MINISTRY OF HEALTHCARE OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
TASHKENT MEDICAL ACADEMY
"CONFIRM"
The pro-rector on study
Prof........................... Teshaev O.R.
«__» ___________________ 2011
Department: PHARMACOLOGY
Subject: PHARMACOLOGY
Technology of training on practical employment
On a theme: FIRM MEDICINAL FORMS
(educational-methodical course book
for teachers and students of medical Universities)
Tashkent – 2011
1
Composers: the senior lecturer of department of pharmacology ТМА Zaytseva O. A.,
the senior lecturer of department of pharmacology ТМА Makhsumov Sh. M.
Methodical working out is confirmed:
- At faculty meeting the report №
from
2
20
Theme: FIRM MEDICINAL FORMS
1. 1. A place of carrying out of study, equipment.
- Pharmacology department.;
- The complete set of medicine, the State Pharmacopoeia, samples of
prescription forms, slides.
2. Duration of studying of a theme
Quantity of hours - 3
3. The employment purpose
- To develop knowledge of classification of firm medicinal forms;
- To yield concept about kinds of powders, constituences for powders;
- To develop knowledge of tablets, a dragee and granules;
- To develop general idea about new medicinal forms;
- To acquaint students with features of a discharging of ointments, Pastas,
Linimentums, suppository, powders, tablets, a dragee and granules.
Tasks
The student should know:

Classification of firm medicinal forms;

The characteristic of powders, tablets, dragee and granules;

Features and means of a discharging of firm medicinal forms;

Formulas for calculation of concentration and therapeutic doses for adults,
children and elderly patients.
Student should be able:
To execute practical skills - to carry out of the task under the formula (to write
out prescriptions on powders, tablets, a dragee and granules).
4. Motivation
The doctor of any speciality should be able write out correctly prescriptions on
aqueous solutions for injections, solutions for intravenous introduction, Solutio
oleosa and suspensions, officinal solutions and neogalenicals drugs for injections,
soft medicinal forms, to be able to calculate therapeutic doses for adults, children and
elderly patients, to define solution strength. Therefore the knowledge of this theme is
necessary for all doctors, especially general practitioners, pediatrists,
neuropathologists,
cardiologists,
gynecologists,
dermatoviderologists,
to
ophthalmologists, surgeons.
5. Intersubject and intrasubject communications
Teaching of the yielded theme bases on knowledge students of bases of
chemistry, Latin. The knowledge received during employment will be used at transit
3
of clinical disciplines by all of them, and also at the further studying of partitions of
private pharmacology by all of them.
6. The content of study
6.1. A theoretical part
FIRM MEDICINAL FORMS
Powders
EXAMPLE. To write out 20,0 smallest powders of streptocide, to prescribe for
drawing to a wound.
Rp.: Streptocidi subtillissimi 20,0
D.S. For drawing on a wound
EXAMPLE. To write out 30,0 magnesium oxide. To prescribe on m of a teaspoon 3
times a day in 2 hours after meal.
Rp.: Magnesii oxydi 30,0
D.S. By teaspoon 3 times a day in 2 hours after meal
EXAMPLE. To write out 10 powders of Codeini phosphas on 0,025 with soda.
To prescribe on 1 powder 3 times a day.
Rp.: Codeini phosphatis 0,025
Natrii bicarbonatis 0,3
M.f. pulvis
D.t.d. N. 10
S. By 1 powder 3 times a day
EXAMPLE. To write out 10 powders of camphor grated on 0,15 in a waxen paper.
To prescribe on 1 powder 3 times a day.
Rp.: Camphorae tritae 0,15
D.t.d. N.10 in charta cerata
S. By 1 powder 3 times a day
EXAMPLE to Write out 100,0 complex lacritic powder and to prescribe on 1
teaspoon 3 times a day.
Rp.: Pulveris Liquiritiae compositi 100,0
D.S. By 1 teaspoon 3 times a day
4
Sheaths
EXAMPLE. To write out 10 powders of quinine of sulphate on 0,3 capsular
gelatinous. To prescribe on 1 sheath 3 times a day.
