War and the World
Rob Johnson
2006-07
2
War and the World
Tutor: Rob Johnson
Course details
Outline
This course takes a thematic and comparative view of the nature of war and its effects. It is not a
study of weapons and tactics, but of the ways in which conflict has shaped and impacted upon
humanity. It is therefore concerned with the structures of war: issues of legality, mobilization and
recruitment, total war, the media and war, the economic ‘sinews of war’, the modalities of war,
insurgency and guerrilla war. It is also concerned with the human dimensions of war: the social
history of soldiers, leadership, collaboration and resistance, atrocities, casualties, and combat. The
course is structured within a broad chronology to enable students, especially those who are
unfamiliar with the period, a chance to gain a broad understanding, but the course examines the
themes and issues of war and its influence in human history. The course avoids a purely
Eurocentric configuration and ranges across the globe, but inevitably there is a strong emphasis on
the Western military impact on the world..
Context
This is an optional module for first year students. It offers the opportunity to study in greater depth aspects
of the First Year core course ‘The Making of the Modern World’, namely all those pertaining to war,
revolution and conflict. It also provides a foundation for those students who take the third year
Historiography course and any special subject in twentieth century history.
Syllabus
The course takes a thematic approach within a broadly chronological framework. The first term concentrates
on the broader contours of the period 1897-1945. Themes are tackled in more depth in term 2 and the
chronology taken further to the period 1918 to 2001. The use of a wide variety of source material is integral
to the course.
Objectives

To equip students with the knowledge and critical capacity to engage with and assess the major
historiographical explanations of military history.
3

To encourage students to adopt a thematic and comparative approach to historical enquiry.

As far as is practically possible, students will be actively involved in the design and practice of
teaching and learning.

In doing so, to encourage all participants on the course, students as well as tutors, to become
active producers of original knowledge.
Teaching and learning
There are weekly lectures, fortnightly 1.5 hour seminars, and some individual tutorials. Teaching times:
Lectures: Thursday, 11-12, room H1.48, beginning week 2, Term 1.
Seminars (one in week 3, Term 1, thereafter fortnightly in odd weeks, except week 10, and 10 Term 1):
Room 319, times tbc. In term 2, however, they are in even weeks and odd weeks as set out below:
Term 1
Week
Delivery
Seminars
1
induction
induction
2
lecture
3
lecture
4
lecture
5
lecture
6
Reading Week
7
lecture
8
lecture
9
lecture
seminar
10
lecture
seminar (film and analysis)
seminar
seminar
seminar
Term 2
Week
1
lecture
2
lecture
3
lecture
4
lecture
5
lecture
6
Reading Week
7
lecture
seminar
seminar
seminar
4
8
lecture
9
lecture
seminar
10
lecture
seminar
Term 3
1
2
Simulation Exercise
Workload

Thorough preparation for and active participation in seminars and tutorials. Core and primary
reading are required reading and are highlighted on each seminar reading list. Supplementary
reading is also given; this should be used to follow up personal interests for essays.

Three essays (assessed for First Years; see below) of 2000 words maximum, excluding
bibliography and footnotes. One assessed essay of 4,000-4,500 words.
Assessment and deadlines
First year (and Part-Time Level One) students:
Assessed on the best two out of three short essays (50% of the mark for this course) and on one 4,500
word essay (50% of the mark for this course).
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Essay deadlines for all students
Short essays, each at 2,500 words:
In the lecture, Week 7, Term 1
In the lecture, Week 2, Term 2
In the lecture, Week 7, Term 2
Essays should be handed in to Rob Johnson at the lecture or placed in Rob Johnson’s pigeonhole prior to
4.30pm on those days (They can be handed in as far in advance as one prefers). Any extension of an essay
deadline must be agreed with the tutor in advance. There are penalties on late essays.
Long essay (4,500 words): Check department guidelines for the deadline, which will be Friday, 12.00, week
4 in Term 3. Note that late submission of this essay will lead to a significant loss of marks.
Learning outcomes
At the end of the course, students will have:

broadened their knowledge of, and improved their ability to critically engage with, the study of war
and the historiography of military history.

