Supplemental Table 1: Characteristics of cases and controls enrolled in each study
Study
County
Case
Control
Mean Age (range) of
cases and controls
Cancer stage
Altimari 2008
Italy
PCa*, samples
collected before
treatment#
BPH^ and
healthy controls
65 (50-74) for cases
Pathological stage: T1 to T2
Gleason score ranges: 1-10
Baden 2009
USA
PCa, samples
collected before
treatment
BPH
62 (40-75) for cases
and controls
Unknown
Bastian 2008
USA
PCa patients
who underwent
radical
prostatectomy
Patients who
had negative
biopsies
58.9 (40-71) for both
cases and controls
Gleason score range: 5-10
Bryzgunova
2008
Russia
PCa, samples
collected before
treatment
Negative biopsy 67 for cases, 76.4 for
with BPH
BPH controls and 25.8
diagnosis and
for healthy controls
healthy controls
Pathological stage: T1-T3
Cairns 2001
USA
PCa who
underwent
radical
prostatectomy
No controls
Unknown
Pathological stage: T2 to T3
Gleason score ranges: 5-7.
Chuang 2007
Taiwan
PCa
Negative
biopsies with
BPH diagnosis
Unknown
Pathological stage: T1 to T3
Gleason score ranges: 5-9
Crocitto 2004
USA
PCa
Negative
biopsies
65 (48-53) for cases
and controls
Gleason score ranges: 5-9
Ellinger 2008
Germany
PCa, samples
collected before
radical
prostatectomy
BPH
PCa: 65.8 (49-79)
BPH: 68.9 (55-83)
Pathological stage: T1 to T4
Gleason score: 6-8
Invasion status: lymph node
invasion, capsular penetration
seminal vesicle invasion,
extraprostatic extension and
positive surgical margins
Goessl 2001
Germany
PCa
BPH
PCa: 65
BPH:62
Pathological stage: T1-T4
Goessl 2001b
Germany
PCa, samples
collected before
any type of
treatment
BPH
PIN~
PCa: 65 (59-81)
PIN: 69 (51-73)
BPH: 62 (47-76)
Pathological stage: T1-T3
Gonzalgo 2003
USA
PCa and PIN,
samples
collected before
any type of
treatment
Negative
biopsies
PCa: 68(53-80)
PIN: 56(53-68)
Controls: 63(59-72)
Pathological stage: T2-T3
Gonzalgo 2004
USA
PCa, samples
collected after
radical
prostatectomy
No controls
PCa: 57(52-61)
Pathological stage: T1-T3
Gleason Score: 5-7
Hoque 2005
USA
PCa samples
collected before
curative surgery
Age-matched
PCa: 59 (39-81)
controls with
Controls: 57 (28-84)
negative
biopsies but
have other types
of cancer, or
urological
disorder such as
Pathological stage: T2-T3
Gleason Score: 4-10
BPH.
Jeronimo 2002
USA
PCa, samples
collected after
radical
prostatectomy
BPH who
underwent
transurethral
resection of the
prostate
PCa:63 (52-74)
BPH: 64 (53-82)
Stage: Unknown
Papadopoulou
2006
Greece
PCa, 12
collected
before and 19
after treatments
Healthy
controls
Unknown
Unknown
Payne 2009
USA and
Germany
PCa, samples
collected
before any type
of treatment
Negative
biopsies and
healthy controls
PCa: 66 (47-77)
Negative biopsy
controls: 62 (48-74)
Young controls:24
(19-30)
Pathologic stage: T1-T4
Gleason Score:4-10
Reibenwein
2006
Austria
Hormone
refractory PCa
and early PCa,
samples
collected after
treatments
Healthy
controls
Hormone refractory
PCa: 67 (50-83)
Early PCa: 70 (58-76)
Healthy controls: age
unknown
Pathologic stage: T1-T4
Gleason Score:2-10
Roger 2006
Germany
PCa, samples
collected
before any type
of treatment
Negative
biopsies
PCa: 65 (52-72)
Controls: 61 (46-71)
Pathologic stage: T1-T2
PSA: 0.4-9.6 ng/ml
Roupret 2007
France
PCa, samples
collected after
radical
prostatectomy
Age-matched
controls with
negative
biopsies; some
have BPH and
some did not
PCa: 63 (56-82)
Controls: 62 (57-79)
Pathologic stage: T2-T3
Gleason Score:4-10
Roupret 2008
UK
PCa(relapsed)
PCa (Not
Relapsed),
samples
collected
before any type
of treatment
Normal agematched control
with negative
biopsies: PSA
above 3 ng/ml
PCa (Relapsed): 75
(65-81)
PCa (Not Relapsed):
73 (58-80),
Matched controls: 62
(57-79)
Pathologic stage
PCa (Relapsed): T2-T4
PCa (Not Relapsed): T2-T4
Gleason Score
PCa (Relapsed): 7-10,
PCa (Not Relapsed):6-9
Suh 2000
USA
PCa, samples
collected
before any type
of treatment
No controls
Gleason Score: 4-6
Sunami 2009
USA
PCa, samples
collected
before any type
of treatment
Healthy
controls
Unknown
Pathological stage: T1-T4
Gleason Score: 5-10
Woodson 2008
USA
PCa, samples
collected
before biopsies
and any type of
treatment
Patients who
had negative
biopsies but
diagnosed as
BPH and PIN
PCa:
66 (60-72)
BPH: 61(55-68)
PIN: 69 (54-64)
Pathological stage: T2-T3
Gleason Score: 6-10
PCa*: Prostate cancer
BPH^: Benign prostatic hyperplasia
PIN~: Prostate intraepithelial neoplasia
#
samples collected before any type of treatment such as surgery, radical prostatectomy, and medicinal treatment.
