mode=Refine&qid=
33&SID=2C3JdFM8lK4bNed9IdK&page=1&doc=3&cacheurlFromRightClick=no
“Low-water stream crossings - The Iowa experience.” Relevance: talks about
cheaper alternatives for privately owned rural roads; “Low-water stream crossings
(LWSCs) can provide a low-cost and reasonably safe alternative. Three types of LWSC
are unvented fords, vented fords, and low-water bridges.”
http://apps.isiknowledge.com/full_record.do?product=WOS&search_mode=Refine&qid=
33&SID=2C3JdFM8lK4bNed9IdK&page=1&doc=4&cacheurlFromRightClick=no
“Cost-effective structures for off-system bridges.”
http://apps.isiknowledge.com/full_record.do?product=WOS&search_mode=Refine&qid=
33&SID=2C3JdFM8lK4bNed9IdK&page=2&doc=11&cacheurlFromRightClick=no
“Toward a low-cost structures design manual for rural roads in developing
countries”
http://apps.isiknowledge.com/full_record.do?product=WOS&search_mode=Refine&qid=
33&SID=2C3JdFM8lK4bNed9IdK&page=2&doc=14&cacheurlFromRightClick=no
“The Inverted Tee shallow bridge system for rural areas.”
http://apps.isiknowledge.com/full_record.do?product=WOS&search_mode=Refine&qid=
33&SID=2C3JdFM8lK4bNed9IdK&page=2&doc=18&cacheurlFromRightClick=no
DESIGN FLOOD ESTIMATION FOR BRIDGES, CULVERTS AND
CHANNEL IMPROVEMENT WORKS ON SMALL RURAL CATCHMENTS
(see also:
http://apps.isiknowledge.com/full_record.do?product=WOS&search_mode=Refine&qid=
33&SID=2C3JdFM8lK4bNed9IdK&page=2&doc=17)
http://www.allbusiness.com/manufacturing/nonmetallic-mineral-productmanufacturing/487675-1.html
“Tips for building PT slabs: what concrete contractors need to know about posttensioned slabs...” May be useful for hardened roadway, but also for road in general.
http://74.125.47.132/search?q=cache:WskbDzMnieUJ:www.transportlinks.org/transport_links/filearea/documentstore/130_Conceptual%2520Example%2520S
olution.doc+seasonally+flooded+roadway+design&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=6&gl=us&client
=firefox-a
Basically research on a situation much like ours, comparing culverts to other
options such as a drift, built in rural area (Zimbabwe?)
ftp://ftp.odot.state.or.us/techserv/roadway/web_drawings/roadway/rev_13/pdf/rd516.pdf
Methods of securing concrete barriers to roadway- may be useful if we dig a
trench, or even around culverts, or any other time we need to secure large slabs of
concrete to the ground
http://www.wfl.fhwa.dot.gov/td/publications/soil_nails.htm
“Application of Ground Anchors and Soil Nails in Roadway Construction.” This
is supposed to be in CD form, but we may be able to request copies if it seems worthy?
http://www.anchorengr.com/projects-bridge-roadway-design.htm
I just like the three main pics on this page- alternatives to culverts, also interesting
way of leading up to bridge with stones- we could possibly use that method.
http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6775952/description.html
Basically, if we do a hardened roadway with concrete, we’re going to need to
make sure it doesn’t chip due to the trucks or the water. This patent is for some system to
protect the joints from spalling.