Rp.: Chinini sulfatis 0,3
D.t.d. N.10 in capsulis gelatinosis
S. By 1 sheath 3 times a day
Granules
Rp.: Granulorum Natrii para-aminosalicylatis 100,0
D.S. By 1 teaspoon 3 times a day after meal
Tablet
EXAMPLE. To write out 10 tablets of Dimedrol on 0,03. To prescribe on 1 tablet 2
times a day.
Rp.: Dimedroli 0,03
D.t.d. N. 10 in tabulettis
S. By to 1 tablet 2 times a day
EXAMPLE. To write out 10 tablets "Aeronum", to prescribe on 1 tablet 1-2 hours
prior to flight.
Rp.: Tabulettas “Aeronum” N. 10
D.S. By1 tablet 1-2 hours prior to flight
Dragee
EXAMPLE. To write out 20 dragees containing on 0,025 aminazine. To prescribe on
1 dragee 2 times a day.
Rp.: Dragee Aminazini 0,025
D.t.d. N. 20
S. By 1 dragees 2 times a day
Except all these firm medicinal forms exist also:
To new medicinal forms concern - membranulae ophthalmicae
EXAMPLE. To write out 30 ophthalmic Membranulas, containing Pilocarpinum
a hydrochloride. To seat on 1 Membranula for edge of a lower eyelid of 1 times a
day.
Rp.: Membranulas ophthalmicas cum Pilocarpini hydrochlorido N. 30
D.S. To seat on 1 Membranula for lower eyelid edge daily
5
6.3. A practical part
Performance of tasks under the formula - to write out prescriptions:
1. Analgini on 5 dg in powders.
2. Papaverine hydrochloride Md 2 sg and Themisalum Td 3 dg in powders.
3. Codeine pure Md 5 sg in tablets and powders.
4. Nitroglycerine by 5 dmg in tablets.
5. Riboflavin by 2 mg in a dragee.
6. Levomycetinum by 5 sg capsular.
1. THE DISCHARGING OF PRESCRIPTIONS ON FIRM MEDICINAL FORMS
The purpose: Discharging of prescriptions on firm medicinal forms.
Carried out stages (steps):
№ Action
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
0
Completely
correctly
executed
10
0
30
0
20
0
10
0
30
0
100
Has not
executed
The indicating to the pharmacist (Recipe)
List of the basic and auxiliary medical products
which are a part of the written out medicine,
with the dose indicating
Indicating to the pharmacist about preparation
of the medicinal form (M.f)
Indicating to the pharmacist about quantity of a
given drugs
Indicating to the patient about a drug intake
mean
Total
7. Forms of control of knowledge, skills and abilities
- The verbal;
- The written;
- Demonstration of the mastered practical skills.
6
8. Criteria of an estimation of monitoring
№
1.
2.
3.
4.
Progress
In %
Grade
96-100%
A
91-95%
A
86- 90%
A
81-85%
B
Level of knowledge of the student
The full right answer on questions on the
characteristic of firm medicinal forms and means of
their discharging. Sums up and makes decisions,
creatively thinks, independently analyzes. Correctly
solves problems on calculation of doses and
concentration, with a full substantiation of the
answer.
Activly, creatively participates in discussion of a new
theme, correctly makes decisions, sums up, analyzes.
Prescriptions are written out competently, according
to the medicinal form all possible means.
The full right answer on questions on the
characteristic of firm medicinal forms and means of
their discharging. Creatively thinks, independently
analyzes. Correctly solves problems on calculation of
doses and concentration, with a full substantiation of
the answer.
Activly, creatively participates in discussion of a new
theme, correctly makes decisions.
Prescriptions are written out according to the
medicinal form all possible means, but there is 1
grammatical error.
