Pharmacology II
NURS 2021
North Arkansas College
Harrison, AR
1
North Arkansas College
Department of Nursing
Harrison, AR
Course Title: NURS 2021-Pharmacology II (Fall)
Course Instructor: Cheryl Kinder, MSN, RN
Office: M179
Contact Information:
Phone: 870-391-3561 (office)
E-mail: ckinder@northark.edu
Office Hours: Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
9:00 am -2:00pm (on-line)
Clinical Sites (Baxter Regional Med Center)
8:00 am – 3:00 pm
2:30 pm – 4:00 pm
By Appointment
Course Description:
NURS 2021 Pharmacology II (1) 1L
Pharmacology II is a 16 week course that is a continuation of NURS 1011, Pharmacology I.
Emphasis is placed on generic names, therapeutic actions, indications/uses, side effects, adverse
reactions, and nursing implications of medication administration. Safety, clinical reasoning, and
patient teaching concepts are stressed to reduce preventable errors and promote positive patient
outcomes. Co-requisite: NURS 2104
Credit and Time Allotment: One Semester Credit Hour
One hour lecture weekly
Prep time prior to class
Course Location: A104
Course Meeting Time: Thursdays 1:30 – 2:20
Prerequisites/Co-requisites: NURS 1114-Medical Surgical Nursing I
NURS 1011-Pharmacology I
NURS 2014-Medical Surgical Nursing II
Course Requirements: Students are expected to take exams as scheduled. Make up exams will be given
only if advance notice of absence is approved and make-up exam is taken within 1 week of the original
test date. Students are allowed only one make-up exam per course. Grades ≥ 79% must be maintained
for program progression as outlined in Registered Nursing Program Handbook. Nursing students will be
expected to progress through the basic collection and comprehension of pharmacologic information
into the analysis of application of use and response of varied cohort populations. If exam averages are
2
<79% following the 2nd exam the student will be expected to see the instructor. Preparation for class is
mandatory. Pop quizzes and individual/group participation in content presentation is to be expected.
Withdrawal from the course is the responsibility of the student. The North Arkansas College catalog
informs students of deadlines and that you are responsible for officially withdrawing from the course
you are no longer attending. Failure to do so will result in an F on your transcript. I will not withdraw
you from the course.
Grading/Attendance: Grading, attendance and examination policies for this course and all nursing
courses are found in the North Arkansas Registered Nursing Program Handbook
Grading Scale:
90.5-100
A
83.5-90.4
B
78.5-83.4
C
69-78.4
D
< 69
F
Comprehensive Final Exam = 20%
5 Unit exams =70%
Homework-Quizzes = 10%
Required Texts:
Kee, J., Hayes, E., & McCuistion, L. (2015). Pharmacology: A nursing process approach, (8thed).
St. Louis: Saunders. ISBN:978-1-4557-5148-8
ATI text: RN Pharmacology for Nursing (6thed)
MAXI-LEARN learning system notebook (2013)
Suggested Text:
Current Drug Book
Ignatavicius, M. and Workman, L. (2013) Medical-Surgical Nursing: Patient-Centered Collaborative Care,
(7 th ed.), St. Louis, MO: Elsevier-Saunders
Teaching-Learning Activities
Discussion
Videos
Lecture
Simulation (integrated into Medical Surgical Nursing II)
Clinical Practicum Application
Case Studies
ADA Statement: North Arkansas College complies with Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and
the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. Students with disabilities who need special accommodations
should make their requests in the following way: (1) talk to the instructor after class or during office
hours about their disability or special need related to classroom work; and/or (2) contact Special
Services in Room M154 (learning Commons) and ask to speak to Kim Brecklein.
Student Responsibilities and Statement of Action for cases of suspected and verified Academic
Dishonesty as well as what constitutes academic dishonesty is addressed in the Registered Nursing
Program Handbook.
3
Upon successful completion of this course students will be able to:
Course Outcomes
#1
Discuss drug administration, documentation and
teaching as components of safe effective nursing
care, utilizing the nursing process. (Measured by
exam and simulation/clinical application)
#2
Describe the roles and responsibilities of the
registered nurse regarding drug administration.
(Measured by exam, clinical practice application
and discussion)
#3
Explain and demonstrate the 6 rights of medication
administration in both classroom assessment and
clinical practice (Measured by exam and clinical/lab
application)
#4
Apply critical reasoning/thinking in simulated
situations concerning administration of medications
to various populations (Measured by exam, case
studies and discussion)
#5
Plan nursing interventions necessary to the
administration of medications and the teaching
strategies necessary to gain client compliance.
(Measured by exam, case study)
#6
Explain the pharmacologic classification of drugs,
their mechanism of action, common side effects;
potential for adverse reactions, contraindications
and other nursing considerations and interventions.
(Measured by exam and classroom discussion)
#7
Recognize cultural considerations relating to
compliance and administration of medications.
(Measured by exam and classroom discussion, case
study)
Correlating Program Outcomes
Professional Identity
Nursing Judgment
GLO 3
Professional Identity
Nursing Judgment
GLO 4
Professional Identity
Nursing Judgment
GLO 2
Human Flourishing
Nursing Judgment
Spirit of Inquiry
GLO 1
Professional Identity
Human Flourishing
GLO 2
Professional Identity
Nursing Judgment
GLO 3
Professional Identity
Human Flourishing
Nursing Judgment
Spirit of Inquiry
GLO 5
Northark General Learning Outcomes (GLO)
The learning outcomes of general education will be common to all students regardless of major. When
students have completed the general education component of their studies, they should be able to:
1. Apply critical thinking and problem solving skills across disciplines.
2. Apply life skills in areas such as teamwork, interpersonal relationships, ethics, and study habits.
3. Communicate clearly in written or oral formats.
4. Use technology appropriate for learning.
5. Discuss issues of a diverse global society.
4
August 2015
Sunday
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Classes Begin
18
19
20
Orientation
21
22
28
29
Vaccines
23
24
25
26
27
Skin
Eye-Ear disorders
Maxi-Learn Cards due
30
31
5
September 2015
Sunday
6
Monday
7
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
1
2
3
HIV & AIDS
Exam 1 (online)
9/3 (5 pm)-9/5
(5pm)
4
5
8
9
10
Endocrine
11
12
17
Antidiabetics
18
19
24
Urinary Disorders
25
26
Maxi-Learn Cards due
13
14
15
16
Homework
Guided reading dueupload
20
21
22
23
27
28
29
30
6
October 2015
Sunday
4
Monday
5
Tuesday
6
Wednesday
7
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
1
Exam 2 (class)
2
3
8
Nutritional
Support
9
10
15
GI Disorders
16
17
22
23
24
30
31
Maxi-Learn Cards Due
11
12
13
14
Homework
GI Case Study due
upload
18
25
19
26
20
27
21
28
Antiulcer
Exam 3-online
10/22 (5pm)10/24 (5pm)
29
Anticancer
Maxi-Learn Cards Due
*material online (no class)
7
November 2015
Sunday
1
Monday
2
Tuesday
3
Wednesday
4
Thursday
5
Friday
Saturday
6
7
13
14
20
21
27
28
Targeted Therapies
Bio-Modifiers
8
9
10
11
12
Men & Women
Repo*
15
16
17
18
19
Infertility, STDs
Maxi-Learn Cards Due
Unit Overview
22
23
24
25
26
Thanksgiving
Break
no classes
29
30
*material online (no class)
8
December 2015
Sunday
Monday
Tuesday
1
6
7
8
Wednesday
2
9
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
3
4
Exam4 (Class)
Final
blueprint
Available on
Portal
5
10
11
12
Final Exam (class)
13
14
mhapp
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Classes begin
1/11/16
MS III
Pharm III
9
Calendar Overview-Exams
Calendar is subject to changes-watch Portal for announcements
Unit 1-Exam 1: Sept. 3-5 (online)
 Vaccines-Chapter 36
 Drugs for Eye & Ear Disorders-Chapter 49 (Demonstrations)
 Drugs for Skin Disorders-Chapter 50
 HIV and AIDs Related Drugs-Chapter 35
Unit 2-Exam 2: Oct. 1 (class)
 Endocrine-Chapter 51
 Antidiabetics-Chapter 52 (homework)
 Urinary disorders-Chapter 34
Unit 3-Exam 3: October 22-24 (online)
 Nutritional Support-Chapter 17
 GI Disorders-Chapter 47 (homework)
 Antiulcer Drugs-Chapter 48
Unit 4-Exam 4: Dec. 3 (class)
 Anticancer Drugs-Chapter 37
10





