AED
Partial Epilepsy effect
Generalized Epilepsy effect
Phenobarbital
Phenytoin
Dilantin
Phenytek
Clonazepam
Benzodiazepines
Carbamazepine
Tegretol XR
Carbatrol
Valproic Acid
Depakote
Depakote ER
Lamotrigine
Lamictal
Oxcarbamazepine
Trileptal
Topiramate
Topamax
Levetiracetam
Keppra
Gabapentin
Neurontin
Tiagabin
Gabatril
Zonisamide
Zonegran
Pregabalin
Lyrica
?yes
Good monotherapy data
yes
Good montherapy in GTC
Other FDA
Indications
Useful for abortive treatment Useful in GTC, Myoclonus
of clusters
Good monotherapy data
May worsen absence
Anxiety
22% responder rate in partial
seizures, was approved for
monotherapy
18-34% responder rate add
on, mono Rx
27-50% responder add on
Rx, mono Rx
27-50% responder rate at
400 mg/day, monoRx
22-40% responder rate add
on
8-26% responder add on,
mono Rx
20-36% responder rate add
on
25-43% responder rate add
on
21-40% responder rate add
on at 600 mg/day
Excellent for absence, GTC,
Myoclonus, best med for JME
Bipolar disorder,
Chronic daily headache
Approved for Lennox Gastaut,
absence seizures
May worsen absence
Bipolar disorder
Useful for GTC, Lennox
Gastaut and possibly absence
Probably useful in some
Headache
No data
Postherpetic neuralgia
Trigeminal neuralgia
(IV preparation ready)
Worsens absence, spike wave
stupor reported
Improves absence seizures
No data
Diabetic Neuropathy
pain, Herpes Zoster
Side effects
sedation
LFT abnl, hirsuitism,
osteopenia, gingival
hyperplasia
sedation
Rash, leukopenia,
hyponatremia,
hepatitis
Hepatitis, alopecia
pancreatitis, tcpenia,
wt gain, tremor
Rash (with Stevens
Johnson)
Hyponatremia,
dizziness, diplopia
Verbal probs, psych
anorexia, kidney stn
Anxiety, depression,
occasional psychosis
Edema, tremor,
sedation
Sedation, dizziness
Kidney stones, rash
and wt loss
Weight gain, edema,
blurred vision
At 400 mg per day, 40% had
50% reduction or more in
seizure frequency
One study with 24%
responder rate in CPSz
No data
Vigabatrin
Sabril
CPSz 51% response rate
Clobazam
Onfi
Untested, but may work in
situations where one might
consider clonazepam
K+ channel agonist, 50%
reduction in @ 35%
Infantile spasms 17% no sz
after 4 wks, may worsen
myoclonus
Indicated for Lennox gastuat Drop seizures in LGS reduced
up to 60% in high dose group
No data
Lacosamide
Vimpat
Rufinamide
Banzel
Ezogabine
Potiga
33% reduction in total sz freq
in Lennox Gastaut
? Spasticity or tardive’s
Vertigo, sleepy,
nausea, diplopia,
short QT
Dizzy, Nausea, low
WBC, sleepy, HA,
Hepatitis
30% VF loss, fatigue
dizzy, weight gain
Sleepiness, nausea,
some paradoxical
aggression
2-3% significant
urinary retention,
somnolence