The supplied questions after the characteristic and
means of a discharging of firm medicinal forms are
shined completely, but there are 1-2 discrepancies in
the answer. Independently analyzes. Discrepancies at
problem solving on calculation of doses and
concentration, but at the correct approach.
Activly participates in discussion of a new theme,
makes correct decisions.
Prescriptions are written out according to the
medicinal form all possible means, but there are 1-2
grammatical errors.
The supplied questions after the characteristic and
means of a discharging of firm medicinal forms are
shined completely, but there are 2-3 discrepancies,
errors. Puts into practice, perceives a question short,
tells confidently, has exact representations. Problems
on calculation of doses and concentration are solved
correctly, but an answer substantiation insufficiently
full.
Activly participates in discussion of a new theme,
correctly makes decisions.
Prescriptions are written out according to the
medicinal form all possible means, but there are 2-3
7
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
76-80%
B
71-75%
B
66-70%
C
60-65%
C
55-60%
C
50-54%
D
grammatical errors.
Correct, but incomplete illumination of a question.
The student knows definitions, but not completely
yields the characteristic (1-2). Perceives a question
short, tells confidently, has exact representations.
Activly participates in discussion of a new theme. At
problem solving on calculation of doses and
concentration makes mistakes at calculation, but at a
right approach.
Prescriptions are written out according to the
medicinal form all possible means, but there are 3-4
grammatical errors.
Correct, but incomplete illumination of a question.
The student knows definitions, but not completely
yields the characteristic (3-4). Perceives a question
short, tells confidently, has exact representations. At
problem solving on calculation of doses and
concentration makes mistakes at calculation, but at a
right approach.
Prescriptions are written out according to the
medicinal form all possible means, but there are 3-4
rasping grammatical errors.
The right answer on half of supplied questions. The
student knows definitions, but is confused in Latin
names, features of preparation of medicinal forms.
Perceives a question short, tells confidently, has exact
representations only on theme individual questions.
Problems on calculation of doses and concentration
are solved truly, but there is a spelling error of doses.
Prescriptions are written out by all possible means,
but there are 1-2 grammatical errors and errors in the
form of a prescription discharging.
The right answer on half of supplied questions. Errors
in definitions, it is confused in Latin names. Tells
uncertainly, has exact representations only on theme
individual questions. Commits errors at problem
solving on calculation of doses and concentration.
Prescriptions are written out not by all possible
means, there are 2-3 grammatical errors and errors in
the form of a prescription discharging.
The answer with errors on half of supplied questions.
The student makes mistakes in definitions, is
confused in Latin names. Tells uncertainly, has
particulate representations on a theme. Problems on
calculation of doses and concentration are solved
with appreciable errors.
Prescriptions are written out not by all possible
means, there are 3-4 grammatical errors and errors in
the form of a prescription discharging.
The right answer on 1/3 supplied questions. The
student does not know definitions, badly understands
means of a discharging of prescriptions, is confused
8
11.
12.
13.
14.
46-49%
D
41-45%
D
36-40%
E
31-35%
E
in definitions, Latin names. Problems on calculation
of doses and concentration are solved incorrectly at
the irregular approach.
Prescriptions are written out improperly, there are
dose spelling errors.
The right answer on 1/4 supplied questions.
The student does not know definitions, badly
understands means of a discharging of prescriptions,
is confused in features of preparation of the yielded
medicinal forms, Latin names.
Problems on calculation of doses and concentration
are solved incorrectly at the irregular approach.
Prescriptions are written out improperly, there are
dose spelling errors, grammatical errors.
Illumination of 1/5 supplied questions, and that with
errors. The student does not know characteristics of
the yielded medicinal forms, badly understands
means of a discharging of prescriptions, is confused
in definitions, Latin names.
Problems on calculation of doses and concentration
are solved incorrectly at the irregular approach, with
an irregular writing of doses.
Prescriptions are written out improperly, there are
dose spelling errors, rasping grammatical errors.
Illumination of 1/10 parts of questions, and that at the
incorrect approach. The student does not know
characteristics of the yielded medicinal forms, badly
understands means of a discharging of prescriptions,
is confused in definitions, Latin names.
