A2 World Cities Scheme of Work 2009-2010
opics
CTONICS AND ASSOCIATED HAZARDS.
theory
main plates and their boundaries
n lessons:
eos.howstuffworks.com/search.php?media=video&terms=continental+drift
onics animation
earning Zone Class Clips - Investigating the Great Glen Fault – Geography
fWorks Videos "100 Greatest Discoveries: Sea Floor Spreading"
uptions of Eyjafjallajökull - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
eos.howstuffworks.com/science/convergent-plate-boundaries-videos-playlist.htm#video-5933
w.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es0804/es0804page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization
eos.howstuffworks.com/science/hot-spots-videos-playlist.htm#video-29183
w.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es0904/es0904page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization
Definitions, key
Case studies.
Composition and p
the core, mantle, c
Asthenosphere an
Low velocity layer,
process of partial m
(peridotite). Conve
currents.
Know the discontin
links with seismic w
Differences betwee
continental crust.(s
Evidence of the int
of the Earth.(direct
Intro seismic wave
s waves.
sea-floor spread
Evidence:
1.continental drif
palaeomagnetism
these (fit, geology,
mountain chains, g
Use examples from
America, S. Ameri
Sea-floor spreadin
Hess and Dietz. As
Wegner.
Plate boundaries:
Destructive,(ocea
Subduction zones
of Fire.
constructive (MO
valleys)- Mid-Atlan
Iceland case study
Rift Valley.
conservative plate
San Andreas fault.
Processes: seism
vulcanicity.
Associated landfor
fold mountains, r
ocean ridges, dee
trenches and isla
Hot spots associa
plumes of magma
their relationship to
movement.
Case studies:
Hawaii and Yellow
(supervolcano).
.
A2 World Cities Scheme of Work 2009-2010
d main characteristics of earthquakes:
the theory of plate tectonics and the existence of earthquakes.
Definition: stress
Elastic rebound th
Focus and epicent
seismic waves P a
surface waves.
in lessons:
c.usgs.gov/neis/qed/
w.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/the-kobe-earthquake/3070.html
c.discovery.com/videos/volcano-video/
ww.fema.gov/hazard/volcano/index.shtm
aracteristics and causes.
w.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/the-asian-tsunami-causes-and-effects/3195.html
ence.howstuffworks.com/nature/natural-disasters/tsunami2.htm
w.tsunami.noaa.gov/
es of recent (ideally within the last 30
events should be undertaken from
s of the world. In each case, the
be examined:
he seismic hazard;
he event;
of the hazard and responses to the
Earthquake meas
Seismograms and
Detection of earthq
using P and S wav
Measuring earthqu
Mercalli scale,
Measuring earthqu
magnitude: Richte
Seismic moment m
scale.
Effects of earthqua
movement, damag
liquefaction, landsl
aftershocks and ts
Management of ea
:modify event, vuln
loss. Seismic gap
level changes, gas
water levels etc.
Damage limitationdesign, planning. C
Kobe, Japan.
Indian Ocean, Bo
(2004).
Tohoku, Sendai, J
2011)
More Economical
Countries:
California, Loma
Kobe, Japan (199
Christchurch, New
Zealand(2011)
Tohoku, Sendai, J
2011)
L’Aquila, Italy (20
Less Economicall
Countries:
Sichuan, China((
Haiti (2010).
Gujarat,India(200
A2 World Cities Scheme of Work 2009-2010
‘ Why do some pl
more than others?
Factsheet).
plate tectonics and the nature of the vulcanicity.
Use map evidenc
orms.
Variations in the
frequency of vol
in relation to typ
margin and type
basaltic – acidic
the more precise
of basalt, andes
rhyolite. Charac
the lava and the
of this on he sha
volcano.
f volcanoes.
rms
dies of recent (within the last 30 years) volcanic events should be undertaken from contrasting areas of the
h case, the following should be examined:
ature of the volcanic hazard
mpact of the event
of the hazard and responses to the event.
ption:
/earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/view.php?id=19887
news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/7381652.stm
Major forms of e
activity – types o
lava plateaux, s
dome, ash and c
composite and c
Products of volc
gases, lavas, py
lahars. Example
include Nevada
(lahar) and Lake
(gasses).
