Final Report
Management Summary
Comprehensive Evaluation of International
Development Cooperation of the Czech Republic
in the Water and Sanitation Sector in Bosnia and
Herzegovina
Sponsor
Ministry of Foreign Affaires of the Czech Republic
Loretánské náměstí 5, 118 00 Prague 1
Contractor
Naviga 4, s.r.o.
Pobřežní 249/46, 186 00 Prague 8
Date of Final Report: 8.12. 2014
Naviga 4, s.r.o., Pobřežní 249/46, 186 00 Praha 8, naviga4@naviga4.cz, www.naviga4.cz
Projekt: Komplexní vyhodnocení zahraniční rozvojové spolupráce České republiky v sektoru vody a sanitace v Bosně a Hercegovině Závěrečná zpráva
MANAGEMENT SUMMARY
Scope of Evaluation
Project “Comprehensive evaluation of international development cooperation of the Czech Republic in the
water and sanitation sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH)” was implemented by the Naviga4 in the period of
May to October 2014. The evaluation mission to Bosnia and Herzegovina was conducted between September
22 to October 4, 2014. The dates of the mission and course of evaluation works were affected by the
catastrophic floods in Bosnia and Herzegovina from May 2014, which affected directly the project sites
concerned. Following the floods, the term of the mission was postponed for three months. General election in
BiH, which followed immediately after the mission, formed another factor that affected the availability of
stakeholders for evaluators. Together they influenced the concentration of some stakeholders on development
cooperation issues and its perceived prioritization and urgency.
The evaluation has been was carried out on the basis of three completed projects implemented within the
Czech development cooperation:
Development of Waste Management in Doboj a Maglaj Region
Responsible party:
Czech Development Agency
Implementing party
GEOtest a.s.
Year of realization:
2011 – 2013
Budget:
18 mil. Kč
Support in Building a Sewerage System and Waste Water Treatment Plant in the Village of Svrake
Responsible party:
Czech Development Agency
Implementing party
Hydroprojekt CZ a.s.
Year of realization:
2012
Budget:
0,31 mil. Kč (planned allocation 750 000 EUR)
Waste Management, Waste Sources, Packaging and Further Manipulation
Responsible party:
Ministry of Industry and Trade
Implementing party
VEXIM s.r.o.
Year of realization:
2012
Budget:
0,91 mil. Kč
The evaluation project has been sponsored by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic. The overall
objective of the evaluation was to provide substantiated conclusions that can be subsequently used as a basis
for future strategic decisions by the key actors in the sector of water and sanitation in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Relevance of the Czech development cooperation ranked as high
Activities of the Czech development cooperation focused on improving the situation in the following areas
covered in water and sanitation sector: Wastewater management, specifically municipal waste water
treatment, solid waste management, specifically municipal waste with an emphasis on mixed municipal waste
and its sortable components; further, packaging waste and marginally waste produced from waste water
treatment.
Activities of the Czech development cooperation focused most of the major needs of Bosnia and Herzegovina
in the solid waste management sector: Lack of strategic documents such as waste management plans (WMP) at
regional levels, poorly developed institution of "extended producer responsibility", unmet infrastructure needs
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Projekt: Komplexní vyhodnocení zahraniční rozvojové spolupráce České republiky v sektoru vody a sanitace v Bosně a Hercegovině Závěrečná zpráva
in collection, transport, treatment and elimination of waste; weak legal environment, sub-optimal planning and
development of strategic infrastructure of the sector (regional landfills).
In waste water treatment area the Czech development cooperation also focused on relevant problem, namely
inadequate infrastructure for municipal wastewater treatment. Outputs and results of implemented activities
are in line with the priorities set by the Strategy of Development Cooperation of the Czech Republic for 20102017 in the field of environmental protection. Relevance of the Czech development cooperation can therefore
be regarded as high.
Impact of the Czech development cooperation ranked as rather high
Development cooperation activities, inter alia, led to the creation of the regional municipal waste management
system in the territory of 14 municipalities in the region of Doboj-Maglaj, which represent approximately 10%
of the country's population. Following the implementation of the Aid for Trade project, first “authorized
packaging company” in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Ekopak) has been established. For packaging waste producers
has thus been created a platform for meeting legal obligations to recollect and recycle of packaging waste. The
company is legally bound to develop the system of separate collection of waste in municipalities, promote
recycling capacities, including the development of systematic education and awareness raising.
