JHP 440YI (Y): Gender and International Relations
Instructor: Dr. Krista Hunt
Course time: Monday 6-8pm Location:
University College 257 Office hours:
Monday 5-6pm, SS 3120
... if we employ only the conventional, ungendered compass to chart international
politics, we are likely to end up mapping a landscape peopled only by men, mostly
elite men. - Cynthia Enloe
Overview
This course examines various theoretical and empirical issues relevant to the study of
gender and international relations. Students will explore topics including the
marginalization of gender in IR, the gendered and raced dimensions of war, the effects of
globalization on women, and the politics of feminist organizing in the 21 Sc Century. Upon
completion of this course, students will have engaged in current debates taking place in
the field of gender and international relations, explored a variety of contemporary, as well
as historical issues, and further developed their critical thinking, writing, and research
skills.
My Approach to Teaching and Learning
My primary teaching goal is to create an environment where students can develop their
critical thinking skills. I believe that every member of the class has a unique perspective
about the world and many important ideas to contribute. In order to share our thoughts,
learn from each other, and ask critical questions about preconceived notions, it is
incumbent on all of us to create a cooperative and respectful classroom environment. In
order to do so, it is important that we can all be honest about what we do not know or
understand and keep an open mind about ideas that challenge our `worldview'. It is also
essential that we develop the ability to constructively critique various ideas in order to
push our thoughts and discussions forward. In essence, a positive learning environment
depends on the ability for all participants to respect each other - especially when we
disagree. I welcome all comments and concerns about the classroom environment and
encourage you to speak to me as soon as any issues arise.
Evaluation Assignments
Due Date
% of grade
Gender & War Report
November 14
20%
Paper outline
January 23
10%
Second term research paper
February 27
10%
Presentation
March (tba)
20%
Participation
n/a
20%
* Students needing special accommodation for assignments must set up an appointment
with me by the end of the second week of class to discuss this.
** Note: All course marks are tentative until approved by the Department Chair and
Dean's Office, and recorded in the Faculty Office.
Turnitin.com
Students agree that by taking this course all required papers may be subject to submission for
textual similarity review to Turnitin.com for the detection of plagiarism. All submitted papers
will be included as source documents in the Turnitin.com reference database solely for the
purpose of detecting plagiarism of such papers. The terms that apply to the University's use of
the Turnitin.com service are described on the Turnitin.com web site. Simple instructions about
how to upload your paper to Turnitin.com can be found at http://www.turnitin.com. You will
need the following information to set up a user profile:
Class id: 1323170
Enrolment password: **********
Your Gender and War Report, as well as your Research Paper, must be submitted on or before
the due date to turnitin. In addition, you are required to submit a hard copy of your assignment
to me in class (see below). Be assured that no one will have access to your work after it has
been submitted, and that intellectual property rights remain with you. Please note as well that
originality reports will only be viewed if there are concerns about your paper. Students who do
not agree with the submission of the paper to Turnitin.com must contact me immediately to
arrange an off-line alternative. Students are expected to be familiar with and abide by the
University's guidelines regarding academic honesty.
Late policy:
All written assignments must be handed in - to me - during our regularly scheduled class. Do
not hand assignments in to the department. If you fail to hand in your assignment during the
class in which it is due, it will be a week late if handed in during the next class (which is added
incentive for getting them in on time because if your assignment is late, it is late by weeks not
days)! Assignments will be penalized as follows: one grade per week late. So if you earned an A
but were one week late, the grade you would receive would be a B. Late assignments may also
be returned without comments. Also note that assignments will not be accepted (and will be
given a zero) if late by more than two weeks. Presentations must take place during the class in
which you have agreed to present or you will receive a grade of zero. Of course, extenuating
circumstances will be dealt with on an individual basis - please note, however, that such
circumstances must be serious, unavoidable, and documented.
Gender & War Report:
Using a 'gender-sensitive lens', critically analyze 5 war reports (including media stories,
speeches by heads of state, statements from international agencies/NGO's) from a contemporary
or historical international conflict. Potential questions for analysis include (but are not limited
to): How does gender - as it intersects with race, class, nationality, religion, sexuality, etc shape this conflict? What roles do women and men primarily play? How are gender norms
being reinforced? How are gender norms being challenged? Whose interests does this serve?
