Patient Care in Imaging Technology, 8th Edition
Lesson Plans
Chapter 4 — Patient Care and Safety
Goals of the Lesson:
Cognitive: The student will learn the correct process for protecting themselves and their patients, the correct method to
immobilize a patient, and assist a patient with various needs.
Motor: The student will learn to assess the individual situation and determine the proper plan of action to perform the
requested study.
Affective: The student will explore the various methods and techniques to assist the patient to complete the requested study.
Student Learning Outcomes:
Upon completion of this chapter, students will:
1. Be aware of proper body mechanics to protect themselves and their patient
2. Be able to assist the patient in preparing for the radiographic procedure
3. Be able to identify the proper use of immobilizers
Learning Objectives:
The lesson section for each objective starts on the page shown below.
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.10
Explain the best methods for ensuring the care and safety of the patient's belongings while in the radiography
department ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3
Describe how proper body mechanics will prevent injury to the technologist .............................................................. 4
List the safety measures that must be taken when transferring a patient from a hospital room to the radiographic
imaging department ....................................................................................................................................................... 5
Describe steps that must be taken by the radiographer to protect the patient's integumentary system from injury ....... 6
Explain the criteria to be used when immobilization of a patient is necessary .............................................................. 7
List the types of immobilizers available, and demonstrate the correct method of applying each one ........................... 8
Demonstrate the correct method of moving and positioning a patient to prevent injury to the patient or the
radiographer ................................................................................................................................................................... 9
Correctly assess a patient's need for assistance to complete a radiographic procedure safely ..................................... 10
Give clear verbal instructions to an ambulatory patient concerning the correct manner of dressing and undressing for
a radiographic procedure ............................................................................................................................................. 11
Demonstrate the correct method of assisting a disabled patient with dressing or undressing for a radiographic
procedure ..................................................................................................................................................................... 12
Page 1
Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Patient Care in Imaging Technology, 8th Edition
Chapter 4 – Patient Care and Safety
4.11
4.12
4.13
4.14
List the precautions to be taken if a patient is in traction or wearing a cast ................................................................ 13
Demonstrate the correct manner of assisting a patient with a bedpan or urinal ........................................................... 14
Explain the responsibilities of a radiographer concerning radiation safety ................................................................. 15
List the departmental safety measures that must be taken to prevent and control fires, patient falls, poisoning or
injury from hazardous materials, and burns as well as the measures to evacuate patients in case of disaster ............. 16
You Will Need:
Gather the following materials and teaching aids for the following lessons:
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.10
4.11
4.12
4.13
4.14
Flashcards with various scenarios
Items to pick up (boxes, books, etc)
SR, gurney, wheelchair, sliding board, linens. Lab activity #1 and #2 checkoff sheets
Poster board, colored markers, pictures.
Internet access.
Various types of immobilizers.
Items to pick up (boxes, books, etc.)
Situational Judgment sheets
Situational Judgment sheets
Hospital gowns, IV tubing, IV bag, tape
Guest speaker
Fraction bedpan, male urinal
Lead aprons, gloves, gonad shields, etc.
Guest speaker
Legend: IB: Image Bank (IR); IR: Instructor’s Resource; PPT: PowerPoint (IR); SR: Student’s Resource; TG: Test
Generator (IR)
Page 2
Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Patient Care in Imaging Technology, 8th Edition
Chapter 4 – Patient Care and Safety
Objective 4.1
Explain the best methods for ensuring the care and safety of the patient's belongings while in
the radiography department.
Lecture Outline
Content
Text
page
 Care of Patient's Belongings
68-69
PPT
slide
Figures, Tables, and
Features
3
Resources and
In-Class Activities
In-Class Activity
Divide the class into
teams; instruct them to role
play and give their
"patient" instructions on
how to prepare for the
requested study.
Materials
Outside Assignments/
Evaluation
Outside Assignment
Assign each student a
specific radiographic
procedure that will require
the patient to undress for;
instruct the student to write
a brief description on how
to advise the patient to
undress.
Flashcards with various
scenarios
Legend: IB: Image Bank (IR); IR: Instructor’s Resource; PPT: PowerPoint (IR); SR: Student’s Resource; TG: Test Generator (IR)
Page 3
Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Instructor’s Notes
Patient Care in Imaging Technology, 8th Edition
Chapter 4 – Patient Care and Safety
Objective 4.2
Describe how proper body mechanics will prevent injury to the technologist.
Lecture Outline
Content
Text
page
 Body Mechanics
69-70
PPT
slide
4-9
Figures, Tables, and
Features
Figures
Fig. 4-1: Proper body
mechanics, p. 70
Resources and
In-Class Activities
In-Class Activity
Allow the students to
practice the correct
methods for maintaining
proper body mechanics.