refined their ability to analyse a range of primary source material

developed their written, new media and communication skills
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Lecture and Seminar timetable
War and the World Syllabus:
Autumn Term
Week 2
Week 3
Week 4
Week 5
Week 6
Week 7
Week 8
Week 9
Week 10
Spring Term
Week 1
Week 2
Week 3
Week 4
Week 5
Week 6
Week 7
Week 8
Week 9
Week 10
1. Introduction: Combat
2. A Social History of Soldiers
Seminar A: People at War
3 The First World War: Total War.
Reinvention Centre Session: War, its Portrayal and
Historical Space
4. The First World War: War Leadership
Seminar B: War as a State of Mind: The First
World War
Reading Week
5.The Asymmetry of Small Wars: ‘Colonial’ War
Seminar C: Cultures of War and Memorialisation
(this session will be held in the Reinvention Studio)
6. Militarism
7. The Second World War: The West
Seminar D: The Second World War: A People’s
War
8. The Second World War: The East
9. Seminar (Film)
10. Civilians, Casualties, Medicine, Disease and
War
11. The Sinews of War
Seminar E: Supplying War: Economics, Civilians,
Casualties, Logistics
12. Conflict in South West Asia (The Middle East)
since 1945
Reinvention Centre Session (tbc)
13 The Media and War
Seminar F: The Iconography, the Media and the
Culture of War (with reference to SW Asia)
14. The Cold War
Reading Week
15. Insurgency and Guerrilla War
Seminar G: The Era of the Bomb: The Cold War in
Perspective
16. COIN: Vietnam and Malaya, Aden and Algeria
17. Terrorism in Historical Perspective
Seminar H: Armed Struggle
18. Opposing War and Conflict Resolution
Reinvention Centre Session (tbc)
7
Summer Term
Week 1
Seminar I: Conflict Resolution in the Twentieth
Century
Notes: Long essay tutorial sessions will take place in the last week of the Spring term and/or in weeks
1-2 of the Summer term.
General reading
Please note that this list is by no means exhaustive and is meant as a guide for course. Please be proactive in seeking
out other texts. The list has been organised as (1) physical texts, (2) electronic sources and (3) journal articles. LG =
Learning Grid (reference copies).
Recommended Essential Texts
Your tutor will advise you on which texts are essential to the course. If you wish to purchase one or
works which you can make use of throughout the module, the following are recommended for their
versatility and affordability.
Black, Jeremy, Rethinking Military History (London: Routledge, 2004) 0415275342
Keegan, J., A History of Warfare (London: Pimlico Press, 2004) 18441 3749X
General Synoptic Surveys
Besteman, Catherine, Violence: a Reader (London, 2002) HF 3360.V4
Black, Jeremy, War and the World (London, 1998) free on-line, LG, and D210.B5
---, Western Warfare, 1775-1882 (London, 2001) U39.B5 (see also Warfare and the Western
World) U39.B5
---, War Since 1945 (London, 2004)
---, Introduction to Global Military History (London, 2005) D25.B5
---, War and the New Disorder in the Twenty-First Century, 2nd edn., (London, 2004)
Black, J., ed., War in the Modern World Since 1815 (London, 2003) D361.W2
Bond, Brian, War and Society in Europe, 1870-1970 (London, 1984) D 396.B6
Chandler, D.G., The Art of Warfare on Land (London, 2001)
Clausewitz, General Carl von, On War (1832), eds., Michael Howard and Peter Paret (USA:
Princeton, 1976) U102.C5 (useful to understand doctrine and theories behind war)
Dixon, Norman, On the Psychology of Military Incompetence (London, 1976) UB 200.D4
Ellis, John, The Social History of the Machine Gun (London, 1976) UF 620.A2
Foot, M.R.D. ed., War and Society (London, 1973) U19.F6
Freedman, L., ed., War (Oxford, 1994) U21.W2 Interesting collection of sources.
Fuller, Maj Gen J.F.C., The Conduct of War 1789-1961 (London, 1992) U39.F8 Orthodox history
Hall, John, ‘War and the Rise of the West’ in Colin Creighton & Martin Shaw, eds., The Sociology
of War and Peace (London, 1987) - not in library (have to order)
Holmes, Richard, Firing Line (London, 1985) U21.5H6 Now published under a different title in USA
Howard, Michael, War in European History (Oxford,1976) Eurocentric, orthodox, military history
----, The Causes of Wars (London, 1985) U21.H6
---, The Invention of Peace: Reflections on War and International Order (London, 2000) - not in
library
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Jones, A., The Art of War in the Western World (Illinois, 2001) U27.J6
Keegan, J., The Face of Battle (London, 2004) U21.K3
---, A History of Warfare (London, 2004) U27.K3
Marwick, Arthur, War and Social Change in the Twentieth Century (London,1974) D429.T6
---, ed., War, Peace and Social Change, 1900-1955 (London, 1988) D424.W2
McInnes, C., and G. Sheffield, Warfare in the Twentieth Century (London, 1988)
Paret, P., ed., Makers of Modern Strategy (1986) U39.M2
Parker, Geoffrey, The Cambridge Illustrated History of Warfare (Cambridge, 1995) U27.C2
Pick, D., War Machine: The Rationalisation of Slaughter in the Modern Age (1993) U21.P4
Sofsky, Wolfgang, Violence, Terrorism, Genocide, War (London, 2003) JD 300.S6
Sondhaus, Lawrence, Naval Warfare, 1815-1914 (London, 2000) electronic resource
Strachan, H., European Armies and the Conduct of War (London, 1983) U39.S8
Van Creveld, M., Command in War (USA: Cambridge, MA, 1985) UB 210.V2
---, The Art of War: War and Military Thought (London, 2002) U27.V2
---, Transformation of War (Oxford, 1991)
---, Technology and War (reference to follow) U27.V2
Walzer, M., Just and Unjust Wars (New York, 1992) U21.W2
Wawro, Geoffrey, Warfare and Society in Europe, 1792-1914 (London, 2000) free on-line resource
National Armies (A Selection)
Chandler, David and Ian Beckett, The Oxford History of the British Army (Oxford, 1994)
French, David, The British Way in Warfare, 1688-2000 (London, 1990)
Gooch, John, Army, State and Society in Italy, 1870-1915 (New York: Wiley, 1974)
Kitchen, Martin, The German Officer Corps (Oxford, 1968)
---, A Military History of Germany (USA: Bloomington, 1975)
Menning, Bruce W., Bayonets before Bullets: The Imperial Russian Army, 1861-1914 (USA:
Bloomington, 1992)
Porch, Douglas, The March to the Marne: The French Army, 1971-1914 (Cambridge, 1981)
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Seminar 1
Seminar questions:
Each seminar reading list is prefaced by a few questions, which are simply some suggestions for
discussion. They are relevant for essays, but they are not intended to provide a rigid framework for
seminars, which are a forum to discuss the subject more broadly. It is perfectly reasonable to bring other
related issues into the discussion.
A: People at War: Combat, Military History and the Social History of Soldiers
 How is ‘war’ and ‘conflict’ defined?
 Does history provide explanations of why people fight?
 How are men organised and transformed to conduct war?
 How are historians to approach the ‘face of battle’?
 What are the limitations of current military history?
Essential Reading
Black, Jeremy, Rethinking Military History (London: Routledge, 2004) 0415275342 ch1
Richard Holmes, Firing Line (London, 1985) Main Library U 21.5 .H6
Key texts are marked *
Combat
*Bourke, Joanna, An intimate history of killing: face-to-face killing in twentieth-century warfare
(London: Granta, 1999)
Cameron, C., American Samurai: Myth, Imagination and the Conduct of Battle in the First Marine
Division, 1941-51 (New York, 1994)
Ellis, J., The Sharp End of War (London, 1980 and 1993)
Gray, J.G., The Warriors: Reflections on Men in Battle (New York, 1959)
Jary, Sydney, 18 Platoon (London, 1987)
*Keegan, J., The Face of Battle (London: The Harvill Press, 2004)
Lynn, J., Battle: A History of Combat and Culture (Boulder, Colorado, 2003)
Province, Charles M., Patton's Third Army: a daily combat diary (New York, 1992)
Stouffer, Samuel A., ed., The American Soldier: combat and its aftermath (Manhattan, Kansas,
1977)
Winter, Denis, Death’s Men (London, 1978)
Johnston, James W., The long road of war [electronic resource]: a marine's story of Pacific combat
(Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1998)
Social History
Bartov, O., Hitler’s Army: Soldiers, Nazis, and the War in the Third Reich (Oxford, 1991)
Browning, Christopher, Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101 and the Final Solution in
Poland (London, 1998)
10
De Pauw, L.G., Battle Cries and Lullabies: Women in War from Prehistory to the Present (Norman,
Oklahoma, 1998)
Doorn, Jacques van, Armed Forces and Society (The Hague, Mouton, 1968)
Enloe, Cynthia, Does Khaki Become You? The Militarization of Women’s Lives (Pluto,1983)
Fritz, S., Frontsoldaten: The German Soldier in World War II (Lexington, Kentucky, 1995)
Harris, S.L., Harlem’s Hell Fighter’s: The African American 369th Infantry in World War I
(Washington, 2003)
Hockey, John, Squaddies: Portrait of a Sub-Culture (Exeter, 1986)
Howard, M., ed., The Laws of War (London, 1994)
Janowitz, Morris, The Professional Soldier (Free Press, 1960)
---, The New Military (Norton, 1969)
McKee, C., Sober Men and True: Sailor Lives in the Royal Navy, 1900-1945 (Cambridge, Mass.,
2002)
Mershon, S., and S. Schlossman, Foxholes and Color Lines: Desegregating the US Armed Forces
(Baltimore, Maryland, 1998)
Moskos, Charles, The American Enlisted Man (Sage, 1970)
Reese, R., The Soviet Military Experience (London, 1999)
Zuercher, E.J., ed., Arming the State: Military Conscription inn the Middle East and Central Asia,
1775-1925 (London, 1999)
Bradford, James C., ed., The military and conflict between cultures [electronic
resource]: soldiers at the interface (Texas A & M University Press, 1997)
Military History
Belich, J., The Victorian Interpretation of Racial Conflict: the Maori, the British and the New
Zealand Wars (London, 1999)
Black, J., Introduction to Global Military History (Routledge, 2005)
Black, J., Warfare in the Western World, 1882-1975 (Acumen, 2001)
Black, J., War: Past, Present and Future (Stroud, 2000)
Bond, B., War and Society in Europe 1870-1970 (Sutton Publishing, 1998)
Chandler, D.G., The Art of Warfare on Land (Penguin, 2001)
Danchev, A., Alchemist of War: The Life of Basil Liddell Hart (London, 1998)
Farrell, Theo, and Terry Terriff, eds., The Sources of Military Change: Culture, Politics, Technology
(London, 2002)
Foot, M.R.D., ed, War and Society (Elek, 1973)
Freedman, L., ed., War (Oxford, 1994)
Fuller, Maj Gen J.F.C., The Conduct of War 1789-1961 (London,1992)
Hanson, V., ‘The Dilemma of the Contemporary Military Historian’ in E. Fox-Genovese and E.
Lasch-Qinn, eds., Reconstructing History (London, 1999)
Hattendorf, J.B., ed., Ubi Sumus? The State of Naval and Maritime History (Newport, 1994)
*Howard, A., War in European History (Oxford, 2001)
Jones, A., The Art of War in the Western World (Illinois, 2001)
Messenger, C., ed., Readers Guide to Military History (London, 2001)
Reid, B.H., Studies in British Military Thought: Debates with Fuller and Liddell Hart (Lincoln,
Nebraska, 1998)
Smith, M.R., and L. Marx, ed., Does Technology Drive History? The Dilemma of Technological
Determinism (Cambridge, Mass, 1994)
11
Van Creveld, M., The Art of War: War and Military Thought (Cassell Military, 2002)
Lynn, J., ‘The Embattled Future of Academic Military History’, Journal of Military History 61 (1997)
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Seminar B
The First World War






