Questions for discussion Flu quarantine 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Briefly summarise the BtN story. Why is Alex staying home from school? Explain in your own words what quarantine is. Why is it important to quarantine people as soon as possible? How does the virus spread? A pandemic is… Why are some scientists saying that quarantining is an over-reaction? Swine flu is most dangerous for… What are the concerns with Swine flu mixing with normal flu? Do you think quarantining people is an over-reaction? Explain your answer. Test your knowledge in the online Swine flu quiz. `Should schools shut down if a student catches swine flu? ’ Vote in the online poll. Intensive farming 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. What is intensive farming? Describe the conditions in which the pigs are kept. Why do farmers use intensive farming methods? How are pigs and other farm animals protected? What are the consequences for not complying with the regulations? What concerns do animal activists have about intensive farming? Describe free range farming. Why do you think farmers might not choose this method of farming? Predict what the impact would be if intensive farming was banned. How did this story make you feel? Create a plus, minus and interesting chart about intensive farming. Country driving 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. © ABC 2009 Why are young people most at risk of having car accidents? Why are young country drivers at an even greater risk? What do you think defensive driving is? What skills do you think a driving course can teach young people? Why do country kids find themselves on the road more than city kids? What strategies does the driving instructor discuss with the students? How is the drink driving message given during the course? Do you think it is an effective strategy? Why? What other strategies do you think could be used to promote safer driving? What do you understand more clearly since watching the BtN story? EPISODE 14 2ND JUNE 2009 Send a message or tell us what you think on the BtN Guestbook. TV recycling 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Write a brief outline of the TV recycling story. What is electronic waste? Why is it a growing problem? Where does a lot of e-waste end up? Why do you think this might be a problem? Describe what happens at the TV and computer monitor recycling plant. Why is TV glass valuable? Which parts of a TV get reused? Why is the content of the tube an environmental hazard? What else do you think could be done to encourage responsible recycling of electronic goods? Investigate how your school disposes of electronic waste. What improvements could be made? Tassie Devils 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Illustrate what you think the main point of the story was. Why has the Tasmanian Devil been placed on the endangered list? Describe the reputation of the Tassie Devil? Why are the described as `vacuums of the forest’? What is a baby Tassie Devil called? What were the threats to Tassie Devils during early European settlement? What is threatening their survival now? What is being done to help protect the species? Do you think it is important to protect the Tasmanian Devil? Why? What else do you think could be done to protect the Tassie Devil from becoming extinct? Create a cartoon strip that helps raise awareness of the threats to the Tassie Devil population. Intensive farming © ABC 2009 Intensive farming has been criticised by animal activists but farmers say there are lots of advantages, including cheaper goods for consumers. EPISODE 14 2ND JUNE 2009 Focus Questions 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. What is intensive farming? Describe the conditions in which the pigs are kept. Why do farmers use intensive farming methods? How are pigs and other farm animals protected? What are the consequences for not complying with the regulations? What concerns do animal activists have about intensive farming? Describe free range farming. Why do you think farmers might not choose this method of farming? Predict what the impact would be if intensive farming was banned. How did this story make you feel? Debating the issue Learning Area Society and Environment Key learning Students will research, plan, write and present a debate on the topic of intensive farming. Students will research and debate the following statement: `Intensive farming should be allowed’ Divide the class into teams of 6, 3 speaking for the affirmative and 3 against. Other roles that can be assigned are chairperson, time keeper and the remaining class members can adjudicate using the rubric at the end of this activity. Discuss with students the length of time each speaker talks for. Students will need sufficient time to research the topic. There are some web links at the end of this activity to support students. The debate can be structured in the following way: Speaker 1 Introduce the topic and team’s argument. The 1st speaker for