Title Microstructure and mechanical properties of ball milled nanocrystalline copper reinforced by nano alumina. Abstract Nanocrystalline materials exhibit superior mechanical properties compared to their coarse grain counterparts. These unique mechanical properties are mainly attributed to the microstructure having a high volume fraction of grain boundaries. Nanocrystalline copper reinforced by fine oxide particles combines superior mechanical properties such as high yield stress and hardness together with high electrical and thermal conductivity. In my talk I will focus on nanocrystalline copper dispersion strengthened by nano-alumina particles. The raw material of the composite was first ball milled to obtain the nanocrystalline structure and then consolidated via extrusion and hipping processes. I will present the mechanical properties of the material and its microstructure using several observation techniques. I will also discuss the effect of the processing, the microstructure and the dispersion on the strength of the material. In addition, I will address the mechanism of plastic deformation that these materials display.