4th Nine Weeks Study Guide
Ecology & Biomes
1. What is the difference between biotic and abiotic? Biotic = living; abiotic = nonliving
2. Water is lost to the abiotic parts of the biosphere from the biotic parts in what process?
evaporation
3. How is water lost through the biotic parts of the environment? (plants) transpiration
4. Name 2 ways nitrogen is returned to the atmosphere (by denitrification). Death and decay by
bacteria or fungi
5. How much energy (as a percentage) is lost as you move up each trophic level? 90%
6. What happens to the amount of energy? It decreases (lost)
7. Name 2 types of decomposers. Fungi (mushroom) & bacteria
8. What are the steps of the water cycle? In which step are plants involved? TRANSPIRATION
Seepage into the ground transpiration
Precipitation runoff into bodies of waterevaporation
9. In an energy pyramid, which level has the smallest number of organisms? Tertiary consumers
(or highest level)
10. What is a terrestrial biome? An aquatic biome? Land based; water based
11. Compare and contrast density-independent factors and density-dependent factors.
Density-independent
Alike
Density-dependent
Happens regardless of the
Both have an impact on a
Impact depends on the pop
pop size
pop
size
12. Density-dependent or independent: a) drought, b) food, c) competition, and d) disease. indep;
dep; dep; dep
13. A cold, dry, and mostly treeless biome that has a layer of soil called permafrost. tundra
14. A type of grassland that has alternating wet and dry seasons. savannah
15. The biome that is dominated by annual trees that lose their leaves each year. Temperate
deciduous forest
16. This biome is characterized by evergreen coniferous trees. taiga
17. Compare and contrast habitat and niche. A habitat is where an organism lives and a niche is
the organism’s way of life (how they get their food, etc)
18. What happens if two niches overlap? Competition
Animals
Write the letter only:
19. Which beak is used to scoop things? C
20. Which beak is used to drill into trees for insects? D
21. Which beak is used to tear meat? B
Write the letter only:
22.Which animal is a filter feeder? B
23.Which organism is the most complex? A
24.Which organism may be parasitic? C
25.Which organism has an exoskeleton and bilateral symmetry?
D
26.Name a protective structure found in turtles. shell
27.What kind of symmetry do the following animals have: a) sponge, b) flatworm, c)
echinoderm, & d) amphibian; asymmetrical; bilateral; radial; bilateral
28.Name the 2 endothermic animal classes. Aves and Mammals
29.What is the main advantage of the following structures: a) claws-defense/ protection, b)
hair/fur-warmth/conserving heat, c) scales- protection
30. What is the difference between estivation and hibernation? Estivation is when the
metabolism slows down in response to heat while hibernation is the same but in response to
cold weather.
31.Name 3 adaptations animals and plants in the desert may have. Thick leaves, waxy-leaf
plants, animals burrowing during the day
Plants
32. Create a chart to show how plants are classified.
33.Create a chart to compare and contrast monocots and dicots in terms of: a) # of seed leaves,
b) veins, c) flower parts, & d) arrangement of vascular bundles.
34. Are the following vascular or non-vascular: a) ferns-vasc, b) mosses-nonvasc,
c) liverworts-nonvasc, and d) club mosses-vasc.
35. List the functions of: a) leaf-traps light energy for photosynthesis, b) cuticle-prevents water
loss, c) stem-support during growth & food storage, d) xylem-transports water, and
e) phloem-transports dissolved food/nutrients.
36. What are the 2 parts of the stamen? Anther & filament;
37. The 3 parts of a pistil? Style, stigma, & ovary