Targeted Therapies to Treat Cancer-Chapter 38
Biologic Response Modifiers-Chapter 39
Men and Women’s Reproductive Health-Chapters 56-57
Infertility and STDs-Chapter 58
Antivirals , etc-Chapter 33
*HOMEWORK NOT ACCEPTED AFTER 5PM ON DUE DATE
Maxi-Learn Cards considered Homework and are due at beginning of class specified on calendar
(no late cards accepted)
Final Blueprint-Dec. 3
11
Unit I: Vaccines, Eyes, Ears, Skin, HIV/AIDs
Objectives
1. Discuss the 6 QSEN Competencies and
relationship to medication errors. (review)
2. Compare and contrast the different types of
immunity.
3. Develop a teaching plan for parents concerned
about use of vaccines.
4. Demonstrate proper technique for administration
of eye and ear medications. (pgs. 135-136) and
teaching needs.
5. Discuss the action, side effects, contraindications
of drugs used for glaucoma
6. Discuss the action, routes, side effects, reactions
of the common drugs used for treatment of eye and
ear problems.
7. Discuss glaucoma, types, classifications, herbal
interactions.
8. Give examples of drug/contact induced dermatitis
and treatments.
9. Discuss the treatment options and teaching
needed by patients receiving medications for acne.
10. Examine nursing interventions specific to the
patient receiving treatment for burns with topical
antiinfectives.
Course Outcomes: 1, 2, 3
Content
I. Vaccines
A. Types of “immunities”
B. Types and uses of each vaccines
1. conjugate
2. recombinant subunit vaccines
3. adjuvant
C. Disease prevention
D. Adult Immunizations
1. cocooning (Tdap)
F. Specific Vaccines
1. Varicella
a. nursing process applied
b. VIS (Vaccine Information Statement)
II. Eye and Ear Disorders
A. Forms and use
1.Stains
2. topical anesthetics,
3.anitinfectives,
4.anti-inflammatories,
5. decongestants, lubricants
B. Antiglaucoma agents
1. Prostaglandin Analogues (Latanoprost)
2. Cholinergic Agents
3. Beta Blockers
4. Nursing Considerations
III. Dermatological Problems
A. Acne
B. Psoriasis
C. Warts
D. Dermatitis
E. Impetigo
F. Hair Loss
G. Burns
Assignments
Reading: Kee, J., Hayes, E., & McCuistion, L.
 36: Vaccines (also applicable to
Pediatric studies)
 49: Drugs for Eye and Ear Disorders
 50: Drugs for Dermatological
Disorders (also in Pediatric Nursing)
 12: Safety and Quality in
Pharmacotherapy (review)
 13: Medication Administration
(review)
ATI:
 Chapters 14, 41
MAXI-LEARN
 Zostavax
 Latanopost
 Pilocarpine HCL
 Retin-A
 Tetracycline
Handouts
 Demonstration expectations
Websites: www.qsen.org
www.cdc.gov/medicationsafety
www.immunize.org (VIS in
different languages)
Videos
Exam 1: 9/3 (online) will open following class
9/3-9/5 (times announced
12
Unit II-Endocrine, Antidiabetics, Urinary Disorders
Objectives
1. Differentiate between the action and use of
antiinfectives, antispasmodics, antimuscarinics,
analgesics, stimulants as they pertain to treatment
of Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)
2. Illustrate and apply the nursing process to
treatment of Endocrine disorders.
3. Compare pathophysiology Type 1 and Type II and
treatment of each.
4. Compare the onset, peak and duration of each
type of insulin.
5. Examine and discuss the action and teaching of
use of oral antidiabetics.
6. Communicate knowledge of teaching for the
insulin dependent patient.
7. List signs and symptoms of Hypoglycemic insulin
reaction.
8. List signs and symptoms of hyperglycemic
reactions (diabetic acidosis)
Content
I. Urinary tract infections-defined
A. Antiinfectives-Macrodantin/nitrofurantion
B. Antispasmodics-oxybutynin/Ditropan
C. Analgesics-pyridium/phenazopyridium
D. Antimuscarinics/Anticholinergics
Detrol/tolterodine
E. Urinary Stimulants- bethanechol chloride
(Urecholine)
II. Endocrine system-defined
A. Pituitary-Athcar Gel
1. Nursing Implications
B. Thyroid-Levothyroxin
1. Hypothyroidism-Synthroid /T4
2. Hyperthyroidism-PTU, Tapazole
3. Drug interactions and Nursing
C. Parathyroidism
1. hypoparathyroidism-Calcitriol/Rocarol
2. Hyperparathryoidism calcitonin
salmon/Fortical
D. Adrenal
1. glucocorticoid-Cortisone
2. Mineral corticoids
III. Antidiabetics
A. oral agents
B. insulins
C. Glucagon
D. Nursing interventions
E. Safety
1. herbal interactions (pg 765)
IV. hypoglycemic reaction-define
V. ketoacidosis-define
Course Outcomes: 2,4,6,8
Assignments
Reading: Kee, J., Hayes, E., & McCuistion, L.
 34: Urinary Tract Disorders
 51: Endocrine Drugs
 52: Antidiabetics
ATI:

Chapters 39, 40, 46
MAXI-LEARN
 Macrodantin
 Pyridium
 Ditropan
 Metformin
 Synthroid
 Tapazole
 Deltasone
 Insulins (see pg. 762-do each type)
 Glucophage
Handouts
Review Key Terms
Homework: Guided Reading
Neuropathy Quiz and Answers (not required)
Videos
Exam 2: 10/1 (in class)
13
Unit III-Nutritional Support, GI, Antiulcer
1. Explain the differences between enteral and
parenteral nutrition.
2. Describe the routes available for enteral
feedings.
3. Describe the nursing interventions for patients
receiving enteral nutrition.
4. Indicate the complications that might occur with
the use of parenteral/enteral nutrition and nursing
management of these complications.
5. Compare the pharmacologic treatment of
vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation.
6. Employ the nursing process for the patient
taking antiemetics, antidiarrheals, and laxatives.
7. Describe the differences (between) and uses for
osmotic, stimulants, and bulk forming laxatives.
8. List and compare the actions of the 7 groups of
antiulcer drugs.
9. Differentiate between peptic, gastric, duodenal
ulcers and GERD and the prescribed treatment.
I. Nutritional Support
A. define enteral/parenteral nutrition
1. examples
B. Complications
C. Nursing Interventions
II. Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders
A. Vomiting
1. non-pharmacological management
2. OTC med
3. Rx meds-classes
a. antihistamines/anticholinergics
b. dopamine antagonists
c. butyrophenines
d. benzodiazepines
e. serotonin antagonists
f. glucocorticoids
g. cannaboids
h. miscellaneous
B. Diarrhea
1. antidiarrheals
2. non-pharmacological management
C. Constipation
1. laxatives
a. stimulants-examples
b. osmotic-examples
c. bulk forming-examples
III. Antiulcer Drugs
A. Define ulcers
1. pathophysiology
2. h-pylori
B. Drug treatment
1.. Tranquilizers
2. Anticholinergics
3. Antacids
4. Histamine2 blockers
5. PPIs
6. Pepsin inhibitors
7. Prostaglandin inhibitors
A. Nursing Interventions
Reading: Kee, J., Hayes, E., & McCuistion, L.
 17: Nutritional Support
 47: Drugs for GI Disorders
 48: Antiulcer Drugs
ATI:

Chapters 28, 29
MAXI-LEARN
 Antiemetics (include Marinol)
 Antidiarrheals
 Laxatives (example of each group)
Handouts/Course Materials
 See Portal
Homework-GI Case Study
Class Flash quiz
Videos
Exam 3: will open following class 10/22 (5
pm)-10/24 (5pm)
14
Unit IV: Men & Women’s Health, Infertility, STDs, Antituberculars, Antivirals, Anticancers
Objectives
1. Describe methods of contraception and
associated patient and family teaching.
2. Provide information and interventions that are
applicable (non-pharmacologic/pharmacologic) to
women who are menopausal or in perimenopause.
3. Differentiate between the types of medications
used to treat or manage osteoporosis.
4. Differentiate common conditions for which
androgen/antiandrogen therapy are indicated.
5. Explain risks of androgen therapy and
assessment of the patient on androgen therapy.
6. List the pharmacologic therapies and the
expected outcomes of these therapies used in
treatment of women’s health issues.
7. Determine and list teaching needs for patient
receiving an antihelmintic.
8. Discuss safety issues for nurses administering
chemotherapeutic agents.
9. Compare the mechanisms of action of targeted
therapies for cancer with those of standard chemo
drugs.
10. Incorporate the nursing process related to the
needs of the patients receiving BRMs into teaching
plan.
11. Discuss commonalities between all cancer
treatment modalities.
Content
I. Women’s Repro Health and Menopause
A. Contraception methods-Routes
B. Withdrawal bleeding
C. Nursing Interventions-contraception
1. Nursing Process pgs. 856-58,
D. Menopause
F. Medical Abortion
G. Osteoporosis
II. Men’s Health and Reproductive Health
A. Androgens (natural)
1. Testosterone
a. uses
b. nursing implications
B. Antiandrogens
1. Oxandrolone/Oxandrin
a. uses
b. nursing implications
C. Delayed Puberty, Pituitary, Thyroid,
Adrenal Disorders and Treatment
E. Sexual Dysfunction
F. BPH-Benign Prostate Hyperplasia
III. Infertility, STIs, Health Disorders (female)
A. Common conditions and treatment
1. abnormal bleeding patterns
2. fertility issues
3. premenstrual syndrome
4. STIs
IV. Antivirals, Antimalarials, Antihelmics
A. Virus treatment for infections (flu)
B. Vaccines-intro (more in chapter 36)
C. Antivirals (non-HIV)
1. acyclovir (see prototype pg 452)
D. Helminths
1. Side effects of treatment options
Assignments
Reading: Kee, J., Hayes, E., & McCuistion, L.
 56: Drugs for Women’s Reproductive
Health and Menopause
 57: Drugs for Men’s Health and
Reproductive Disorders
 58: Drugs for Disorders in Women’s
Health, Infertility, and Sexually
Transmitted Infections
 33: Antivirals, Antimalarials, and
Antihelmintics
 37: Anticancer Drugs
 38: Targeted Therapies
 39: Biologic Response Modifiers
ATI:

Chapters 31, 47, 48
MAXI-LEARN
 Premarin
 Silendifil
 Flomax
 INH
 Diflucan
 Retrovir-AZT
 Oncovin
 Cytoxin
 Megace
 Avastatin
 Neupogen
Powerpoint
Handouts:
 Cancer Summary for study
 Men and Women’s Health
15
V. Anticancer Drugs
A. Cytoxan/cyclophosphamide
1. Nursing Process
B. Fluorouracil, 5-Fu
1. Nursing Process
C. Doxirubicin/Adriamycin
1. Nursing Process
D. Vincristine/Oncovin, plant alkaloid
1. Nursing Process
VI. Targeted Therapies
A. Defined
B. Imatinib/Gleevec
C. Erlotinib/Tarceva
D. Rituximab/Rituxin
VII. Biological Response Modifiers
A. Defined-purpose
B. Drugs
1. Epogen
2. Neupogen
3. Leukine
C. Nursing Process
Review the key terms in each chapter
(particularly 37, 38, 39)
http://www.cdc.gov/STD/treatment
Videos
Exam 4: Dec. 3 (class)
16
Supplemental Material:
Pictorial Guide to Herbals
17
Common Herbal Therapies:
COMMON
HERB
Source
Aloe Vera
Indications/ Uses
Constipation
Pain/healing of burns,
wounds, sunburn,
psoriasis
Action


2 substance:
Gel & Latex
Black
Cohosh
Chamomile
Dong Quai
Side effects
Pregnancy/Lactation
Children
Ulcerative Colitis
Cardiac glycosides,
antiarrhythmics,
thiazide diuretics,
licorice, corticosteroids,
antidiabetics
Long-term use:
 Arrhythmias
 Neuropathies
 Edemas
 Albuminuria
 Hematuria
Powerful cardiac
stimulant
Sedative effects on
nervous system
Cap/Tab
Tincture
Pregnancy/Lactation
Children
Antihypertensives
Affect iron absorption
digoxin
Dizziness
Headache
Nausea
Changes in heart rate
Antispasmodic & antiinflammatory
Sedative effects
Tea