Materials
Outside Assignments/
Evaluation
Outside Assignment
Instruct the students to
create a poster
demonstrating proper body
mechanics that might hang
on an office wall to remind
all technicians of the
correct method.
Items to pick up (boxes,
balls, books, etc.)
Legend: IB: Image Bank (IR); IR: Instructor’s Resource; PPT: PowerPoint (IR); SR: Student’s Resource; TG: Test Generator (IR)
Page 4
Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Instructor’s Notes
Patient Care in Imaging Technology, 8th Edition
Chapter 4 – Patient Care and Safety
Objective 4.3
List the safety measures that must be taken when transferring a patient from a hospital room to
the radiographic imaging department.
Lecture Outline
Content
 Moving and Transferring Patients
 Methods of Moving Patients
 Sheet transfers
 Log roll
 Sliding board
 Wheelchair
Text
page
PPT
slide
70-76
10-18
72-73
73-74
74-75
75-76
14-18
Figures, Tables, and
Features
Resources and
In-Class Activities
Figures
In-Class Activity
Fig. 4-2: Sheet transfer,
p. 72-73
Instruct the students to
complete Lab Activity #1,
Gurney Transfers
Fig. 4-3: Sliding board
transfer, p. 74-75
Fig. 4-4: Wheelchair
transfer, p. 75-76
Instruct the students to
complete Lab Activity #2,
Wheelchair Transfers. View
instructional video on SR –
“Geriatric Wheelchair
Transfer”.
Outside Assignments/
Evaluation
Outside Assignments
View the instructional
videos on SR: “Geriatric
Wheelchair Transfer” and
“The Sliding Board
Transfer”. Instruct them to
write a short paper
describing the necessary
steps to complete each
process.
View instructional video on
SR – “The Sliding Board
Transfer”.
Materials
SR, gurney, wheelchair,
sliding board, linens. Lab
activity #1 and #2 checkoff
sheets
Legend: IB: Image Bank (IR); IR: Instructor’s Resource; PPT: PowerPoint (IR); SR: Student’s Resource; TG: Test Generator (IR)
Page 5
Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Instructor’s Notes
Patient Care in Imaging Technology, 8th Edition
Chapter 4 – Patient Care and Safety
Objective 4.4
Describe steps that must be taken as the radiographer to protect the patient’s integumentary
system from injury.
Lecture Outline
Content
 Skin Care
 Preventing Decubitus Ulcers
Text
page
PPT
slide
82-83
28-29
Figures, Tables, and
Features
Resources and
In-Class Activities
In-Class Activity
Divide the class into small
groups. Instruct each group
to create a poster
describing skin injury
prevention techniques that
are important for a
radiographer to remember
while obtaining
radiographic studies.
Outside Assignments/
Evaluation
Outside Assignment
Instruct the students to
research and find at least
three potential integument
injuries that could occur
during a radiographic
procedure; include
preventative measures that
the radiographer will use to
protect their patient.
Invite a dermatologist to
speak to the class about
decubitus ulcers, their
prevention, and treatment.
Materials
Poster board, colored
markers, pictures.
Legend: IB: Image Bank (IR); IR: Instructor’s Resource; PPT: PowerPoint (IR); SR: Student’s Resource; TG: Test Generator (IR)
Page 6
Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Instructor’s Notes
Patient Care in Imaging Technology, 8th Edition
Chapter 4 – Patient Care and Safety
Objective 4.5
Explain the criteria to be used when immobilization of a patient is necessary.
Lecture Outline
Content
 Use of Immobilizers
Text
page
PPT
slide
76-78
19-20,
22
Figures, Tables, and
Features
Figures
Fig. 4-5: Types of
immobilizers, p. 77
Fig. 4-6: Tying a halfbow knot, p. 78
Resources and
In-Class Activities
In-Class Activity
Divide the class into
groups; instruct each group
to research the legal
aspects of using
immobilizers with their
patients. Each group
should report back to the
rest of the class their
findings.
Outside Assignments/
Evaluation
Outside Assignments
Instruct each student to
devise a checklist to use to
determine if immobilization
is necessary for their
patient.
Materials
Internet access
Legend: IB: Image Bank (IR); IR: Instructor’s Resource; PPT: PowerPoint (IR); SR: Student’s Resource; TG: Test Generator (IR)
Page 7
Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Instructor’s Notes
Patient Care in Imaging Technology, 8th Edition
Chapter 4 – Patient Care and Safety
Objective 4.6
List the types of immobilizers available, and demonstrate the correct method of applying each
one.
Lecture Outline
Content
 Types of Immobilizers
Text
page
PPT
slide
76-78
21-22
Figures, Tables, and
Features
Figures
Fig. 4-5: Types of
Immobilizers, p. 77
Fig. 4-6: Tying a halfbow knot, p. 78
Fig. 4-7: Types of
immobilization, p. 79
Resources and
In-Class Activities
In-Class Activity
Provide the class with
various forms of
immobilizers; allow them
to practice on each other
until proficient on their
use.