Why was there a genesis of trench warfare?
Was the outcome of the First World War technologically determined?
What was the nature of Total War?
How did states sustain the war effort amongst civilians?
Why are there controversies about war leadership?
Why have the global dimensions of the war been regarded as ‘sideshows’?
Total War: The First World War, War Leadership
Ashworth, Tony, The Live and Let Live System (London, 1981)
---, ‘Sociology of Trench Warfare’ British Journal of Sociology, 1968
Barnett, Correlli, The Sword Bearers (London, 1963)
Beckett, Ian F.W., ‘Total War’, in Colin McInnes & GD Sheffield, eds, Warfare in the Twentieth
Century Theory and Practice (1988)
Beckett, I., ‘Total War’, in C. Emsley, ed., War, Peace and Social Change in Twentieth-Century
Europe (London, 1989)
Corrigan, Andrew, Mud, Blood and Poppycock (London, 2004)
Clark, Alan, The Donkeys (London, 1961)
Ferguson, Niall, The Pity of War (1998)
Fussell, Paul, The Great War and Modern Memory (London, 1975)
Griffith, Paddy, Battle Tactics on the Western Front (USA: New Haven, 1994)
Groot, Gerard de, The First World War (London, 2001)
Gudmundsson, Bruce I., Stormtroop Tactics (Westport, 1989)
Herwig, Holger H., The First World War: Germany and Austria-Hungary, 1914-1918 (London,
1997)
Holmes, Richard, The Western Front (London, 1999)
Kocka, Jurgen, Facing Total War (German Society 1914-18) (Leamington, 1985)
Krell, A., The Devil’s Rope: A Cultural History of Barbed Wire (London, 2002)
Leed, Eric J., No Man's Land: combat & identity in World War I (Cambridge,1979)
MacDonald, Lynn, 1914 (London, 1987)
---, 1915: Death of Innocence (London, 1993)
---, Somme (London, 1983)
---, They Called it Passchendaele (London, 1978)
---, To The Last Man (London, 1998)
Malkasian, C., A History of Modern Wars of Attrition (Westport, 2002)
Marwick, Arthur, The Deluge (London, 1965)
Middlebrook, Martin, The First Day on the Somme (London, 1971 and 1984)
Neillands, Robin, The Great War Generals on the Western Front (London, 1999)
Ousby, Ian, The Road to Verdun: France, Nationalism and the First World War (London, 2003)
Smith, L.V., S. Audoin-Rouzeau and A. Becker, France and the Great War 1914-1918 (Cambridge,
2003)
Terraine, John, White Heat: The New Warfare, 1914-1918 (London, )
Winter, Denis, Death’s Men (London, 1978)
---, Haig’s Command (USA: New York, 1991)
13
Woodward, David R., Field Marshal Sir William Robertson (Westport, 1998)
Wilmott, H.P., When Men Lost Faith in Reason: reflections on War and Society in the Twentieth
Century (Westport, 2002)
‘Some Aspects of the Demographic Consequences of the First World War in Britain’, J. M. Winter, Population Studies,
Vol. 30, No. 3. (Nov., 1976), pp.539-552.
http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0032-4728%28197611%2930%3A3%3C539%3ASAOTDC%3E2.0.CO%3B2-A
‘Total War: Total History’, Keith Neilson, Military Affairs, Vol. 51, No. 1. (Jan., 1987), pp.
17-21.
http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0026-3931%28198701%2951%3A1%3C17%3ATWTH%3E2.0.CO%3B2-5
‘The Impact of Total War’, Ralph H. Blodgett, The American Economic Review, Vol. 36, No. 2, Papers and
Proceedings of the Fifty-eighth Annual Meeting of the American Economic Association. (May, 1946), pp. 126-138.
http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0002-8282%28194605%2936%3A2%3C126%3ATIOTW%3E2.0.CO%3B2-F
Lih, Lars T., Bread and authority in Russia, 1914-1921 [electronic resource] (Berkeley: University of
California Press, 1990)
Philips, G., ‘Douglas Haig and the Development of Twentieth Century Cavalry’ Archives, 28 (2003):
141-62.
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Seminar C
Seminar questions:
C: Cultures of War: Militarism and Colonial War
 What was the nature of colonial war before 1914?
 How far, before the First World war, was there a ‘culture of war’ in the West?
 To what extent did colonial wars influence Western thinking about war?
 What were the political, economic, social, and cultural implications of militarism?
 What assessments can be made about the relationship between the culture of war and the
causes of war?
Cultures of War: Colonial War and Militarism
Colonial War
Gooch, J., ed.,The Boer War: Direction, Experience, and Image (London, 2000)
Lowry, Donal, ed., The South African War Reappraised (Manchester, 2000)
Murphey, R., Ottoman Warfare, 1815-1914 (London, 2000)
Pakenham, Thomas, The Boer War (London and New York, 1979)
Vandervort, Bruce, Wars of Imperial Conquest in Africa, 1830-1914 (London, 1998)
Walder, David, The Short Victorious War: The Russo-Japanese Conflict, 1904-05 (London, 1973)
Militarism
*Berghahn, V.R., Militarism: The History of an International Debate 1861-1979 (Cambridge UP,
1981)
Bernhardi, Friedrich von, Germany and the Next War (New York, 1914) [1912]
Blank, S.J., et al, eds., Conflict and Culture in History (Washington, 1993)
Black, J., War and the World 1450-2000 (London and New Haven, 1998)
Carsten, F.L., The Reichswehr and Politics (Oxford, 1966)
Case, Lynn M., French Opinion on War and Diplomacy during the Second Empire (New York,
1972)
Coetzee, M.S., The German Army League: Popular Nationalism in Wilhelmine Germany (New York
and Oxford, 1990)
Enloe, Cynthia, Does Khaki Become You? The Militarization of Women’s Lives (London, 1983)
Frank, Andre Gunder, ‘Third World Militarism’, Third World Quarterly, (1980)
Hall, John, ‘War and the Rise of the West’ in Colin Creighton & Martin Shaw, eds., The Sociology
of War and Peace (Macmillan, 1987)
Harrison, D. Social Militarisation and the Power of History: A Study of Scholarly Perspectives
(Oslo, 1999)
Jandora, J.W., Militarism in Arab Society: A Historiographical and Bibliographical Sourcebook
(Westport, 1997)
Liebknecht, Karl, Militarism and Anti-Militarism (Writers/Readers, 1972)
Mazrui, A., The Warrior Tradition in Modern Africa (London, 1977)
Shaw, Martin, Post-Military Society (London, 1991)
Taithe, Bertrand, and Tim Thornton, eds., War (London, 1998)
Vagts, Alfred, A history of militarism, civilian and military (Hollis, 1959)
15
Wawro, G., War and Society in Europe, 1792-1914 (Routledge, 2000)
Causes of War
Belleseilles, M., ed., Lethal Imagination: Violence and Brutality in American History (New York,
1989)