Which gender dynamics are visible? Invisible? How is gendered or sexualized language used to
describe military campaigns? What role does race, class, sexuality, and/or gender play in
depictions of enemies and allies?
Your report should include a brief summary of the conflict studied, a footnote about why you
chose the sources analyzed, a thematic analysis of the reports (do not treat reports separately),
and an introduction and conclusion. Be sure to attach a copy of all the war reports that you use.
Assignments should be typed, double-spaced, and not longer than 45 pages.
Paper Outline:
An outline is an excellent way to plan and organize your thoughts and research for the major
paper. Outlines aid in developing the structure for your paper and enable you to assess what
addition research, analysis, and/or organization is needed before proceeding to the writing stage.
Your outline must include an introductory statement on the subject of your paper, a thesis or
statement of your argument, the major supporting arguments (these support your thesis),
conclusion, and a brief annotated bibliography (5-7 sources). Annotated bibliographies include
full citations and a few sentences summarizing the content and usefulness of each source for
your paper. Consider using the Steenbergen and Diner article
http://www.,.thirdspace.ca/chora/12stepessay.htm as a guideline for developing the outline and
paper. You may want to prepare your outline using Steenbergen and Diner's `Essay Outline
Template' http://www.thirdspace.ca/chora/outline.pdf. Make sure to attach your annotated
bibliography.
Note: Papers will not be graded without a previously submitted outline.
Research Paper:
Students should decide on a research topic that is connected to one or more of the various
themes or topics discussed in this course. Be sure to use key course material relevant to your
research topic in addition to the research you will be conducting. You are expected to use
scholarly and reputable sources. Websites are fine, as long as you reference them properly. The
papers will be 12-15 pages in length (15 pages maximum). You will be graded on the quality
and relevance of your research, the strength of the argument you make, and the clarity and
quality of writing. All students should consider using the services of the Writing Centres at U of
T to improve and refine their writing skills. See http:/hwww.utoronto.ca/writinp,/centres.html.
Presentation:
This is your opportunity to communicate to the rest of the class what you have learned about
and argued in your research paper. The presentations will be 10-12 minutes in length. Do not go
over the time limit - part of this exercise is having the class respond to and discuss what they
learned from your presentation, what ideas it sparked for them, how they can connect ideas from
your presentation to their own research topics or other experiences. Do not repeat what others
have said or what we have read in class. The goal of these presentations is to build on and
extend our thinking about gender and internationals relations. Tell us about:
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the research that you have done
what is interesting about it
how it builds on and/or challenges what we have learned in this course
Note: Fancy technology is not necessary - you are graded much less on style than you are on
being able to clearly communicate your ideas, and spark interest and debate from your
classmates. For general presentation tips, visit:
http://socserv2.mcmaster.ca/Inquiry/presentationsmakin .lg ltiii.
Participation
This is an honours level seminar and as such students are expected to attend all classes and to
participate in class discussions on the basis of a critical reading of the material for each week. It
is incumbent on students to attend and actively, regularly and professionally participate in the
seminars. Part credit is given for regular, punctual seminar attendance. However, the balance of
this grade it given for respectful, thoughtful, quality dialogue with your classmates. You will be
responsible for evaluating your own participation over the year and your self-evaluation will be
considered in deciding the final grade. Please speak to me immediately if you have concerns
about any of this. Required Texts:
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Spike Peterson and Anne Sisson Runyan, Global Gender Issues (Boulder: Westview
Press, 1993). Course text available at the Toronto Women's Bookstore (73 Harbord St.,
just west of Spadina).
Reading kit available from The Copy Place (720 Spadina Ave, just south of Bloor).
Bolded readings are available online (links provided) or through the library's electronic
resources. These are free (you've paid for them in your tuition so there is no sense in
paying for them again in a course kit). Search for the journal that the article was
published in the Library's electronic resources catalogue litt,p://www.librai,
.Litoronto.ca/resources/. Type in the title of the journal and select e -journals in the drop
down menu. If you are having difficulty accessing these articles on-line, you can obtain
the journals in paper form through the library.
TOPICS AND READINGS
Fall Term
Gendered Theories
Sept 12
Introduction to the Course
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Sept 19
No readings
Discuss ground rules and assignments
Why Study Gender and International Relations?
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Cynthia Enloe, Bananas Beaches & Bases: Making Feminist
Sense of International Politics (Berkeley: University of
California Press, 1989) 1-18.