Supplemental Table 2. Sensitivity of each study for GST-P1
Treatment$
Study (22 studies)
Age
Specimen
Altimari 2008
Bryzgunova 2008
ELLinger 2008
Goessl 2001b
Gonzalo2003
Hoque 2005
Papadopoulou 2006
Payne 2009
Roger 2006
Roupret 2008
Suh 2000
Woodson 2008
Bastian 2008
Cairns 2001
Chuang 2007
Crocitto 2004
Goessl 2001a
Gonzalo2004
Jeronimo 2002b
Reibenwein 2006
Roupret 2007
Sunami 2009
#
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
65
67
67
68.9
62
62
63
63
57
62
62
61
61
62
62
61
58.9
58.9
58.9
58.9
65
62
62
62
62
57
63
63
63
63
67
70
62
Plasma
Serum
Urine
Serum
Urine (after massage)
Urine (after massage)
Urine
Urine
Urine
Plasma
Plasma
Urine (after massage)
Urine after rectal exam
Urine after biopsy
Blood
Blood
Ejaculate
Urine (after massage)
Serum
Serum
Serum
Serum
Urine
plasma
Prosate secretions
Buffy Coat
Serum
Ejaculate
Urine
Prostatic secretion
Urine
Plasma
Urine
Plasma
Plasma
Serum
Serum
Urine
Serum
PCR method
N-MSP^
BS##
BS
MSRE-qPCR
N-MSP
N-MSP
N-MSP
N-MSP
~
Q-MSP
NA
Q-MSP
Q-MSP
N-MSP
N-MSP
N-MSP
N-MSP
MSRE-qPCR
Q-MSP
MSRE-qPCR*
MSRE-qPCR
MSRE-qPCR
MSRE-qPCR
N-MSP
MSRE-qPCR
N-MSP
N-MSP
N-MSP
N-MSP
N-MSP
N-MSP
N-MSP
N-MSP
N-MSP
N-MSP
NA
N-MSP
N-MSP
Q-MSP
N-MSP
Case
PCa#
PCa
PCa
PCa
PCa
PIN
PCa
PIN
PCa
PCa
PCa
PCa
PCa
PCa
PCa relapsed
PCa not relapsed
PCa
PCa
PCa with no recurrent
PCa with recurrent
PCa (metastasis)
PCa (homerefractory)
PCa
PCa
PCa
PCa
PCa
PCa
PCa
PCa
PCa
PCa
PCa
PCa
PCa
PCa (hormone reflactory)
PCa
PCa
PCa
PCa: Prostate cancer.
Treatment: 1 denotes samples collected after treatment; 0 denotes samples collected before treatment.
^N-MSP: non-quantitative methylation specific PCR.
*MSRE-qPCR: Methylation sensitive restriction endonuclease-qPCR.
#
BS:bisulfite genomic sequencing.
~
Q-MSP: quantitative methylation specific PCR.
$
Case postive
51
5
5
71
29
2
7
4
25
9
31
68
3
2
20
20
4
18
7
11
5
5
6
11
11
10
23
4
22
86
13
9
21
25
7
20
3
79
10
Total cases
Sensitivity
64
5
5
168
40
7
12
6
52
12
80
84
12
12
20
22
9
24
136
56
18
18
22
36
24
33
32
8
29
100
69
69
69
69
19
62
14
95
83
0.80
1.00
1.00
0.42
0.73
0.29
0.58
0.67
0.48
0.75
0.39
0.81
0.25
0.17
1.00
0.91
0.44
0.75
0.05
0.20
0.28
0.28
0.27
0.31
0.46
0.30
0.72
0.50
0.76
0.86
0.19
0.13
0.30
0.36
0.37
0.32
0.21
0.83
0.12