*Black, Jeremy, Why Wars Happen (Reaktion, 1998)
Bramson, Leon and George W. Goethals, eds., War: Studies from Psychology, Sociology and
Anthropology (London, 1978) note chapters by Malinowski, Mead, & Spencer
Ehrenreich, Barbara, Blood Rites: Origins and History of the Passions of War (London, 1997)
Hall, R., The Balkan Wars: Prelude to the First World War (London, 2000)
*Howard, Michael, The Causes of Wars (Allen & Unwin,1985)
Kaldor, Mary, ‘Warfare and Capitalism’, in E.P. Thompson et al, Exterminism and Cold War
(London, 1982)
Kennedy, Paul M., ed., The War Plans of the Great Powers, 1880-1914 (London, 1979)
Langdon, John W., July 1914: the Long Debate, 1918-1990 (USA: New York, 1991)
Smith, Iain R., The Origins of the South African War (London, 1996)
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Seminar D: The Peoples War: The Second World War
 How can we account for the initial successes of the Wehrmacht?
 How did Western states sustain their war efforts despite military setbacks?
 Why did the Soviet Union recover and defeat Hitler’s armies?
 What conclusions can be drawn about war leadership in the conflict?
 What was the nature of the war in Asia compared with that conducted in the West?
 What assessments can be made about the Japanese forces, its home front, and its campaigns
of 1941-45?
 How satisfactory are current histories of the war; what are the weaknesses of the existing
historiography?
Bartov, Omar, Eastern Front (LG resource)
Beckett, Ian F.W., ‘Total War’, in Colin McInnes & GD Sheffield, eds, Warfare in the Twentieth
Century Theory and Practice (Unwin Hyman, 1988)
Bond, B., and M. Taylor, eds., The Battle for France and Flanders: Sixty Years On (Barnsley, 2001)
Buckley, J., Air Power in the Age of Total War (London, 1998)
Calder, Angus, The People’s War: Britain 1939-45 (London, 1969)
Calvacoressi, Peter, and Guy Wint, Total War: Causes and Courses of the Second World War
(London, 1974)
Dower, J.W., War without Mercy: Race and Power in the Pacific War (London, 1986)
Freedman, J.R., Whistling in the Dark: Memory and Culture in Wartime London (Lexington,
Kentucky, 2002)
Gat, A., Fascist and Liberal Visions of War (Oxford, 1998)
Glantz, D.M., Kharkov 1942: Anatomy of a Military Disaster Through Soviet Eyes (New York, 1998)
---, Barbarossa: Hitler’s Invasion of Russia, 1941 (Stroud, 2001)
---, The Battle for Leningrad, 1941-44 (Lawrence, Kansas, 2002)
Glantz, D.M., and J.M. House, The Battle of Kursk (London, 1999)
Harrison, T., Living through the Blitz (1976)
Linderman, Gerald F., The World Within War: America's combat experience in World War II
(Cambridge, London, Harvard University Press, 1999)
Lyn, Neil, The Afro-American in WWII (LG resource)
Markusen, Eric, and David Kopf, The Holocaust and Strategic Bombing: Genocide and Total War
in the Twentieth Century (Westview, 1995)
Marwick, Arthur, War and Social Change in the Twentieth Century (Macmillan, 1974)
---, ed, Total War and Social Change(Macmillan, 1988)
---, Open University: War and Society: World War I, World War II (Milton Keynes, OU
Press, 1973)
Newton, S.H., ed., Kursk: The German View (Cambridge, Mass., 2002)
Sherry, M.S., The Rise of American Air Power: The Creation of Armageddon (New Haven, 1987)
Spector, R., At War, At Sea: Sailors and Naval and Naval Warfare in the Twentieth Century
(London, 2001)
Thorne, Christopher, The Far Eastern War: States and Societies 1941-45 (London, 1986)
‘Place Annihilation: Area Bombing and the Fate of Urban Places’, Kenneth Hewitt, Annals of the Association of
American Geographers, Vol.73, No. 2. (Jun., 1983), pp. 257-284.
http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0004-5608%28198306%2973%3A2%3C257%3APAABAT%3E2.0.CO%3B2-D
17
Conan, Eric, Vichy [electronic resource]; translated and annotated by Nathan Bracher (Hanover :
University Press of New England, 1998).
Gilmore, Allison B., You can't fight tanks with bayonets [electronic resource]:
psychological warfare against the Japanese Army in the
Southwest Pacific (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1998).
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Seminar E: Supplying War: Economics, Civilians, Casualties, Medicine and Logistics
 What factors lead soldiers to commit atrocities?
 What effects have the growing importance of civilians in total war economies had on the
conduct and outcome of war?
 How far does ‘culture’ explain the willingness to sustain casualties, or to inflict mass casualties
through bombing?
 How important are diseases, and medicine, in the conduct of war?
 What assessment can be made of the treatment of mental casualties in the West?
 How important are economics in the waging of war?
Babington, Anthony, Shell-shock: a history of the changing attitudes to war neurosis (London: Leo
Cooper, 1997)
Barnett, Corelli, The Audit of War (Macmillan, 1986)
Binnevald, Hans, From shell shock to combat stress: a comparative history of military
psychiatry; translated from the Dutch by John O'Kane (Amsterdam, 1997) UH 629.B4
Chang, I., The Rape of Nanking: the Forgotten Holocaust of World War II (London, 1997)
Emsley, C., ed., War, Peace, and Social Change in Twentieth Century Europe, (London 1989)
[esp chs. 1, 6, 10-12, and 14]
Dewey, Larry, War and Redemption: treatment and recovery in combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2004).
Glover, Jonathan, Humanity: A Moral History of the Twentieth Century (London, 1999) BJ319
G4
Harrison, M., ed., The Economics of World War II: Six Great Powers in International
Comparison (Cambridge, 2000) LG
---, The Soviet Home Front: A Social and Economic History of the Soviet Union in the
Second World War (London, 1991)
Hicks, G., The Comfort Women: Japan’s Brutal Regime of Enforced Prostitution in the
Second World War (London, 2004)
Higonnet, Margaret, ed., Behind the Lines: Gender and the Two World Wars (London, 1987)
Horne, J., and A. Kramer, German Atrocities, 1914: A History of Denial (New Haven, 2001)
Lerner, Paul Frederick, Hysterical Men: war, psychiatry, and the politics of trauma in
Germany, 1890-1930 (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2003) RC 550 L3
Levene, M., and P. Roberts, eds., The Massacre in History (Oxford, 1989)
Milward, Alan S., War, Economy and Society 1939-45 (Allen Lane, 1977)