Global Gender Issues, Chapters 1 & 2.
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Gillian Youngs, "Feminist International Relations: a
contradiction in terms?," International Affairs 80.1 (2004)
75-87.
Sandra Whitworth, "Feminist Theories: From Women to
Gender and World Politics," Women, Gender, and World
Politics, eds Beckman and D'Amico (Westport Begin and
Garvey, 1994) 75-88.
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Sept 26
The Politics of Analyzing Women and Gender in a Global
Context
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Chandra Talpade Mohanty, “"Cartographies of Struggle: Third
World Women and the Politics of Feminism," Third World
Women and the Politics of Feminism, eds Mohanty, Russo and
Torres (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1991) 1-47.
Hamideh Sedghi, "Third World Feminist Perspectives on
World Politics," Women, Gender, and World Politics, eds
Beckman and D'Amico (Westport: Begin and Garvey, 1994)
89-105.
Chandra Talpade Mohanty, Feminism Without Borders
(Durham: Duke UP, 2003) 17-42.
Gender, the State and War
October 3
Gender, Political Actors and State Power
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Global Gender Issues, Chapters 3-5
Oct 10
Thanksgiving –no class
Oct 17
Gendered Nations
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Oct 24
Jill Vickers, "Feminists and Nationalism," Gender, Race and
Nation: A Global Perspective, Dhruvarajan and Vickers, eds
(Toronto: U of T Press, 2002) 247-272.
Zillah Eisenstein, "Writing bodies on the nation for the globe,"
Women, States and Nationalism, Rachod-Nilsson and Tetreault,
eds (London: Routledge, 2000) 35-53.
Abouali Farmanfarmaian, "Did You Measure Up? The Role of
Race and Sexuality in the Gulf War," Collateral Damage: The
New World Order at Home and Abroad, ed. Cynthia Peters
(Boston: South End Press, 1992) 111-135.
Engendered War Stories
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Miriam Cooke, Women and the War Story (Berkeley: U of
California Press, 1996) 13-43.
Carol Cohn, "Sex and Death in the Rational World of Defense
Intellectuals," Signs 12.4 (1987) 687-718.
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Oct 31
Militarized Masculinities
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Nov 7
Jan Jindy Pettman, Worlding Women (London: Routledge,
1996) 87-106.
Sandra Whitworth, Men, Militarism and UN Peacekeeping
(Boulder: Lynne Rienner, 2004) 151-181.
Charlotte Hooper, "Masculinist Practices and Gender Politics:
The Operation of Multiple Masculinities in International
Relations," The "Man" Question in International Relations,
Zalewski and Parpart, eds (Boulder: Westview Press, 1998)
28-53.
Militarized Feminities
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Nov 14
Lynda E. Boose, "Techno-Muscularity and the `Boy Eternal':
From the Quagmire to the Gulf," Gendering War Talk, Cooke
and Woollacott, eds pp. 67- 106.
Cynthia Enloe, Maneuvers (Berkeley: U of California Press,
2000) 235-287.
Jodi York, "The Truth about Women and Peace," The Women and
War Reader, Lorentzen and Turpin, eds (New York: New York
University Press) 19-25.
Ilene Rose Feinman, "Women Warriors/Women Peacemakers:
Will the Real Feminists Please Stand Up!," The Women and War
Reader, Lorentzen and Turpin, eds (New York: New York
University Press) 132-139.
Lorraine Bayard de Volo, "Drafting Motherhood", The Women
and War Reader, Lorentzen and Turpin, eds (New York: New
York University Press) 240-253.
Cynthia Enloe, The Morning After: Sexual Politics at the end of
the Cold War (Berkeley: U of California Press, 1993) 142-160.
Gender and the War on Terror
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Zillah Eisenstein, Against Empire (London: Zed Books, 2004)
148-180.
Lila Abu-Lughod, "Do Muslim Women Really Need Saving?
Anthropological Reflections on Cultural Relativism and Its
Others,"American Anthropologist 104.3 (2002) 783-790.
George W. Bush and Laura Bush, "President, Mrs. Bush Mark
Progress in Global Women's Human Rights", 12 March 2004
httn://,vvww.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2004/03/20040 3125.htm1.