Main case study
include: Minor fo
extrusive activity
hot springs and
Iceland and Yell
USA.
Modify event, vu
and loss. Mt. Etn
Sakurajima, Ves
Popocatapetl an
Pinatubo.
Sills, dykes and
and laccoliths. W
England and SW
A2 World Cities Scheme of Work 2009-2010
ELDC case stud
Chaiten, Chile.
Mt. Nyiragongo
Montserrat, Car
EMDC case stu
Mt Etna, Italy.
Mt St Helens, U
ND CLIMATE AND ASSOCIATED HAZARDS.
of the atmosphere.
hips between the factors leading to different climates
es:
://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/features/understanding/fronts.shtml
/www.knowitall.org/nasa/simulations/light/atmosphere.html
//www.srh.weather.gov/jetstream/global/jet.htm
/www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/7p.html
w.aoml.noaa.gov/
Tropospere, strato
mesosphere and
and the boundarie
them.
Composition of th
The atmospheri
budget, incomin
wave) and outgo
radiation(long w
variations in ene
heat- differentia
Horizontal and v
transfers.
Factors affecting
and the heating
atmosphere (lat
Altitude and env
lapse rates( dry
and saturated a
lapse rates). Alt
sun and differing
capacities of lan
sea.Prevailing w
ocean circulatio
conveyor belt.
Seasonal and d
factors. Local fa
as aspect, cloud
urbanisation.
A2 World Cities Scheme of Work 2009-2010
The general atm
circulation. Air p
their links with w
Planetary surfac
Tricullular mode
Ferrel and Hadle
Inter-tropical con
zone.
Jet streams and
waves. The imp
the Polar Front J
the UK climate.
of the British Isles
RATE WESTERN MARITIME CLIMATE.
hip between various climatological factors.
es:
ov.uk/weather/uk.
Basic climatic
characteristics:
precipitation and
Air masses affec
British Isles. Par
Polar Maritime a
Maritime and the
they create.
Origin and natur
depressions. W
changes associa
passage of a de
Remember Pos
Use of synoptic
satellite images.
Origin and natur
anticyclones. As
weather conditio
and summer.
Particular refere
radiation and ad
Storm events: th
occurrence, thei
the responses to
case study from
last 30 years sh
undertaken = Th
Storm of 1987.
Use flood event
support any que
extreme weathe
A2 World Cities Scheme of Work 2009-2010
Extreme Weathe
(Phillip Allan Up
A2 World Cities Scheme of Work 2009-2010
of one tropical region (either tropical
nna, or monsoon, or equatorial)
ONSOON climates.
Basic climatic
characteristics:
precipitation and
hip between latitude, global winds and global pressure belts
The role of subanticyclones and
tropical converg
ving storms
hip between the physical processes and the human and built environment
Their occurrenc
impact and the r
them. Two case
recent (within th
years) tropical re
storms should b
from contrasting
world.
1. Hurricane
2. Cyclone N
3. Other hur
Caribbea
breath to
the above
studies.
csc.gallaudet.edu/monsoon/definition/index.html
Hurricanes – a pr
phenomenon? U
website for curren
techniques.
www.s-cool.co.uk/alevel/geography/weatherions/types-of-monsoons.html
local scale: urban climates
Temperatures: t
heat island effec
built environment and human activity on the climate at a local scale
Precipitation: fre
intensity, fogs,
A2 World Cities Scheme of Work 2009-2010
te change
an activity on the global climate
thunderstorms a
relationship to u
and processes.
Air quality: partic
pollution, photoc
smog and pollut
policies.
Winds: the effe
structures and
variations in w
direction and fr
The lung weeke
Evidence for clim
over the last 20
Global warming
causes. Possib
a global scale, o
chosen tropical
(above) and on
Isles.
Responses to g
warming: interna
national and loc