Noakes, J., ed., The Civilian in War (London, 1992) LG
Van Creveld, M., Supplying War (Cambridge, 2004)
On line source: ‘War, Casualties, and Public Opinion’, Scott Sigmund Gartner; Gary M. Segura
The Journal of Conflict Resolution, Vol. 42, No. 3, Opening up the Black Box of War: Politics and the Conduct of War.
(Jun., 1998), pp. 278-300: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=00220027%28199806%2942%3A3%3C278%3AWCAPO%3E2.0.CO%3B2-K
Predicting the Termination of War: Battle Casualties and Population Losses, Frank L. Klingberg
The Journal of Conflict Resolution, Vol. 10, No. 2. (Jun., 1966), pp. 129-171:
http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=00220027%28196606%2910%3A2%3C129%3APTTOWB%3E2.0.CO%3B2-9
19
Shell-Shock as a Social Disease, George L. Mosse, Journal of Contemporary History, Vol. 35, No. 1, Special Issue:
Shell-Shock. (Jan., 2000), pp. 101-108:
http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=00220094%28200001%2935%3A1%3C101%3ASAASD%3E2.0.CO%3B2-U
‘The Impact of the First World War on Civilian Health in Britain’, J. M. Winter, The Economic History Review, New
Series, Vol. 30, No. 3. (Aug., 1977), pp. 487-507.
http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0013-0117%28197708%292%3A30%3A3%3C487%3ATIOTFW%3E2.0.CO%3B2-F
Barnett, Michael N., Confronting the costs of war [electronic resource]: military
power, state, and society in Egypt and Israel (Princeton, 1992).
Huebner, Klaus H., Long walk through war [electronic resource]: a combat doctor's
diary (Texas A & M University Press, 1987)
20
Seminar F: The Iconography of War: Sieges, Media and War (identity and memorialisation)
 How has war been portrayed in the twentieth century, and with what effects?
 How do we account for civilian attitudes towards war, soldiers and soldiering in the West?
 How is war ‘remembered’ and what implications does this have for military historiography?
 What are the experience of sieges and how are sieges memorialised?
 Why do sieges still occur in an era of mechanisation and mobility?
Badsey, S., ‘British High Command and the Reporting of the Campaign’, B. Bond and M. Taylor,
eds., The Battle for France and Flanders: Sixty Years On (Barnsley, 2001)
Bentley, Nicolas, ed., William Howard Russell’s Despatches from the Crimea, 1854-56
(London, 1996)
Coleman, K.M., ‘The Pedant Goes to Hollywood: The Role of the Academic Consultant’ in
M.M. Winkler, M., ed., Gladiator: Film and History (Oxford, 2004): 45-52.
Farrar, Martin, News from the Front (London, 1998)
Freedman, Des and Daya Kishan Thussu, War and the Media: reporting Conflict 24/7
(London, 2003)
Fussell, Paul, The Great War and Modern Memory (London, 1975)
Herr, M ., Dispatches (London, 1978), [accounts by a reporter in Vietnam]
Higgins, Marguerite, War in Korea: the report of a woman combat correspondent (New York,
1951)
Hoskins, Andrew, Televising War: from Vietnam to Iraq (London, 2004)
Hynes, S., A War Imagined: The First World War and English Culture (London, 1990)
Kane, Kathryn, Visions of War: Hollywood combat films of World War II (Ann Arbor, 1982)
Knightley, Phillip, The First Casualty (London, 1975)
Lloyd, D.W., Battlefield Tourism: Pilgrimage and the Commemoration of the Great War in Britain,
Australia and Canada, 1919-1939 (London, 1998)
Mosse, G.L., Fallen Soldiers: Reshaping the Memory of the World Wars (New York, 1991)
Paris, M., Warrior Nation: Images of War in British Popular Culture 1850-2000 (London, 2002)
Schivelbusch, W., The Culture of Defeat: On National Trauma, Mourning and Recovery (New
York, 2003)
Suid, L.H., Guts and Glory: The Making of the American Military Image in Film (Lawrence,
Kentucky, 2002)
---, Sailing on the Silver Screen: Hollywood and the US Navy (Annapolis, 1996)
Summerfield, P., ed., Reconstructing Women’s Wartime Lives: Discourse and Subjectivity in Oral
Histories of the Second World War (London, 1998)
Winter, J., Sites of Memory, Sites of Mourning: The Great War in European Cultural History
(New York, 1995)
‘The Siege of Leningrad’, Constantine Krypton, Russian Review, Vol. 13, No. 4. (Oct., 1954), pp.255-265.
http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0036-0341%28195410%2913%3A4%3C255%3ATSOL%3E2.0.CO%3B2-A
Hoffenberg, P.H., ‘Landcsape, Memory and the Australian War Experience’ Journal of
Contemporary History 26 (2001): 111-31.
21
Seminar G: The Era of the Bomb: The Cold War in Perspective
 How effective are WMD? What effective did the ‘shadow of the bomb’ have on Western
thinking?
 What was the nature of the Korean War?
 Why were the Americans unable to win the Vietnam War?
 Is a comparative analysis of Malaya and Vietnam possible?
 What was the nature of the wars in Africa and Asia after 1945?
 What assessment can be made about the relative position of the Cold War and non-Western
conflicts in military historiography?
Baker, M., Nam (London, 1982)
Black, J., War Since 1945 (Routledge, 2004)
Cotton, J., and I.J. Neary, eds., The Korean War in History (Manchester, 1989)
Elleman, B. A., Modern Chinese Warfare, 1795-1989 (Routledge, 2001)
Freedman, Lawrence, The Evolution of Nuclear Strategy (Macmillan, 1982)
Halliday, F., The Making of the Second Cold War (Verso, 2nd edn., 1986)
Hunter, Allen, ed., Rethinking the Cold War (Temple University Press, 1998)
Kaldor, Mary, The Imaginary War: Understanding the East-West Conflict (Blackwell 1990)
---, ‘Warfare and Capitalism’, in E.P. Thompson et al, Exterminism and Cold War (Verso,
1982)
Kolko, Gabriel, Vietnam: Anatomy of a War (Allen & Unwin, 1985)
McMahon, Robert J., Major Problems in the History of the Vietnam War (London, 1995)
Medhurst, M., and H.W. Brands, eds., Critical Reflections on the Cold War: Linking Rhetoric
and History (Texas, 2000). [Electronic resource]
Rose, K., One Nation Underground: The Fallout Shelter in American Culture (London, 2001)
Sandler, Stanley, The Korean War (London, 2005)
Tucker, S., Vietnam (London, 1998)
Toland, John, In mortal combat: Korea, 1950-1953 (New York, 1991)
Walsh, A. L., Tell Me Lies About Vietnam: Cultural Battles Over the Meaning of the War
(London, 1988)
‘The Decision to Divide Germany and the Origins of the Cold War’, R. Harrison Wagner, International Studies