WLUML, "Statement on Attacks in the USA," After Shock:
September 11, 2001 Global Feminist Perspectives, Hawthorne
and Winter, eds (Vancouver: Raincoast Books, 2003) 54-55.
Sonali Kolhatkar, "By Any Standard, This is a War Against
Afghans," After Shock: September 11, 2001 Global Feminist
Perspectives, Hawthorne and Winter, eds (Vancouver: Raincoast
Books, 2003) 237-243.
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Rosalind P. Petchesky, "Phantom Towers: Feminist Reflections
on The Battle Between Global Capitalism and Fundamentalist
Terrorism," After Shock: September 11, 2001 Global Feminist
Perspectives, Hawthorne and Winter, eds (Vancouver: Raincoast
Books, 2003) 348-63.
**Media project due
Gender, Globalization and Development
Nov 21
Gender and Globalization
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Nov 28
Gender and Global Governance
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Dec 5
Laura MacDonald, "Globalization and Social Movements,"
International Feminist Journal of Politics 4.2 (August 2002)
151-172.
Sisonke Msimang, "HIV/AIDS, globalization, and the
international women's movement," Gender and Development
11.1 (May 2003) 109-113.
Valentine M. Moghadam, Globalizing Women (Baltimore:
John's Hopkins UP, 2005) 21-49.
Martha MacDonald, Shelley Phipps and Lynn Lethbridge,
"Taking Its Toll: The Influence of Paid and Unpaid Work on
Women's Well-Being," Feminist Economics 11.1 (March
2005) 63-94.
Anne Sisson Runyan, "Women in the Neoliberal `Frame',"
Gender Politics in Global Governance, Meyer and Prugl, eds
(Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 1999) 210-20.
Shirin M. Rai, "Gendering Global Governance,"
International Feminist Journal of Politics 6.4 (December
2004) 579-601.
Jacqui True, "Mainstreaming Gender in Global Public
Policy," International Feminist Journal of Politics 5.3
Violence Against Women –National Women’s Remembrance Day
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Film (in class) "After the Montreal Massacre" NFB Canada
Riane Eisler, "Human Rights and Violence: Integrating the
Private and Public Spheres," The Web of Violence, Turpin and
Kurtz, eds (Urbana: U of Illinois Press, 1997) 161-185.
Simona Sharoni, "Every Woman Is an Occupied Territory:
The Politics of Militarism and Sexism and the IsraeliPalestinian Conflict," Journal of Gender Studies 1.4
(November 1992) 447-462.
Carol Nordstrom, `Visible Wars and Invisible Girls, Shadow
Industries, and the Politics of Not-Knowing," International
Feminist Journal of Politics 1.1 (June 1999) 14-33.
*Have a good break!!
Winter Term (may be subject to change)
Jan 9
Women, gender and development
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Jan 16
Women, gender and the environment
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Jan 23
Jan Jindy Pettman, Worlding Women (London: Routledge,
1996) 157-184.
Eva M. Rathberger, "Gender and Development in Action,
“Feminism, Postmodernism, Development, Marchand and
Parpart, eds (London and New York: Routledge, 1994) 204220.
Rachel Simon-Kumar, "Negotiating Emancipation,"
International Feminist Journal of Politics 6.3 (September
2004) 485-506.
Suzanne Bergeron, "The Post-Washington Consensus and
Economic Representations of Women in Development at the
World Bank," International Feminist Journal of Politics 5.3
(November 2003) 397419.
Marilyn Waring, "A Woman's Reckoning: An Introduction to
the International Economic System,"Counting for Nothing:
What Men Value and What Women are Worth (Toronto:
University of Toronto Press, 1999) 12-36.
Vandana Shiva, "The Impoverishment of the Environment:
Women and Children Last," Ecofeminism, Mies and Shiva,
eds (London: Zed, 1993) 70-90.
Temma Kaplan, "Uncommon Women and the Common
Good: Women and Environmental Protest," Women Resist
Globalization: Mobilizing for Livelihood and Rights,
Rowbotham and Linkogle, eds (London: Zed Books, 2001)
28-45.
Gender and Development Case Studies
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(Paragraph cut) …global/local world, Parpart, Rai and
Staudt, eds (London: Routledge, 2002) 218-236
Ryan Bishop and Lillian S. Robinson, Night Market:
Sexual Cultures and the Thai Economic Miracle (New
York: Routledge, 1998) 92-111.