the negative can also rebut (argue against). Speaker 2 Rebuttal and continue team’s argument Speaker 3 Rebuttal and summarise/conclude debate . Some key issues/questions students can explore for the debate include: Conditions animals are kept in intensive and free range farming Impact on consumers if intensive farming was banned Environmental considerations Control and regulations of livestock farming Peer adjudication rubric Levels of performance Criteria © ABC 2009 Needs Satisfactory Good Excellent improvement Information Information was inaccurate and unclear Some information was accurate and clear Most information was accurate and clear All information was accurate and clear Organisation Arguments were illogical Most arguments were illogical Some arguments were illogical All arguments were logical Rebuttal Counter arguments were not accurate or relevant Some counter arguments were accurate and relevant Most counter arguments were accurate and relevant All counter arguments were accurate and relevant Examples and facts Few or no relevant examples or facts Some relevant examples or facts Many examples and facts given – most relevant Many examples and facts given – all relevant Presentation (tone of voice, body language, enthusiastic, convincing) Poor presentation style Satisfactory presentation style Good presentation style Excellent presentation style Reflection Ask students to think about how difficult it was to think of arguments to support their case. Do they think they could have created a stronger argument if they were speaking for the opposing view? Related Research Links ABC Stateline – Pig cruelty http://www.abc.net.au/stateline/tas/content/2006/s2564758.htm ABC Local – Calls for a new animal inspection system http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/05/10/2565657.htm?site=local RSPCA - Pig farming http://www.rspca.org.au/how-you-can-help/campaigns/pigfarming.html?searched=intensive+farming&advsearch=oneword&highlight=ajaxSe arch_highlight+ajaxSearch_highlight1+ajaxSearch_highlight2 Australian Pork Limited – Pig care http://www.australianpork.com.au/pages/page61.asp Tassie Devils © ABC 2009 One of Australia’s icons, the Tasmanian Devil has been placed on the endangered list because of a disease that’s wiping out the population in the wild. EPISODE 14 Focus Questions 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. Illustrate what you think the main point of the story was. Why has the Tasmanian Devil been placed on the endangered list? Describe the reputation of the Tassie Devil. Why are they described as `vacuums of the forest’? What is a baby Tassie Devil called? What were the threats to Tassie Devils during early European settlement? What is threatening their survival now? What is being done to help protect the species? Do you think it is important to protect the Tasmanian Devil? Why? What else do you think could be done to protect the Tassie Devil from becoming extinct? 2ND JUNE 2009 Learning Area Society and Environment Key learning Students will design a public education campaign to help raise awareness of an endangered Australian animal. Endangered Australian animals Students will investigate an endangered Australian animal and design a public education campaign to help raise awareness of the importance of preserving the species. Begin by clarifying students’ understanding of what threatened, endangered and extinct means. Discuss with students why we need to protect species - to ensure biodiversity (biological diversity). Brainstorm Australian animals that are endangered and record student responses. Explain to students that they will be designing a public education campaign that outlines the threats to a particular endangered Australian animal, what is being done to protect it and what else that could be done to ensure its survival. Discuss how their research findings can be presented to help raise public awareness. Some possibilities include: Short film or animation Web page Community service announcement (for television or radio) Press release As part of the research process, students will need to `ask an expert’ to help them gather information. Museums and environmental organisations will be useful places to contact. Structure to help guide student research Name – Common and scientific Type of animal © ABC 2009 . (mammal, fish, bird, etc) Where the animal is found (include a map) Population size Importance of species to biodiversity Main threat to the survival of the species Strategies to protect species Further investigations Create a cartoon strip that helps raise awareness of the threats to the Tassie Devil population. Make up a `What am I’ game based on Australian endangered animals. Create picture book about an Australian endangered animal for younger students. Put a copy of the book in your schools resource centre. Related Research Links ABC Stateline – Devil knowledge http://www.abc.net.au/stateline/tas/content/2006/s2557397.htm Department of Primary Industries and water – Tasmanian Devil