Quarterly, Vol. 24, No. 2. (Jun.,1980), pp. 155-190.
http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0020-8833%28198006%2924%3A2%3C155%3ATDTDGA%3E2.0.CO%3B2-A
‘Cold War Origins’, I, Paul Seabury, Journal of Contemporary History, Vol. 3, No. 1. (Jan.,1968), pp. 169-182.
http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0022-0094%28196801%293%3A1%3C169%3ACWOI%3E2.0.CO%3B2-4
‘Cold War Origins’, II, Brian Thomas, Journal of Contemporary History, Vol. 3, No. 1. (Jan.,1968), pp. 183-198.
http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0022-0094%28196801%293%3A1%3C183%3ACWOI%3E2.0.CO%3B2-4
Mlyn, Eric, The state, society, and limited nuclear war [electronic resource]
(Albany : State University of New York Press, 1995)
Neville Maxwell, India’s China War http://www.centurychina.com/plaboard/uploads/1962war.htm
22
Seminar H: Armed Struggle
 What is the nature of guerrilla war and terrorism?
 What are the strategies of counter-terrorism?
 Why did the ‘Armed Struggle’ in Northern Ireland end? Can comparative analyses be made
with non-Western conflicts in the Middle East and South Asia?
 What are the implications of the American ‘Revolution in Military Affairs’ and ‘Expeditionary
Warfare’ for collective security, peace-keeping, non-proliferation and the ‘War on Terror’?
Akbar, M.J., The Shade of Swords: Jihad and the Conflict Between Islam and Christianity
(Routledge, 2003)
Beckett, Ian F.W., Modern Insurgencies and Counter-Insurgencies (London, 2001)
Bregman, A., Israel’s Wars, 1947-1993 (London, 2000)
Clayton, A., Frontiersmen: Warfare in Africa Since 1950 (London, 1998)
Dodge, T., and S. Simon, eds., Iraq at the Crossroads: State and Society in the Shadow of Regime
Change (Oxford, 2003)
Feigenbaum, E.A., China’s Techno-Warriors: National Security and Strategic Competition from the
Nuclear to the Information Age (Stanford, 2003)
Jandora, J.W., Militarism in Arab Society: An Historiographical and Bibliographical Sourcebook
(Westport, 1997)
Johnson, R., A Region in Turmoil: South Asian Conflicts Since 1947 (Reaktion, 2005)
Karsh, E., Fabricating Israeli History: The ‘New Historians’ (London, 2000)
Moreman, T.R., The Army in India and the Development of Frontier Warfare, 1849-1947 (1998)
Morris, B., Righteous Victims: A History of the Zionist-Arab Conflict, 1881-2001 (New York, 2001)
Read, Christopher, From Tsar to Soviets: The Russian People and Their Revolution 1917-21
(1996)
Sokolsky, R.D., The United States and the Persian Gulf: Reshaping Security Strategy for the PostContainment Era (Washington, 2003)
Wheatcroft, A., Infidels: The Conflict between Christendom and Islam, 638-2002 (London, 2002)
Terrorism
Booth, K., and T. Dunne, eds., Worlds in Collision: Terror and the Future of Global Order (2002)
Chomsky, Noam, Power and Terror (2004)
---, The Culture of Terrorism (1989)
Clarke, Richard A., Against All Enemies: Inside America’s War on Terrorism (2004)
Falk, Richard, The Great Terror War (2003)
Geifman, Anna, Thou Shalt Kill: Revolutionary Terrorism in Russia 1894-1917 (1993)
Laqueur, Walter, The Age of Terrorism (1987)
Laqueuer, Walter, ed., The Terrorism Reader (1987)
Randall-White, Jonathan, Terrorism: an Introduction (1991)
Rubin, Barry, The politics of Terrorism: Terror as a State and Revolutionary Strategy (1989)
Townshend, Charles Terrorism: a Very Short Introduction (2004)
Venturi, Franco, Roots of Revolution: a History of populist and Socialist Movements in Nineteenthcentury Russia (1960)
Wilkinson, Paul, Terrorism and the Liberal State (1986)
23
Levy, Yagil, Trial and error [electronic resource]: Israel's route from war
to de-escalation (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1997)
Juergensmeyer, Mark, The new Cold War? [electronic resource]: religious nationalism
confronts the secular state (London: University of California Press, 1993)
Sells, Michael Anthony, The bridge betrayed [electronic resource]: religion and genocide
in Bosnia (Berkeley, 1998)
Drew, D.M., ‘US Airpower Theory and the Insurgent Challenge: A Short Journey to Confusion’
Journal of Military History, 62 (1998): 809-32.
Raban, Jonathan, ‘The Truth About Terrorism’ New York Review of Books LII, No1, 13, (January
2005) pp.22-6.
Witty, D.M., ‘A regular Army in Counter-Insurgency Operations: Egypt and North Yemen, 1962-67’
Journal of Military History 65 (2001): 401-39
24
Seminar I: Opposing War
 How effective have peace movements been in the twentieth century?
 How have states responded to peace activists?
 What are the strategies and tactics of Western activists for peace, environmental and animal
protection, or anti-globalisation?
Black, J., War and the New Disorder in the Twenty-First Century, 2nd edn.,
(Continuum, 2004) 0826471242
Bruch, C.E., and J.E. Austin, eds., The Environmental Consequences of War: Legal, Economic,
and Scientific Perspectives (Cambridge, 2000): 647-64.
Hinton, James, Protests and Visions: Peace Politics in 20th Century Britain (London, 1989)
Kaltefleiter, Walter, and Robert Pfaltzgraff, The Peace Movements in Europe and the United States
(Croom Helm, 1985)
Mattausch, John, A Commitment to Campaign: A Sociological Study of CND (Manchester, 1989)
Rochon, Thomas R., Mobilizing for Peace: The Antinuclear Movements in Western Europe
(Princeton, 1988)
Russell, E., War and Nature: Fighting Humans and Insects with Chemicals from World War I to
‘Silent Spring’ (Cambridge, 2001).
Shaw, Martin, Post-Military Society (Polity, 1991)
Taylor, Richard, Against the Bomb: The British Peace Movement 1958-65 (Clarendon, 1988)
Taylor, Richard, & Nigel Young, eds., Campaigns for Peace: British Peace Movements in the
Twentieth Century (Manchester, 1987)
Poiger, Uta G., Jazz, Rock, and Rebels [electronic resource]: cold war politics and American
culture in a divided Germany (Berkeley, 2000)
Wilford, Rick, Women, Ethnicity and Nationalism [electronic resource] (London & New York:
Routledge, 1998).
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Web Resources
Journals (available via the University Library Catalogue)
Journal of Military History
Third World Quarterly
Comparative Politics
Web Resources in Military History (portals)
These are listed on the website at:
http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/arts/history/undergrad/modules/war/electronicresources/