Outside Assignments/
Evaluation
Outside Assignments
Instruct each student to
write a short paragraph on
how they might feel if they
were to be immobilized
during a radiographic
procedure.
Materials
Various types of
immobilizers
Legend: IB: Image Bank (IR); IR: Instructor’s Resource; PPT: PowerPoint (IR); SR: Student’s Resource; TG: Test Generator (IR)
Page 8
Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Instructor’s Notes
Patient Care in Imaging Technology, 8th Edition
Chapter 4 – Patient Care and Safety
Objective 4.7
Demonstrate the correct method of moving and positioning a patient to prevent injury to the
patient or the radiographer.
Lecture Outline
Content
Text
page
 Body Mechanics
69-70
 Positioning the Patient for
Diagnostic Imaging
Examinations
78-79
PPT
slide
4-9
23-25
Figures, Tables, and
Features
Figures
Fig. 4-1: Correct and
Incorrect Body Mechanics,
p. 70
Fig. 4-8: Examples of
positions, p. 80
Resources and
In-Class Activities
In-Class Activity
Allow the students to
practice the correct
methods for maintaining
proper body mechanics.
Divide the students into
small groups; assign
various positions for them
to place their “patients” in.
Outside Assignments/
Evaluation
Outside Assignments
Instruct the students to
create a poster
demonstrating proper body
mechanics that might hang
on an office wall to remind
all technicians of the
correct method.
Materials
Items to pick up (boxes,
books, etc), x-ray table.
Legend: IB: Image Bank (IR); IR: Instructor’s Resource; PPT: PowerPoint (IR); SR: Student’s Resource; TG: Test Generator (IR)
Page 9
Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Instructor’s Notes
Patient Care in Imaging Technology, 8th Edition
Chapter 4 – Patient Care and Safety
Objective 4.8
Correctly assess a patient’s need for assistance to complete a radiographic procedure safely.
Lecture Outline
Content
 Assessing the Patient’s
Mobility
Text
page
71
PPT
slide
Figures, Tables, and
Features
12-13
Resources and
In-Class Activities
In-Class Activity
Divide the class into small
groups; provide each group
with a specific scenario;
instruct them to determine
the assessment required to
assist the patient. Allow
time for each group to
share with the rest of the
class their findings.
Outside Assignments/
Evaluation
Outside Assignment
Instruct the student to pick
a major medical condition/
situation that will limit a
patient’s mobility; write a
short paper describing
possible limitations and /
or considerations that will
be important to remember
to complete the requested
study.
Materials
Situational Judgment
sheets with prepared
scenarios.
Legend: IB: Image Bank (IR); IR: Instructor’s Resource; PPT: PowerPoint (IR); SR: Student’s Resource; TG: Test Generator (IR)
Page 10
Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Instructor’s Notes
Patient Care in Imaging Technology, 8th Edition
Chapter 4 – Patient Care and Safety
Objective 4.9
Give clear verbal instructions to an ambulatory patient concerning the correct manner of
dressing and undressing for a radiographic procedure.
Lecture Outline
Content
 Assisting the patient to dress and
undress
 Disabled patient
 Patient with IV infusion
Text
page
79-82
PPT
slide
Figures, Tables,
and Features
3
Resources and
In-Class Activities
In-Class Activity
Divide the class into teams;
instruct them to role play
and give their “patient”
instructions on how to
prepare for the requested
study.
Materials
Outside Assignments/
Evaluation
Outside Assignments
Assign each student a
specific radiographic
procedure that will require
the patient to undress for;
instruct the student to write
a brief description on how
to advise the patient to
undress.
Situational Judgment
sheets with various
scenarios.
Legend: IB: Image Bank (IR); IR: Instructor’s Resource; PPT: PowerPoint (IR); SR: Student’s Resource; TG: Test Generator (IR)
Page 11
Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Instructor’s Notes
Patient Care in Imaging Technology, 8th Edition
Chapter 4 – Patient Care and Safety
Objective 4.10
Demonstrate the correct method of assisting a disabled patient with dressing or undressing for
a radiographic procedure.
Lecture Outline
Content
Text
page
 Assisting the Patient to Dress 79
and Undress
 The Disabled Patient
81
 The Patient with an
Intravenous Infusion
82
PPT
slide
26
Figures, Tables, and
Features
Figure
Fig. 4-9: Place IV
container through the arm
opening of the clean
gown first, p. 82
27
Resources and
In-Class Activities
In-Class Activity
Divide the class into pair;
provide oversized hospital
gowns for the radiographer
to “assist” the patient with
dressing or undressing.