information for kids http://www.dpiw.tas.gov.au/inter.nsf/WebPages/EKOE-6EXURG?open Save the Tasmanian Devil http://www.tassiedevil.com.au/ Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts http://www.environment.gov.au/cgibin/sprat/public/publicspecies.pl?taxon_id=299 BtN: Episode 14 Transcripts 02/06/09 © ABC 2009 On this week's Behind the News: Schools in shut-down because of swine flu Is farming cruel for pigs? And why devils are in danger. Hi I'm Nathan Bazley welcome to Behind the News. Also on the show today, how your old TV is a serious problem for the environment. Those items later, but first to our stop story. Flu Quarantine Reporter: Sarah Larsen INTRO: In the last week or so swine flu has become a much bigger issue in Australia. The number of people diagnosed with the virus has skyrocketed and a lot of the cases have been kids. That's led to schools being shut down and students being told to stay at home - even though they weren't sick! Why is that? Here's Sarah to explain why they are taking such drastic measures. SARAH LARSEN, REPORTER: This is Alex. She's in year 12 and she's very friendly but she's not letting me in! Ok, this is weird. ALEX: A girl at our school has swine flu so our principal has recommended that we don't go out or see anyone. © ABC 2009 Alex isn't alone. Other schools have been closed, footy matches have been cancelled. Families of people with swine flu have also been asked to stay in their homes. All of these people have been quarantined. That's a really old trick used to stop diseases spreading. It happens all the time in hospitals. If someone's got an infectious disease, you keep them away from other people so the germs don't spread. REPORTER: Say I was sick. I've just passed my germs to these two. Now they could pass it on to other people, who could pass it on to even more. So you can see how one sick person could very quickly turn into hundreds or even thousands. To try to stop the virus you have to try to predict what people it might spread to and get them quarantined as soon as possible. But wait, Alex isn't sick. ALEX: No, I feel fine. The danger is people could spread the virus before they know they're sick. There's a period after you catch the virus before you start coughing and sneezing when you can pass it on. So that's why kids like Alex have been asked to stay at home for a week just in case they get sick. And this is why: When we first told you about Swine Flu people were really worried. The Virus's real name is H1N1 influenza. It was a strain that scientists hadn't seen before and it made lots of people in Mexico very sick. Over there more than 100 people died. Health organisations warned that the world could be facing a pandemic, which is when a disease spreads quickly throughout the world. We've had pandemics before and they've killed millions of people so you can see why authorities are being careful. But now it doesn't look like Swine Flu will be anywhere near that bad. It hasn't killed anyone in Australia and for most people it's just like getting the normal flu. Because of that, some scientists are saying quarantining people who aren't sick is an overreaction. PETER COLLIGNON, MICROBIOLOGIST: We usually save those measures for a really serious aggressive disease. This appears to be quite a mild. © ABC 2009 The biggest danger is to people who are old, very young, or have an existing medical condition but the same goes for the normal flu. We don't quarantine people with the normal flu. But there are still reasons to be careful. One worry is once winter hits the Swine Flu could mix with normal flu to create a new virus. The good news for Alex is she didn't get the flu but authorities say until we know more it’s better to play it safe. Presenter: And there’s more info about how the flu works in a feature on our website. Poll Results Last week we asked you if schools should shut down if a student catches the flu - and a whopping 91 percent of you said yes! Hope you didn't say that just because you wanted a holiday! But with so many schools still shutting down, we thought we'd leave that as our poll for another week. If you want to vote go to our website. Quiz Now we’re going to look at farming, but first let’s do a quiz. What is Australia’s largest earning farm export? 