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CAREER INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
STUDYGUIDE
CHAPTER 25: SAFETY FOR MASONS
INSTRUCTOR: MR. BRIAN IASIELLO
TERMS:
ANSI - A private organization acting as administrator and coordinator for voluntary
standards.
Coupling pin - A metal tubular pin inserted in tubular scaffold end frames permitting
them to be stacked and locked for multitier scaffold setups.
Dense Industrial 65 - The industry standard requirement for recognizing approved sawn
scaffold planking.
Double insulated - Electrical equipment having enclosures nonconductive to electricity.
Equipment grounding conductor - A wire going to ground connected to metal
enclosures of electrical-powered tools, machinery, and equipment.
Ground fault circuit interrupters - Also called GFCIs, a circuit breaker detecting a
difference in current between the amount of current going through one wire to a piece of
electrical equipment and interrupting or stopping the current flow.
Guardrails - Rails installed along all open sides and ends of platforms, serving as
personal fall protection.
Laminated veneer lumber - Also called LVL, used for scaffolding planks, a
manufacturing process of gluing together many thin layers of wood to produce
engineered lumber
Mudsill - A 2” or thicker wood plank placed on the ground to prevent scaffold end frame
supports from point loading, imposing a concentrated load on the supporting surface.
NIOSH - An organization that conducts research and provides guidance, information,
and services for subjects related to occupational safety and health.
OSHA - A federal government agency that conducts inspections of and issues citations
and proposed penalties for employers covered under the Occupational Safety and Health
Act of 1970 for alleged violations of applicable safety and health standards.
Personal protection equipment - Also called PPE, required worker protection
depending upon the hazards to which a worker is exposed, may include eye protection,
face protection, head protection, hearing protection, hand protection, foot protection,
respiratory protection, protective clothing, and barriers.
Sawn planking - Individual boards 1 3⁄4” to 2” thick and 10” to 111⁄2” wide approved
for scaffolds to support workers, materials, and equipment.
Scaffold - A temporary work platform designed to support workers, materials and
equipment.
Supported scaffolds - Platforms supported by legs, beams, or other approved rigid
supports.
Suspension scaffolds - Platforms suspended by ropes or other nonrigid means from
overhead.
Toe boards - Vertical barriers extending above a platform surface to
prevent falling materials.
Outline:
A. Complying with Safety Standards
1. OSHA-Federal agency
2. NIOSH- Federal organization
3. ANSI- Private organization
B. Personal Protection Equipment
1. Protective Clothing
a. Shirts must have sleeves 4” or longer.
2. Foot Protection
a. A slip-resistant sole, ankle high or higher work shoe is required.
3. Eye Protection: Z-87
4. Face Protection: Protective face shields
5. Hearing Protection: Ear muffs, Ear plugs
6. Head Protection: Hard hat
7. Respiratory Protection
a. Dust Masks and Particulate-Filter Respirators
b. Ventilation
8. Hand Protection: Work gloves
C. Maintaining a Safe Work Area
1. If a loaded wheelbarrow begins to upset and no one is close, then let fall on its
side.
2. First, cut a brick band at the middle of the top of a strap of brick.
3. Finish removing the brick band from a strap of brick by cutting on each side
about 6 inches from the bottom of the strap and then bending over the ends.
4. Never use a mason’s line that is frayed, meaning that is damaged and may
break.
D. Lifting and Carrying Materials by Hand:
1. Lift heavier objects by stooping and using the leg muscles.
E. Using Hand Tools Safely
1. Inspect tools before using them.
F. Remove jewelry when working. Finger rings can restrict blood circulation if
the finger begins to swell following an injury. Objects falling on rings may
compress them, limiting blood circulation and possibly severing fingers.
Wristwatches, bracelets, necklaces, and other body jewelry should be
removed to prevent them becoming entangled in construction materials and
machinery components.
Scaffolds:
A. PARTS OF SCAFFOLDING
1. Types of scaffolding primarily used by a mason contractor.
a) STEP-TYPE END FRAMES
1.5’ wide by 5’ high step-type end frame is popular choice for
house construction
a. Cross brace attaches between two end frames on both the
front side and back side of the frames.
b) OPEN-END FRAMES
a. 2.5’ Wide by 6’4” or 6’6” high open-end frame popular
choice for larger jobs.
2. Scaffolding Planks
a) Laminated Veneer Lumber- Manufacturing process of gluing
together many thin layers of wood produces engineered lumber,
also known as LVL, heavier than regular wood planks.
b) Sawn planks- individual planks approved for scaffolds to
support workers materials and equipment.
c) When overlapping planks 12” minimum lap at center of scaffold
bucks (6” on each side of bucks)
d) Loads placed on planks spanning 7’ must not cause them to
deflect more than about 1 3/8”
e) Mudsills-2” or thicker wood planks placed on the ground to
prevent scaffold end frame supports from point loading.
1. Prevents base plates or screw jacks from sinking in soils
or breaking through surfaces below them.
3. Base Plates and Leveling Screw jacks
a) Base plate is flat 6” x 6” metal plate
1. Keep debris out of the hollow end frame legs and
distribute the scaffold’s weight over a larger area.
b) Leveling Screw Jacks- Similar to base plates, except their screw
adjustments permits leveling scaffold set ups.
B. SAFETY PIECES OF SCAFFOLDING (OSHA REQUIRING FALL
PROTECTION FOR THOSE ON SCAFFOLDING MORE THAN 10’
FROM GROUND LEVEL)
1. Guardrails-rails installed along all open sides and ends of platforms
serving as personal fall protection.
a) Parts of guardrails
1. Guard post-post slip over a steel coupling pin while an
outer rigid support extends lower on the outside of the
scaffolding frame leg.
2. Top rails-attach to the top of the guardrails posts
-Between 38” and 45” high
-capable of supporting a minimum force of 200
pounds
3. Mid-rails-rails approximately midway from the top edge
of guardrail and platform surface.
b) Toe boards-vertical barriers, installed along the edge of
platforms more than 10’ above lower level
1. To prevent falling tools or materials from injuring those
below scaffolds.