L10B: Introduction to Morphology & Syntax
Tutorial Worksheet # 3 (Topics covered in week 4)
I.
We looked at the main word classes with their morphological and distribution criteria. We also looked at sentences with more than one verb: The idea of main verb,
Auxiliaries (V
AUX
), and Modals (V
MOD
). These elements (along with NEG) are connected directly to S. Try to draw a tree diagram for this sentence:
II. Where English phrases fit in a sentence. Draw trees and underline any phrase that is inside another phrase.
1) Noun phrases: a. Directly in S- As subject NP b. In a VP- As object of V c. In a PP d. In another NP
2) Adjective Phrases : a. Direct to S/In a VP- Predicative AP b. In an NP- Attributive AP
All students have teachers
Some people must lack a brain
Judith stepped into the picture
That man’s son is somewhat troubled
Janice looks so beautiful
Janice is a very beautiful person
3) Preposition Phrases : a. In a VP/direct to S b. In an NP
She sings that song with much gusto
The woman adores that man with the accent c. In an AP Students are preoccupied with everything
Can you give an example of a PP in an AdvP? In a PP?
Use our tests to check that you are correct.
4) Adverb Phrases a. Direct in S b. In a VP c. In an AP
Cautiously, he opened the tiny door
She speaks rather deliberately
He is deliberately annoying
Can you give an example of an AdvP in another AdvP? In a PP?
Use our tests to check that you are correct
III Write a couple of sentences describing the different structures of the following sentences. Be sure to show how the structures relate to the meanings:
She hates that cockroach with a passion
She hates that cockroach with three legs