1. Wheat 2. Beef 3. Lamb Answer: Beef © ABC 2009 It goes beef, wheat, wine, wool, milk then lamb. Intensive Farming Reporter: Catherine Ellis INTRO: Now another important rural industry is pig farming, but that's been caught up in a bit of controversy. In Tasmania, a pig farmer is in trouble with police because of the way he's been treating his animals. An animal rights activist says she found some of his pigs living in terrible conditions and he's been charged by police with breaking animal protection laws. Catherine checks out what the rules are for looking after pigs. CATHERINE ELLIS, REPORTER: According to some, pigs are smarter than most dogs. They're curious, love to explore and are quite social animals. There are different ways of farming them and the most common is known as 'intensive farming' that's when pigs are kept in pens like these. It's been around since the 1960s. NEWS REEL: The 50 breeding sows and their offspring never leave the air-conditioned environment of the totally enclosed piggery. The pens might look overcrowded, but the experts say pigs appreciate company and they grow faster when there's not much space in which to run around. © ABC 2009 Farmers say they use these methods because they're under more and more pressure to produce enough pork to feed the growing population - they have to work out ways of doing things more efficiently. But this doesn't mean they can treat the pigs badly. CATHERINE: Pigs and lots of other animals on farms have special protection. There are laws and there's an Australian Code of Practice which outlines how farmers must look after their animals. Animal activists don't think the rules go far enough. They're particularly worried about these sort of pens where pregnant sows are kept. The pens are allowed to be the same size as the animals and activists say the pigs can't turn around or exercise. Farmers say they're only in the stalls for a short time to protect them during the early stages of pregnancy. Some people would like to see pigs farmed this way - it's called free range - that means they can move around. Some farmers already do that and you can buy free range pork in shops. Producers, at the very least, must make sure pigs are fed, have shelter and are kept free from disease, but a farmer in Tassie has recently been charged with breaking that law. What happened was an animal activist took her camera and filmed inside the piggery and took the vision to police. She was horrified by what she saw; the pigs were infested with maggots, they couldn't move, there was no water for them to drink. EMMA: I have never imagined I'd find an animal in this condition. © ABC 2009 When Police inspected the site, they charged the operator with animal cruelty offences. The piggery is one of the biggest in Tasmania and supplies lots of Woolworths supermarkets there. Woolies weren't happy about what they saw and have told the operators to improve their act. Of course situations like these are rare. The industry says the majority of farmers take good care of their animals and do their best to meet everyone's needs. Animal activists want more farm inspections and better protection for pigs. But no one wants to see another situation like this one again. PRESENTER: And that's a very complicated issue, so if you want to know more check our website. Country Drivers Reporter: Nathan Bazley INTRO: Let's stay in the country for our next story. Learning to drive rite of passage in Australia, and while you guys are probably a little way off that time just yet, you'd already be well aware of just how important it is. The frightening fact is young drivers make up a high proportion of crash victims and that is especially true for kids in country areas. © ABC 2009 But one program is looking to help break the cycle. NATHAN BAZLEY, REPORTER: We see the same story on the news every night. Another car crash; another injury; or worse still, a fatality. But the scariest part of that, is out of all those crashes on the news each night, young people are often the ones behind the wheel. REPORTER: The problem is, kids often don't have the experience to get out of bad situations. But out here in the country, bad situations are everywhere! Gravel; narrow roads and wildlife can all cause problems. It's no wonder country kids are especially vulnerable to crashes. So that's why kids from a country town called Dalby, in Queensland, have found themselves in class today. This is a defensive driving course made specially for country kids! JOEL NIELSEN, DRIVING INSTRUCTOR: Because of a lack of danger on a road like that, that road's more dangerous. We let our guard down, we're not ready for it. Kids out here generally find themselves on the roads more than city kids because there isn't any public transport and they often have to travel a long way to get to town. That's why the course is vital. 400 have already been through it. Because they know that the consequences of making a mistake all too well. Car crashes are one of the biggest killers of young people in country areas and in a small community like Dalby that can be devastating. © ABC 2009 Most country kids would know someone touched by this kind of tragedy, whether through family or close friends. And it's this horrible impact they're trying to avoid through the course. One of the big problems young people encounter behind the wheel is their confidence, or overconfidence, isn't always matched by their abilities; something these kids agree with. NICHOLAS KELLY, STUDENT: Some of them are real idiots. They just try and go fast and that's their thing, but some are good, they're just sensible, you know, go by the speed limit. Another one of the big things they're practising here is how to handle the