`Chapter 14 Key Terms: A New Civilization in Europe
1. landmass: one very large, unbroken area of land, such as Eurasia
2. topography: the arrangement of physical features, such as mountains
plains, and coastlines, which affects the climate
3. Middle Ages: a new period of European history signaled by the
collapse of the Roman Empire in A.D. 500 and continuing to the
Modern Age at A.D. 1500.
4. medieval: term historians use to describe anything related to the
Middle Ages
5. Charles Martel: leader who reunited Frankish lands in 717 and
defeated Spanish Muslims in 732
6. Charlemagne: “Charles the Great,” grandson of Charles Martel, a just
ruler who built a Christian empire in Europe and encouraged law and
learning
7. Benedict of Nursia: an Italian monk who founded a monastery and
instituted (put in place) strict rules for his religious order called The
Rule of Saint Benedict, which later became the standard for
monasteries
8. St. Patrick: early British-born Christian missionary who converted
much of Ireland and founded more than 300 churches
9. monastery: place where people can dedicate their lives to prayer and
meditation; usually in a remote area
10. abbot: a head of a monastery
11. religious order: a community of men or women devoted to prayer and
service and bound by certain vows (promises)
12. sacraments: sacred rites of the church, such as baptism and
communion
13. fief: grant of land, which a lord gave to a loyal follower, known as a
vassal, who agreed to supply knights (mounted warriors) to the lord in
times of trouble
14. serfs: lowest class of peasants who were legally “tied” to the lord’s
land and could not leave it
15. chivalry: Christian warriors code of behavior, such as bravery,
generosity, and loyalty
16. manor: a self-sufficient estate of a medieval lord, with a castle in the
center, surrounded by a village, church, and countryside
Chapter 14 Key Terms: A New Civilization in Europe
1. landmass: one very large,
unbroken area of land, such as
Eurasia
2. topography: the arrangement
of physical features, such as
mountains plains, and
coastlines, which affects the
climate
3. Middle Ages: a new period of
European history signaled by
the collapse of the Roman
Empire in A.D. 500 and
continuing to the Modern Age
at A.D. 1500.
4. medieval: term historians use
to describe anything related to
the Middle Ages
5. Charles Martel: leader who
reunited Frankish lands in 717
and defeated Spanish Muslims
in 732
6. Charlemagne: “Charles the
Great,” grandson of Charles
Martel, a just ruler who built a
Christian empire in Europe and
encouraged law and learning
7. Benedict of Nursia: an Italian
monk who founded a monastery
and instituted (put in place)
strict rules for his religious
order called The Rule of Saint
Benedict, which later became
the standard for monasteries
8. St. Patrick: early British-born
Christian missionary who
converted much of Ireland and
founded more than 300
churches
9. monastery: place where people
can dedicate their lives to
prayer and meditation; usually
in a remote area
10. abbot: a head of a
monastery
11. religious order: a community of
men or women devoted to
prayer and service and bound
by certain vows (promises)
12. sacraments: sacred rites of
the church, such as baptism
and communion
13. fief: grant of land, which a
lord gave to a loyal follower,
known as a vassal, who agreed
to supply knights (mounted
warriors) to the lord in times
of trouble
14. serfs: lowest class of
peasants who were legally
“tied” to the lord’s land and
could not leave it
15. chivalry: Christian warriors
code of behavior, such as
bravery, generosity, and loyalty
16. manor: a self-sufficient
estate of a medieval lord, with
a castle in the center,
surrounded by a village, church,
and countryside