Volcano Review Questions
1. What do you call a structure made of volcanic materials, the volcano itself?
2. Name two important benefits of volcanoes.
3. Name two more.
4. Name one type of geologic situation that leads to volcanoes.
5. Name another.
6. Name another.
7. What type of magma is associated with hot spot volcanoes?
8. What type of magma is associated with subduction zone volcanoes?
9. What type of magma is associated with rift zone volcanoes?
10. Why is magma associated with subduction zone volcanoes granitic?
11. What is the most common gas that comes from volcanic eruptions?
12. Why does magma associated with subduction zone volcanoes contain so much steam?
13. What term would be used to describe a volcano that is never expected to erupt again?
14. What term would be used to describe a volcano that has not erupted in a long time but may erupt
again?
15. What does the word dormant literally mean?
16. What term would be used to describe a volcano that is now erupting or could erupt at any time?
17. Any solid that comes out of a volcano would be called what?
18. When pyroclastics form a layer, that material would then be called what?
19. What do you call the smallest sized pyroclastic particles?
20. What effect can dust from a volcano in Indonesia have on us?
21. What do you call pyroclastic particles the size of sand grains?
22. What is the most damaging aspect of volcanic ash fallout?
23. What do you call pea to walnut sized pyroclastic particles?
24. What do you call truck sized pyroclastic particles?
25. What is one type of igneous rock that cinders are likely to be made of?
26. What’s another?
27. A fast moving, hot cloud of volcanic gases, rocks, and ash is called what?
28. What term describes how easily a liquid, like lava, flows?
29. Fast moving, low viscosity lava is called what?
30. Slow moving, high viscosity lava is called what?
31. Aa lava is also known as what, based on the sound it makes while moving?
32. What kind of lava often looks like coiled rope when cooled?
33. What are 2 effects of volcanic eruptions that can kill many people?
34. Name one place where pyroclastic flows killed a lot of people.
35. Name another.
36. Other than water, name a common volcanic gas.
37. What do you call a blob of lava that hardens in flight?
38. What would you call an eruption where lava just pours out of a volcanic cone?
39. What would you call an eruption where lava appears to boil?
40. What would you call an eruption so powerful that the cone is destroyed?
41. Name an ex. of an explosive volcanic eruption.
42. Name another.
43. Name another.
44. Name the following features on a diagram of a generic volcano: flank, crater, caldera, vent, conduit
magma chamber
45. What kind of volcanic cone is characterized by having steep flanks of crumbly tephra?
46. What kind of volcanic cone is characterized by having gently sloping flanks?
47. What kind of volcanic cone is the smallest?
48. What kind of volcanic cone includes the world’s two tallest volcanoes?
49. What are the names of the two largest volcanoes?
50. Which one of them is taller?
51. What kind of volcanic cone is characterized by having layers of lava and layers of tephra?
52. Composite cones are also known as what?
53. What kind of volcanic cone is most likely to be made of basalt?
54. Name a cinder cone.
55. Name a composite cone.
56. Name another.
57. Name another.
58. What volcano is currently thought to be the most dangerous in the US?
59. Intrusive igneous formations are aka what?
60. Plutons are generally made of what kind of rock?
61. Which of the 3 major kinds of plate boundary are plutons associated with?
62. What is the largest kind of pluton?
63. Large, odd shaped outgrowths of batholiths are called what?
64. Igneous intrusions that are formed when magma squeezes between layers of rock are called what?
65. Igneous intrusions that are formed when magma cuts across layers of rock are called what?
66. Igneous intrusions that are formed when magma inflates a sill into a mushroom shape are called
what?
67. How many times taller is Hawaii than Mt. Everest?
68. What is the world’s most active volcano?
69. Trapped water spews as steam through holes called what?
70. Seven percent of New Zealand’s energy is what type?
71. Name another country that gets a substantial amount of its energy from geothermal sources.
72. Mt. St. Helen killed how many people in 1980?
Answers
1. the cone
2. new land, fertile soil, Earth’s water, Earth’s atmosphere
3. see above
4. subduction, sea-floor spreading, hot spots
5. see above
6. see above
7. basaltic
8. granitic
9. basaltic
10. formed from melted granitic sediments
11. water vapor
12. sediments that get melted are wet
13. extinct
14. dormant
15. sleeping
16. active
17. pyroclastics
18. tephra
19. dust
20. climate change caused by blocked sunlight
21. ash
22. lahars
23. cinders
24. blocks
25. scoria, pumice
26. see above
27. pyroclastic flow
28. viscosity
29. pahoehoe
30. aa
31. clinker
32. pahoehoe
33. tsunamis, lahars, pyroclastic flows, crop failure due to blocked sunlight
34. Pompeii (Vesuvius), Krakatoa
35. see above
36. carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide
37. bomb
38. effusive
39. mixed
40. explosive
41. Mt St Helens, Pinatubo, Vesuvius, Krakatoa, Mt Mazama (Crater Lake), Tambora, Santorini,
Soufrierre Hills, Mt Pelee
42. see above
43. see above
44. see diagram in notes
45. cinder cone
46. shield cone
47. cinder cone
48. shield cones
49. Mauna Kea, Mauna Loa
50. Mauna Kea
51. composite cone or stratovolcano or statocone
52. see above
53. shield cone
54. Paricutin
55. see #49, and add Mt Etna, Mt Unzen, Mt Rainier, etc.
55. see above
56. see above
57. see above
58. Mt Rainier
59. plutons
60. granite
61. convergent
62. batholiths
63. stocks
64. sills
65. dikes
66. laccoliths
67. between 2 and 3
68. Kilauea
69. fumaroles
70. geothermal
71. Iceland
72. 57