Aussie landscape, including driving on slippery gravel roads, and how to avoid wildlife, like roos. JOEL NIELSEN: The principle is that you should steer a car with your eyes so you look to where you want to go. And if you look at it you're gonna hit it. So, target fixation is where a driver inadvertently fixates on the front of them, freaks out, locks their arms, locks their legs, locks their brain, locks their vision. Another hazard which causes carnage on our roads is drink driving. Here the kids get a chance to experience exactly what effect drunkeness has on your co-ordination, by wearing these special goggles. JOEL: Do a 360 first. This is the lowest strength goggle. STUDENT: You can't walk with that. JOEL: So would you drive a car wearing the goggles? © ABC 2009 STUDENT: No, not really. It's a lesson that will hopefully save these guys, and lots of other young people in their communities, a whole lot of pain and suffering further down the road. PRESENTER: And I grew up there in Dalby so I know just how big an issue it is for country kids. The Wire Now let's catch up with some of the week's other headlines - here's Sarah. It’s not very often you see a car being eaten by the road! That's what happened in Sydney last week when a water main burst, causing a big hole to open up in the bitumen. It will probably take months to repair the damage done to the road and the car probably needs a bit of fixing too. ****** And Susan Boyle fans around the world are disappointed after the unlikely singing star was defeated by a dance troupe in the final of Britain's Got Talent. The 48-year-old church volunteer from Scotland became an international star after her audition on the British tv show. © ABC 2009 Her performance floored the judges and the audience and became the fifth most viewed you tube clip ever. And while she didn't win the final it’s unlikely to be the end of Boyle's showbiz dream. She's hoping to release an album but intends to play it by ear in her new musical career PRESENTER: Reports say that even though she didn't win, Susan's looking at a 16 million dollar record, book and movie deal. Not a bad payday. TV Recycling Reporter: Nathan Bazley INTRO: A few weeks ago we told you about a new type of TV called digital TV that is being phased in right now. The problem is, if you want to see the digital signal you either have to buy a set top box or a new TV and it seems that's an option heaps of people are taking, so they can trade up to a new plasma or LCD. But have you ever wondered what will happen to the millions of old TV's left over? TVs have come a long, long way! These days we have bigger, better and sleeker. So in many homes, it's a case of 'out with the old; in with the new.' NATHAN BAZLEY, REPORTER: The introduction of Digital TV, and the release of newer model flat screens, has made many of these old things pretty much unwanted. It's estimated around 1.5 million old sets are ending up in dumps each year. © ABC 2009 About the same number of computer monitors are chucked in to landfill as well. Not if these guys have anything to do with it though! This is a TV and computer monitor recycling plant, where they turn our old sets into materials we can use again. They are really busy right now getting through all these TVs that need to be recycled, so I decided to test them out! NATHAN: Well Michelle I've brought my old TV, what's going to happen to it now? MICHELLE: Well what we will do now is we'll pull it all apart and separate all the materials and components so it can be recycled. TVs come here from all over Australia because it's the only place in the country that has the equipment needed to recycle the glass in your old set. It's really valuable because it contains all the right chemicals and minerals needed to produce a great picture. Their first job is to rip them apart, and separate out all the plastic from the wiring, computer chips and metals. From there they are left with the tube, which is cut apart, cleaned and separated. That's then shipped to Malaysia, ready to go straight back into new TVs! But the glass isn't the only part of the TVs and computer monitors that can be used again. © ABC 2009 WORKER: There's plastic, circuit board, the copper yoke, pvc and some copper cord. The circuit boards also contain gold and silver! But before you get any ideas about trashing your TV for gold, you'd only get the tiniest amount from each set! So that's what happens to recycled TVs, but let's rewind a bit. What would happen if those same TVs ended up at the dump? The short answer is - nothing good! NATHAN BAZLEY, REPORTER: Each one of these tubes can contain up to 4kgs of lead, plus other nasty materials like mercury, cadmium and arsenic. Needless to say, it's not a good result for the environment if they end up in landfill. The sheer size of most electrical waste is causing headaches too. Because electrical equipment needs to be updated and replaced often, most of it ends up here, taking up heaps of space and stopping the