Phrases (p. 122)
***Definition – A phrase is a group of words working together to
function as a single part of speech. That means that an entire phrase can
be for example a verb (ex. has been walking) or an adverb (ex. to the
store). A phrase is NOT a sentence; therefore, it CANNOT contain a
subject and a verb.
I.
Prepositional Phrases (p. 123)
A. Prepositional phrases are formed by adding a preposition to an
object of the preposition. The object of the preposition must be
a noun or pronoun that answers the questions “who?” or
“what?” after the preposition. There may be modifiers in
between the preposition and the object.
P. O.P.
P.
O.P.
Ex. for me
to the store
P.
Adj.
O.P.
with the many presents
P.
for
Adv. Adj.
O.P.
the very exciting game
B. Prepositional phrases function as a whole as one part of speech.
These phrases may be adjective or adverb phrases.
C. Adjective phrases describe nouns or pronouns. They answer
what kind, how many, which one, and how much. (p. 125)
N. Prep. phr.
Ex. The man in the hat was tall.
Pronoun Prep. phr.
Ex. Everyone at the party had fun.
D. Adverb phrases describe verb, adjectives, and other adverbs.
Mostly they describe verbs. Adverb phrases tell when, how,
where, why, how often, and to what extent. (p. 129)
Prep. phr.
V.
Ex. On Tuesday we will have a quiz. (when?)
V.
Prep. phr.
Ex. He walked to the store. (where?)
Prep. phr.
V.
Ex. With great enthusiasm he played the game. (how?)
Adj. Prep. phr.
Ex. He was tired from playing. (why?)
II. Appositive phrases (p. 318)
A. Appositives are noun phrases.
1. They are often set off by commas
2. They come after a noun
3. They rename the noun they come after
4. They are not essential to the sentence but provide additional
information
N.
App. phr.
Ex. Ms. Denne, your English teacher, is a busy lady.
N.
App phr.
Ex. I played a game, Scrabble, with my friends.
B. When appositives are a single word, they are not always set off
by commas.
N. App.
Ex. My friend Lisa is also a teacher.