Essay titles
You can come up with their own long essay titles, in consultation with me. The long
essay title should be shaped by one’s own interests and views of which debates and
themes are of historical significance. Tutorials will be arranged in the final weeks of Term
2 to discuss your long essay title and subject.
The below titles are for short essays.
Essay 1
Please choose ONE of the following:
1. Why, despite the intensity and lethality of modern warfare, did men enlist voluntarily in the
twentieth century? (You may limit your answer to the period 1897-1918)
2. Why were African and Asian armies defeated so often by the imperial powers between
1897 and 1918?
3. How valid was Belloc’s assessment that: ‘Whatever happens we have got/ The Maxim gun
and they have not’ in the context of colonial war?
4. Assess the consequences of European militarism in the early twentieth century.
5. To what extent was there a widespread ‘bellicose culture of war’ in the West before 1914?
6. How significant has the role of women been in the waging of war in the nineteenth and
twentieth centuries?
Length
The first short essay should be 2,000 words (excluding footnotes) with a maximum of 2,500.
Please include a word count, and type or word-process, using a generous left-hand margin and
wide spacing (one-and-a-half lines is ideal). Please number your pages. Word counts significantly
in excess of 2,500 must be edited to the correct word length; equally, essays below 1,800 words
will not be accepted.
26
Footnotes
If you ever quote an author, put any such passage inside single inverted commas, followed by a
number and a correspondingly numbered footnote on a separate list at the end (endnotes) or at the
bottom of the page (footnotes). (MS Word will automate this with its Insert menu) Statistics usually
require the same treatment. For instance: Curzon: ‘The Russian menace in the East is
incomparably greater than anything else [in the history of] the British Empire' .1
1.
G.N. Curzon, 2 September 1920, House of Lords Record Office, cited in Christopher
Andrew, Secret Service (London, 1985), p. 269.
Remember to punctuate your footnotes.
If in doubt about formatting, please consult the Style Guide in the Undergraduate Handbook.
Bibliography
About six sources of at least chapter or article length should be consulted and listed alphabetically
in a bibliography at the very end. The order of citations is: Author-Book-City-Date (ABCD!). For
instance: Berghahn, Volker, Imperial Germany 1871-1914: Economy, Society, Culture and Politics
(Oxford, 1994). Note also the italicisation of book titles. For more, again, see the Style Guide.
Remember that we are looking firstly for your ARGUMENT and your ability to grapple with IDEAS,
rather than dates and detail. Try if at all possible to avoid chronological, blow-by-blow narratives
and bear in mind that the whole thrust of the course is thematic. The introduction and conclusion
need special care when writing. For further information, visit:
http://www.hca.heacademy.ac.uk/resources/guides/essay_writing.php
Deadline: In the lecture of week 7, Autumn Term (please submit to the tutor at the lecture OR
before if at all possible). You are reminded that any problems with meeting this deadline must be
brought to the attention of the module tutor in advance, and not after the date. The advantage of
early submission is that your work will be returned far more quickly.
SUGGESTED FURTHER ESSAY TITLES
These are suggestions primarily for short essays for the remainder of the course. (You can
negotiate your own title in consultation with the module tutor, but, if you don’t like the ones listed
here, but you may not do so unilaterally) The list may also serve for long essays, but you are
encouraged to devise your own topics for these, and can come and talk to the module tutor for
advice in Weeks 9/10 of the Autumn Term, and again in Term 2. A long essay with a case-study of
a particular issue often works well, allowing you to go into some depth. Do bear in my mind the
value of placing any specific study within its broader historical and historiographical context. For
example, an analysis of the Battle of Kohima should be located in an evaluation of the contrasting
military cultures of the British and Japanese forces, the strategic tasking, and the physical and
logistical context. In general, by the end of the course, you should have written either on each of
the following periods: pre-1918; 1919-1954; post-1945, and on three broad themes, such as people
at war, media and war, asymmetrical warfare, the economies of war, total war or similar.
27
Deadlines:
See pages 4 and 5.
Essay Questions Relating to the Content of Term 1
 Why was there a genesis and perpetuation of trench warfare in 1914-18?
 How far was the outcome of the First World War technologically determined?
 How successfully did states sustain the war effort amongst civilians between 1914-18?
 Can the controversies about war leadership in the First World War be resolved?
 To what extent did the non-Western theatres of the First World War deserve the title
‘sideshows’?
 Account for the initial successes and ultimate failure of the Wehrmacht in the Second World
War.
 Compare the nature and effectiveness of war leadership of (at least) two military leaders in the
Second World War
 Critically analyse the effectiveness of the Soviet Union’s war effort and military campaigns in
the period 1941-45?
 What was the nature of the Second World War in Asia compared with that conducted in the
West?
 Account for the fortunes of the Japanese forces and their campaigns of 1937-45?
 How satisfactory are current histories of the Second World War?
 How valid is the assertion that: ‘democratised ‘people’s’ polities commit greater atrocities than
paternalist, authoritarian ones’?
 How far does ‘culture’ explain the willingness to sustain casualties, or to inflict mass casualties
through bombing?
 How important are diseases, and medicine, in the conduct of war, and what effects have they
had on attitudes towards sustaining casualties?
 What has been the effect of the rising costs of war on war and on society?
Suggested Essay Questions Relating to the Content of Term 2