**Essay Outline Due
Jan 30
Feminism and Anti-globalization
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Feb 6
Gender and (Post) Colonialism
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Feb 13
Judy Rebick, "Lip Service: The Anti-Globalization
Movement on Gender Politics,"Herizons (Fall 2002) 2426.
Angela Miles, "Local activisms, global feminisms and the
struggle against globalization," Canadian Women's
Studies 20.3: 6-10.
Caitlin Hewitt-White, "Women Talking About Sexism in
the Anti-Globalization Movement," Resist! A grassroots
collection of stories, poetry, photos and analyses from the
Quebec City FTAA protests and beyond (Toronto:
Fernwood) 152-159.
Manisha Desai, "Transnational Solidarity: Women's
Agency, Structural Adjustment, and Globalization,"
Women's Activism and Globalization: Linking Local
Struggles and Transnational Practice, Naples and Desai,
eds (New York: Routledge, 2002) 15-33.
Catherine Eschle, "Skeleton Women: Feminism and the
Antiglobalization Movements," Signs 30.3 (2005) 174169.
Sheila Rowbotham, "Facets of Emancipation: Women in
Movement from the Eighteenth Century to the Present,"
Women Resist Globalization: Mobilizing for Livelihood and
Rights, Rowbotham and Linkogle, eds (London: Zed Books,
2001) 28-45.
Geeta Chowdhry and Sheila Nair, Power,
Postcolonialism, and International Relations: Reading
race, gender and class (London: Routledge, 2002) 1-32.
Leila Ahmed, Women and Gender in Islam (New Haven
& London: Yale UP, 1992) 144-167.
Vron Ware, "Britannia's Other Daughters: Feminism in
the Age of Imperialism," Beyond the Pale: White Women,
Racism and History (London: Verso, 1992) 119-166.
Gender, the United Nations, and Human Rights
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Charlotte Bunch, "Transforming Human Rights from a
Feminist Perspective," Women's rights, human rights:
international feminist perspectives, Peters and Wolper, eds
(New York: Routledge, 1995) 11-17.
Elissavet Stamatopoulou, "Women's Rights and the
United Nations," Women's rights, human rights:
international feminist perspectives, Peters and Wolper, eds
(New York: Routledge, 1995) 36-50.
Arati Rao, "The Politics of Gender and Culture in
International Human Rights Discourse," Women's rights,
human rights: international feminist perspectives, Peters
and Wolper, eds (New York: Routledge, 1995) 167-174.
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Inderpal Grewal, "On the New Global Feminism and the
Family of Nations: Dilemmas in Transnational Feminist
Practice," Talking visions: multicultural feminism in
transnational age, Shohat, ed (Cambridge: MIT Press,
1998) 501-530.
Doris Buss, "Finding the Homosexual in Women's
**February 19th is the last day to drop this course.
Feb 20
Reading Week –no class
Feb 27
Transnational Feminism
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Robin Morgan, Sisterhood is Global (New York: Anchor
Press, 1984) 1-37.
Inderpal Grewal and Caren Kaplan, "Introduction:
Transnational Feminist Practices and Questions of
Postmodernity," Scattered Hegemonies, Grewal and
Kaplan, eds (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press,
1994) 1-33.
Valentine M. Moghadam, "Transnational Feminist
Networks: Collective Action in an Era of Globalization,"
International Sociology 15.1 (March 2000) 57-85.
**Research Paper Due In Class
Topics in Gender and International Relations
Mar 6
Student Presentations
Mar 13
No Class
Mar 20
Student Presentations
Mar 27
Student Presentations
April 10
Student Presentations
April 17
So What’s at Stake in Taking Gender Seriously?
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J. Ann Tickner, “You Just Don’t Understand: Troubled
Engagements Between Feminists and IR Theorist,”
International Studies Quarterly 41.4 (1997) 611-632.
Robert O. Keohane, “Beyond Dichotomy: Conversations
Between International Relations and Feminist Theory,”
International Studies Quarterly 42.1 (1998) 193-198.
Marianne Marchand, “Different Communities/Different
Realities/Different Encounters: A Reply to J. Ann
Tickner,” International Studies Quarterly 42.1 (1998)
199-204.
J. Ann Tickner, “Continuing the Conversations,“
International Studies Quarterly 42.1 (1998) 205-210.