materials they're made from being used again. To stop that, a national recycling program will be set up for all TV and computer waste. Because the only place we should see heaps of TVs is here. Quiz 2 © ABC 2009 Now a lot of the new TVs people are getting are called LCDs - so we might make that our quiz. What does LCD stand for? 1. Luminescence crystal display 2. Liquid crystal display 3. Lens clarity display Answer: Liquid crystal display And of course the other sort of TVs really popular at the moment are called plasmas. The Score Time for some sports news - here's Sarah. In rugby union, the bulls have thrashed the Waikatoh Chiefs to take out the Super 14 Champions. Fans were expecting a close game, but it was far from it, the South Africans ran in eight tries to two for a record winning margin of 61 to 17 over the New Zealanders. ****** Former Socceroos coach Guus Hiddink has guided Chelsea to a twoone victory over Tim Cahill's team, Everton, in the final of the F-A cup. It was Hiddink's final game in charge before he returns to his role as coach of Russia. ****** © ABC 2009 And in the AFL Ben Cousins is in trouble again he gave a dressing room television camera the finger . AFL chief Andrew Demetriou says it's unacceptable. DEMETRIOU: “It was totally unwarranted, unnecessary and it didn't make any sense. People watching it particularly children would ask themselves what was that all that about.” Cousins has apologised but is facing a big fine. PRESENTER: Not a smart idea. Tassie Devil Reporter: Catherine Ellis INTRO: Meanwhile, one of Australia's famous animal icons is now in big trouble. The Tasmanian Devil has just been placed on the Federal Government's endangered list because of a disease that is wiping out the population in the wild. It's a deadly facial tumour and scientists are desperately trying to stop it. Catherine decided to find out about the mysterious disease and what's being done to save the devils! CATHERINE ELLIS, REPORTER: They star in one of the world's most popular cartoons. © ABC 2009 Taz is angry, feisty, snarly and scary, a reputation shared by all Tassie Devils. So why the fiery name and bad reputation? Well it was given to them by the early European Settlers in the 1800s because of the bloodcurdling screams and growls they make. They make the noises when they're feeding together to establish dominance. And what do they eat? CATHERINE: So what do we have here for breakfast? ZOO KEEPER: It's a big piece of meat. CATHERINE: Looks delicious. They're described as vacuums of the forest because they eat all the dead animals - bones, fur and all! And they have super strong jaws and teeth to help them munch through it! Looks gross and they seem pretty feisty, but according to some, the devil's reputation isn't a fair one - they're apparently quite timid, sensitive creatures. Female devils give birth to about 20 babies at once, but there's only room for four in the pouch so it's survival of the toughest! The babies are called joeys and when they're too big for the pouch they ride on their mum's back like koalas. CATHERINE: Now you'll find Tassie Devils in zoos right across mainland Australia, but they died out in the wild about 4-thousand © ABC 2009 years ago. Now they only exist in the wild in Tasmania, but even there, their numbers are dwindling. Let's go back in time again. Early European settlers used to hunt and kill the devils because they ate their chickens. This also happened to the Tasmanian Tiger, which eventually became extinct about 70 years ago. In 1941 special laws were brought in to protect the Tassie Devil and things began to improve, but now they face a new challenge. They're dying from a contagious facial cancer. It was discovered about 13-years-ago and since then the devil population has dropped by a massive 70 percent. The disease is spread mainly when they bite each other. The tumours build up until eventually the animal can't eat and they starve to death. It's been a race against the clock for scientists trying to find a solution; wildlife officers are monitoring them in the wild and lots of special breeding programs have been set up across the country. One group has come up with a way of detecting the disease in the devils before they can spread it to other devils. HAMISH McCALLUM: If we can get them out while they're still infected but not infectious then we can get them out of the population before they have the chance to spread the disease. Research is expensive and lots of people, including the company that owns Taz the Tassie Devil have been contributing money to help with the fight. © ABC 2009 It's hoped a solution can be found in time to stop the devil heading the same way as the Tasmanian Tiger. Closer Let's hope for a break-though soon. That's it for another show, don't forget you can watch any of those stories again on our website and leave a comment about them as well. You can also tune in every Monday to Friday at 5 to 6 for an update of kids' news in BTN Daily. Catch you later. © ABC 2009