Provide an IV setup (tape
end of tubing to clothes) and
practice helping the patient
with preparing for a
radiographic study.
Outside Assignments/
Evaluation
Outside Assignments
Instruct the students to
write a short paper
describing how they would
want to be treated by the
radiographer, if they were
the disabled patient and
were needing a
radiographic procedure.
Materials
Hospital gowns, IV tubing,
IV bag, tape.
Legend: IB: Image Bank (IR); IR: Instructor’s Resource; PPT: PowerPoint (IR); SR: Student’s Resource; TG: Test Generator (IR)
Page 12
Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Instructor’s Notes
Patient Care in Imaging Technology, 8th Edition
Chapter 4 – Patient Care and Safety
Objective 4.11
List the precautions to be taken if a patient is in traction or wearing a cast.
Lecture Outline
Content
 Cast Care and Traction
Text
page
PPT
slide
83-87
30-32
Figures, Tables, and
Features
Figure
Fig. 4-10: supporting a
cast during movement,
p. 84
Resources and
In-Class Activities
In-Class Activity
Invite a guest speaker to
speak to the class and
demonstrate various forms
of cast material and
traction devices.
Outside Assignments/
Evaluation
Outside Assignments
Instruct each student to
research cast care and write
a short paragraph
describing their findings.
Legend: IB: Image Bank (IR); IR: Instructor’s Resource; PPT: PowerPoint (IR); SR: Student’s Resource; TG: Test Generator (IR)
Page 13
Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Instructor’s Notes
Patient Care in Imaging Technology, 8th Edition
Chapter 4 – Patient Care and Safety
Objective 4.12
Demonstrate the correct manner of assisting a patient with a bedpan or urinal.
Lecture Outline
Content
 Assisting the Patient with a
Bedpan or Urinal
 The Bedpan
 The Male Urinal
Text
page
84-86
PPT
slide
33
Figures, Tables, and
Features
Figures
Fig. 4-11: A fracture
bedpan and urinal, p. 85
Fig. 4-12: Placing a
fracture bedpan, p. 85
Resources and
In-Class Activities
In-Class Activity
Demonstrate the correct
procedure for assisting the
patient.
Outside Assignments/
Evaluation
Outside Assignments
Instruct the student to write
a short paragraph
describing how they will
assist the patient.
Materials
Fraction bedpan, male
urinal
Legend: IB: Image Bank (IR); IR: Instructor’s Resource; PPT: PowerPoint (IR); SR: Student’s Resource; TG: Test Generator (IR)
Page 14
Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Instructor’s Notes
Patient Care in Imaging Technology, 8th Edition
Chapter 4 – Patient Care and Safety
Objective 4.13
Explain the responsibilities of a radiographer concerning radiation safety.
Lecture Outline
Content
 Radiation Safety
Text
page
88-90
PPT
slide
Figures, Tables, and
Features
Figure
Fig. 4-13: Protective
devices, p. 89
Resources and
In-Class Activities
In-Class Activity
Divide the class into small
groups. Instruct each group
to create a “commercial”
that will instruct proper
radiation safety techniques.
Outside Assignments/
Evaluation
Outside Assignments
Instruct each student to
create a poster detailing
proper radiation safety
procedures.
Demonstrate the various
protective equipment and
instruct in their proper use.
Material
Lead aprons, gloves, gonad
shields, etc.
Legend: IB: Image Bank (IR); IR: Instructor’s Resource; PPT: PowerPoint (IR); SR: Student’s Resource; TG: Test Generator (IR)
Page 15
Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Instructor’s Notes
Patient Care in Imaging Technology, 8th Edition
Chapter 4 – Patient Care and Safety
Objective 4.14
List the departmental safety measures that must be taken to prevent and control fires, patient
falls, poisoning or injury from hazardous materials, and burns as well as the measures to
evacuate patients in case of a disaster.
Lecture Outline
Content
 Departmental Safety
 Fire Safety
 Prevention of Falls
 Poisoning and Disposition of
 Hazardous Waste Materials
Text
page
86-88
PPT
slide
Figures, Tables, and
Features
34
Resources and
In-Class Activities
In-Class Activity
Divide the class into
groups. Instruct each group
to create their own
Departmental Safety
guidelines.
Invite a guest speaker from
the local Haz-Mat
company.
Outside Assignments/
Evaluation
Outside Assignments
Divide the class into
groups. Instruct each group
to contact a local radiology
department and request a
copy of their departmental
safety guidelines. Each
group will report back to
the class their findings.
Chapter Test
Instruct each student to
complete Chapter 4 Test,
pp. 91-92.
Legend: IB: Image Bank (IR); IR: Instructor’s Resource; PPT: PowerPoint (IR); SR: Student’s Resource; TG: Test Generator (IR)
Page 16
Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Instructor’s Notes