None known
circulation as well as
kills bacteria
Latex: stimulant
laxative

Digestive and GI
complaints
 Irritable Bowel
Syndrome
 Infant Colic
Anxiety

PMS
Menopausal symptoms
From same family as
carrots, parsley and
poison hemlock
Phytoestrogen activity;
vasodilation, small muscle
relation
Contains B12

Interactions
PO
Topical
Topical gel: some
PMS
Menstrual Cramps
Menopausal symptoms
Palpitations
Irritability

Forms

Tea
Tincture
Allergy to ragweed
 sedative affects
Interfere with
anticoagulants
simvastatin
Not a lot known about
this drug.
Recommendation is to
avoid.
coumadin
Rash
Photosensitivity
Fever
Excessive menstrual
bleeding
18
Echinacea
Immune enhancer
Respiratory Infections &
UTIs
Root: flu like symptoms
Snakebites
Furthering phagocytosis by
means of increasing
leukocytes and spleen cells
and activating granulocytes
Oral
Topical
Immunocompromised
people to avoid
GI upset / diarrhea
Lozenges/tincture:
numbness or tingling
Evening
primrose
PMS
Prostaglandin disorder
Diabetic neuropathies
Chronic inflammatory
conditions (eczema)
Estrogen promoter
PO (oil)
Pregnancy/lactation
  seizure threshold
of anticonvulsants
 Anticoagulants /
Antiplatelet drugs
Slow blood clotting
Feverfew
Migraine
Arthritis
Inhibit platelet aggregation
and act as a serotonin
antagonist in mediating
vascular headaches
PO
Topical
May affect blood
clotting
Garlic
Hypercholesterolemia
Mild HTN
Colds & Flus

Caps
Cloves
Pregnancy/Lactation
(may stimulate labor &
cause infant colic)
Hypothyroidism
Anticoagulants
Post-feverfew syndrome:
fatigue, headache, joint
pain, nervousness
Chewing leaves may cause
sores in mouth
Heartburn
Flatulence
Gastric irritation
Decreased RBCs
Dizziness
Diaphoresis
Cap/Tab
Tincture
Pregnancy
Thrombocytopenia
Anticoagulants
Hx of gallstones
Gastric discomfort
Anorexia
Cap/Tab
Tincture
Pregnancy/lactation
Children
Anticoagulants
Thiazide diuretics (
BP)
Headache
Gastric distress
Toxicity: vomiting, diarrhea,
dermatitis, irritability
(purple
coneflower)
Ginger
Nausea
Morning sickness
Motion sickness
Gastric protection with
NSAIDS
Ginkgo
Allergic rhinitis
Alzheimer’s disease /
dementia
Anxiety/stress
Raynaud’s disease
Tinnitus, vertigo, altitude
sickness












Detoxifies body and 
immune function
 platelet aggregation
 HDL and 
cholesterol
Antimicrobial activity
Hypoglycemia
Stimulates digestion
 bile and motility
Antispasmodic
 platelet aggregation
 absorption and 
excretion of cholesterol
Antioxidant
Peripheral vasodilation
 platelet aggregation
19
Ginseng
Cold & flu prevention
Adaptation to stress
Chronic fatigue
syndrome
Supports adrenal glands,
enhances energy levels by
inhibiting alarm phase SNS
response, stimulates RBC
production, decreases blood
sugar levels
Cap/Tab
Tea
Tincture
Pregnancy/Lactation
BP > 170/90
Children
Bipolar/psychotic D/O
DM
Anticoagulants
 effects of caffeine
Falsely elevate digoxin
levels
Pregnancy/Lactation
HTN
 effects of heparin,
anticoagulants, cardiac
glycosides
 effects of many
cardiac meds
Pregnancy/Lactation
Children
Parkinsonism/Levodopa
 CNS sedating effects
HTN
Palpitations
Diarrhea
Insomnia
Goldenseal
Infection (resp, GI, UTI)
Cholecystitis
Cirrhosis

Stimulates immune
system and bile
secretion
Cap/Tab
Kava
Anxiety
Insomnia
Skeletal muscle spasm
Psychotic D/O
CNS sedation without loss of
mental acuity or memory
Cap/Tab
Tea
Licorice
Viral infection
Upper Resp. Infection
Inflammation
Addison’s disease
Depression
Ulcers