Problems on calculation of doses and concentration
are solved incorrectly at the irregular approach, with
an irregular writing of doses.
All prescriptions are written out improperly with
appreciable errors.
On questions does not yield answers. Does not know
definitions, means of a discharging of prescriptions.
Is not able to calculate a dose and concentration.
Is not able to write out prescriptions on firm
medicinal forms.
9. Chronological card of study
№
1
Activity stages
Activity forms
Parenthesis of the teacher (theme
substantiation)
Duration
in minute
(135)
5
9
2
4
Finding-out of initial knowledge of students,
discussion and explanation of a theme of
practical activity with granting to students of
visual aids and a summer residence of
explanatories to them
Discussion summarising
Poll, explanation
100
5
5
Finding-out of degree of achievement of the
purpose of study on the basis of the mastered
theoretical knowledge both by results of
practical work and with the counting of it an
assessment of activity of bunch
Oral poll, written
poll, check of results
of practical work.
Oral poll, written
poll, check of results
of practical work.
20
6
The conclusion of the teacher on the yielded
activity. An assessment of knowledge of
students on 100 mark system and its
announcement. A summer residence of the
task for following activity(the complete set
of questions)
The information,
questions for selfcontained
preparation
5
10. Control questions
1. What medicinal forms fall into with the firm?
2. What is the powder?
3. What distinguish kinds of powders?
4. How powders in prescriptions leave?
5. What is the tablet?
6. How tablets leave?
7. What is the sheath?
8. What kinds of sheaths happen?
9. How sheaths leave?
10. What is the dragee?
11. How dragees leave?
12. What is the granules?
10
13. How granules leave?
14. What new medicinal forms exist?
Performance of tasks under the formula - to write out prescriptions:
1. Analgini on 5 dg in powders.
2. Papaverine hydrochloride Md 2 sg and Themisalum Td 3 dg in powders.
3. Codeine pure Md 5 sg in tablets and powders.
4. Nitroglycerine by 5 dmg in tablets.
5. Riboflavin by 2 mg in a dragee.
6. Levomycetinum by 5 sg capsular.
11. The recommended literature
Basic
1. Kharkevich D.A. Pharmacology. -M: Medicine, 2005, 2010.
2. Kharkevich D.A. The general recipe. - М: Medicine, 1982.
3. Kharkevich D.A.Management to a practical training on pharmacology. - М: Medicine,
1988.
4. Azizova S.S. Pharmacology. - Tashkent: Ibn-Sino, 2000, 2002, 2006.
Additional
5. Mashkovsky M.D.Drugs. Directory. - М: Medicine, 2001, 2005.
6. A directory of Vidal. - М, 2008, 2009.
7. Makhsumov M. N, Malikov M.M. Pharmakology. - Tashkent: Ibn-Sino, 1997.
8. Каcung B.G.Bazic and clinical pharmacology. - St.-Petersburg - Moscow. 1998.
9. Khakimov Z.Z., Azimov M.M., Zaytseva O.A., Radzhapova Sh.Z. The general recipe
Toshkent, 2005.
10. The general medical practice. Clinical references and a pharmacological directory.
Under the editorship of I.P.Denisov. Yu.L. Shevchenko. F.G.Nazyrova. - М: GEOTARMEDIA, 2005.
11.://www.cibis.ru/catalogue/pharmacology_pharmacy_toxicology/a/sites/
52185.html;://medvedev-ma.narod.ru/farmakologia/0.htm;
12. http://max.1gb.ru/farm/;
13. //nmu-student.narod.ru/farmacology;
14. //shop.medicinform.net/showtov.asp?FND=&Cat_id=298696;
15. //www.ronl.ru/formakologiya/; ://www.evrocet.ru/cshop/book-18921;
16. //www.vsma.ac.ru/~pharm/; ://WWW.JEDI.RU/book-189216-115.html.
11
12