COSHH SHEET 45
TEXTILES:
CLEANING AGENTS - DETERGENTS
Brand Names
Applicable to: liquids and powders for washing clothes; Stain Devils.
Uses/Processes
Clothes washing detergents are designed to link grease and particulate dirt to
water. They may also contain phosphates, enzymes and bleaches such as
sodium perborate. Pre-wash soaking agents and stain removing agents may
also contain sodium carbonate.
Assessment
Sensitisation and/or allergy may develop from exposure to enzymes included
in some brands, ie the ‘biological’ types. All detergents, by their property of
dissolving grease, tend to aggravate allergic reactions after contact with
enzyme additives.
Sodium peroxoborate (perborate) is variously rated as harmful or irritant,
affecting the skin, eyes and respiratory system, and if swallowed. Solid
detergents containing sodium perborate could damage the skin or eyes but
are unlikely to be inhaled or swallowed in schools.
Agents containing sodium carbonate could be irritant to the skin. All
detergents also remove natural oils from the skin leading to possible dryness,
chafing and other dermatological problems.
Controls
Although many detergents are not classed as hazardous, it is strongly advised
that all contact with the skin is avoided by wearing gloves, particularly for
persons who are recognised as having sensitive, damaged or dry skin or
where washing powders containing enzymes are used.
Powders with bleaching agents should be handled with care to avoid raising
dust.
Gloves alone will provide sufficient protection unless there is also a risk of
splashing, when eye protection is also needed.
Storage
Detergents classed as ‘irritant’ should be stored in a safe place away from
food areas.
Disposal
Unwanted detergents can be put in the ordinary waste.
Immediate Remedial Measures
If swallowed: Give plenty of water and seek medical attention. DO NOT
INDUCE VOMITING.
If alkaline detergent is in the eyes: Obtain medical attention. Irrigate
immediately with water, holding eyelids apart and continue until the casualty
reaches hospital.
If ordinary detergent is in the eyes: Irrigate immediately with water, holding
eyelids apart for at least ten minutes. If pain or discomfort continues, obtain
medical attention.
If irritant detergents are spilt on the skin or clothes: Remove contaminated
clothing. Wash affected area thoroughly with a large amount of water. If a
large area is affected or blistering occurs, seek medical attention. Soak
contaminated clothing and rinse repeatedly.
Allergic reaction: If the casualty shows anxiety, red, blotchy skin, swelling of
the face and neck and puffiness around the eyes, they could be suffering from
a serious allergic reaction. Call an ambulance and prop the casualty in a
sitting position in case breathing problems develop.