‘The first casualty when war comes is truth’ (Senator Hiram Johnson, 1917) Is this verdict
on the media and war still valid after 1945?

Assess the long term consequences of the global arms trade since 1945

Critically analyse the thesis that arms manufacturers drive nations into war?

‘Gaining strategic position meant that every conflict around the globe mattered to the
Superpowers’ How valid is this assessment of the USA, China and the USSR in the Cold
War (1945-89)

Why were the Americans unable to prevail in Vietnam whilst the British succeeded in
Malaya?

How far were wars in Africa in the 1970s and 1980s ‘wars by proxy’ for the Superpowers?

Why have the conflicts since 1945 in either Central and South America or Africa generally
been so protracted?

Why have armies struggled to prevent their soldiers from committing atrocities?
28

What effects have the growing importance of civilians in total war economies had on the
conduct and outcome of war?

How far does ‘culture’ explain the willingness to sustain heavy casualties, or to inflict mass
casualties, through bombing?

How important were diseases, and medicine, to the conduct of war in the twentieth
century?

What assessment can be made of the changing treatment of mental casualties in the West
since 1900?

How important are logistics in the waging of war in the twentieth century in the nonWestern world?

How has war been portrayed and memorialised in the twentieth century, and with what
effects?

In terms of civilian attitudes towards war, soldiers and soldiering after 1945, is the West
becoming 'demilitarised'?

How is war ‘remembered’ and what implications does this have for military historiography?

Why do sieges still occur in an era of mechanisation and mobility?

Has the ‘shadow of the bomb’ had any effect on the frequency and nature of warfare since
1945?

How far can the outcome of the Vietnam War for America and South Vietnam be attributed
to a misunderstanding of what the war was about?

Is a comparative analysis of Malaya and Vietnam possible or valid?

What assessment can be made about the relative position of the Cold War (1945-89) and
non-Western conflicts in military historiography?

What are the strategies of counter-terrorism and how effective have they been in the
period 1941-2001?

In assessing how the ‘Armed Struggle’ in Northern Ireland came to an end, can
comparative analyses be made with non-Western conflicts in the Middle East or/and South
Asia?

What are the implications of the American ‘Revolution in Military Affairs’ and ‘Expeditionary
Warfare’ since the 1960s for collective security, peace-keeping, non-proliferation and the
‘War on Terror’?

How effective have peace movements been in the twentieth century?

How considerately and how effectively have states responded to peace activists?

How satisfactory are existing approaches to military history?
Finding books
The University Library stocks the vast majority of the material that you will need.
However, as is true of every library, Warwick Library’s collection is not exhaustive. Cooperation is always the key to successful library use: you must work together as a group
29
to ensure you all get to read the books and articles you need. Getting hold of material is
not a competition; seminars will be livelier and more interesting if everyone has the
opportunity to prepare for them.
You may wish to buy some general texts, or books that particularly interest you. The
University Bookshop will be able to order many of these for you. However, some of the
books we use are now out of print. There are secondhand bookshops in the local area,
including Oxfam and Portland Books in Leamington Spa. You may find the public
libraries in Coventry and Leamington stock some books. A very useful resource is
www.abebooks.com, an internet supplier of secondhand books at low cost.