Anti-inflammatory
Antibacterial
Antiviral
Antidepressant
Laxative
Cap/Tab
Team
Tincture
DGL
Pregnancy/lactation
Children
HTN
Kidney/Liver Dz
Caution with DM
Consuming 2ounces of
black Licorice daily for 14
days may cause
arrhythmias in people over
40 years of age.
Ma Huang
(ephedra)
Weight loss
Appetite suppression

Stimulant
Cap
Tea
Tinctures
Heart disease or
problems
HTN
Asthma / Lung disease
Insomnia
Glaucoma
Kidney disease
Bipolar/Depression
SERIOUS/FATAL SIDE
EFFECTS
 Heart Attack
 Stroke
 Irregular heartbeats
 Sudden death
Stimulate side effects
Headache
Hepatotoxic (high doses)
Toxicity: CNS depression,
restlessness, seizures,
Cardio collapse
GTN
Headache
Weakness
Liver toxicity
20
Milk thistle
Liver disease
Cholecystitis
Psoriasis
 regeneration of liver cells
 antioxidant activity
Cap/tab
Tincture
Pregnancy/Lactation
Children
Diarrhea
n/v
Menstrual changes
Peppermint
IBS
Indigestion
Cholecystitis
Infant colic
Nasal decongestant
Musculoskeletal pain
(topical)
Itching (Topical)
Mood swings
Mild to Mod Depression
Anxiety
Sleep disorders
Burns/Wounds
(topically)
neuralgia
BPH
Chronic cystitis
Sexual potency



Antispasmodic
bile flow
External analgesic
Cap/Tab
Tea
Tincture/
Oil
No known drug
interactions
May interfere with iron
absorption
None known
Proposed:
*Inhibition of serotonin,
dopamine, norepinephrine
*Binds to GABA-A, GABA-B
receptors blocking the
binding of GABA
Tea
Tincture
Pill
Skin photosensitivity
Headache
GI upset
Dry mouth
Dizziness
Confusion


Cap/Tab
Tea
Extract
Pregnancy/Lactation
Antidepressants
MAOIs
Children <2
May  effect of digoxin
Iron (inhibits absorption
of iron)
 Avoid in pregnancy,
lactation , children,
clients with breast
CA
 May interfere with
PSA test
  or  antiinflammatories
effects
St. John’s
Wort
Saw
Palmetto

 size of prostate
 breakdown of
estrogen, progesterone,
& prolactin
Antiandrogenic Diuretic
Headache
Dysuria
Back pain
21
Valerian
Insomnia
Stress headaches
Anxiety
Muscle/Menstrual
cramps



Sedative/hypnotic
Antispasmodic
 deep sleep
Cap/Tab
Tea
Tincture
Alcohol
Sedatives
Avoid in pregnancy
Monitor LFT (long term)
Anxiety
Headaches
GI upset
Hangover effect (high doses)
Much of the information for this pictorial reference is taken from Chapter 6 in Kee, Hayes, McCuiston, 8e. Pharmacology. Many of
these “herbs” are harvested in our area. Studies continue and there are many side effects not listed in this chart. Consider that
there are different grades and qualities of these preparations and some of the Chinese herbal products have been found to be
contaminated with heavy metals or even some prescription drugs.
When taking health histories it is important to herbal remedies and maybe to refer to them as homeopathic remedies (include
use of teas, tinctures, tablets and dried herbs).
St. John’s Wort has many known drug interactions, most decreasing the intended effects of the Rx drugs.
Not listed here is sassafras. Tea made from the roots in early spring was said to “purify the blood of winter stagnation”.
Traditionally the roots are only used for a few weeks in the early spring. The safrole oil contained in the bark of the root has been
banned from use in Root Beer and candy as it was determined to be carcinogenic when tested on rats. Sassafras leaves are
ground and used to thicken gumbo when okra is not in season (Creole spice filé).
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SYLLABUS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Course:
___NURS 2021-Pharmacology II
Semester: ___Fall
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indicated above. I have reviewed the syllabus and understand the objectives of this
course. Further, I understand how my performance will be evaluated and how my final
grade will be determined. I am aware of my instructor’s office hours, and I know how to
contact him or her for help with and/or clarification of course contents or procedures.
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