In wastewater treatment sector the results planned have not been achieved. In the area of solid waste
management a systemic and complex approach has been chosen resulting in gradual building a regional waste
management system. Conceptual, infrastructural, technological and educational components of the system
were supported. The situation in the sector after floods acutely reinforces the need for the construction of
regional landfills / dumpsites as the volume of waste deposited significantly increased and the service life of
the current landfill further shortened. Impact of the Czech development cooperation can be marked as rather
high.
Effectiveness of the Czech development cooperation not fully evaluable
Activities of the Czech development cooperation are based upon sectoral priorities enshrined in the Strategy of
Development Cooperation of the Czech Republic for 2010-2017. Unfortunately, the strategy is not
supplemented by more specific strategic implementation framework that would support coherence in selection
of funded activities and promoted strategic focus on common objectives and results. Therefore, verification
and evaluation of the extent of achievement of objectives at the sector level cannot be done appropriately
unless explicitly defined goals and metrics are set. Effectiveness cannot be fully evaluated; nonetheless,
priorities of the Strategy have been followed.
Efficiency of the Czech development cooperation ranked as rather high
Efficiency at the sector level can be defined as choice of solutions in the implementation of projects that lead
to systemic improvements and have a complex character, i.e. address all the critical success factors for long
term and sustainable improvement in the situation of the target group. Activities of the Czech development
cooperation have combined thematic approach (packaging management) and regional approach in this
respect. Both strategies lead to results and can be considered synergic, principally.
In the solid waste management sector, Czech development cooperation focused on meeting the needs at the
conceptual (creating waste management plans, technical documentation and studies), technology and
infrastructure level, and complementarily - necessary educational and awareness raising measures. Systemic
nature of implemented activities consisted in meeting the needs at levels of collection, removal, treatment and
final neutralization of waste, including conditions for further development of supported activities and territory.
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Projekt: Komplexní vyhodnocení zahraniční rozvojové spolupráce České republiky v sektoru vody a sanitace v Bosně a Hercegovině Závěrečná zpráva
In the area of municipal wastewater treatment, evaluator concluded that intentions of expansion and / or
modification of existing infrastructures should be considered an alternative approach. If the allocated funds do
not allow the realization of complex construction project of sewerage and sewage treatment plant at a
significant source of pollution (taking into account the total scale of the problems – ca. 10 000 inhabitants and
more). For instance, mere reconstruction of waste water treatment plant (WWTP) at a similarly significant
source of pollution, where there is a sewer system, but the existing WWTP proven technology does not provide
a contemporary standard of wastewater treatment can represent more efficient solution. The effectiveness of
the development cooperation sector can be ranked rather high.
Sustainability of the Czech development cooperation ranked as rather high
Systemic solution represents also the prerequisite for sustainability of activities. The evaluator verified the
existence of the prerequisites for ensuring the sustainability of supported activities. Realized awareness
campaigns in area of sorting and separate waste collection at schools produce results after funding has been
ended. Nevertheless, efforts in building regional waste management system must be completed by actual
construction of landfill, according to current environmental standards. Floods further accentuated the need,
while temporarily shifted the priorities of relevant actors to post-flood reconstruction. Sustainability of Czech
development cooperation can be considered rather high even in the field of packaging waste. Involvement of
packaging waste producers following the Czech model is also addressing the sustainability of the project
outputs.
The complexity of the solutions supported has emerged as a key factor and prerequisite for efficiency and
sustainability. If complex solutions are not addressed directly through the Czech development cooperation
activities, it should be then provided for example in the form of complementarity with the activities of other
actors in development cooperation. The evaluator recommended to monitor the forthcoming program of the
agency SIDA in waste management, as the biggest donor in the sector of solid waste management in Bosnia
and Herzegovina.
Unmet needs and potential for further cooperation
Unmet needs in the sector of solid waste management in Bosnia and Herzegovina include: management of
hazardous waste from municipal sources, planning and infrastructure development for material and energy use
of waste, central monitoring and reporting system, extending the scope of material flows within the Institute of
extended producer responsibility (batteries, tires, waste from electrical and electronic equipment used mineral
oils, etc.) Infrastructure and technological needs result from the waste management plans of individual
municipalities, generally involve collecting trucks, compactors, containers, containers, sorting lines presses,
mechanical-biological treatment of waste, composting).
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Projekt: Komplexní vyhodnocení zahraniční rozvojové spolupráce České republiky v sektoru vody a sanitace v Bosně a Hercegovině Závěrečná zpráva
Recommendations of the evaluator
According to the focus of the future Czech development cooperation, the evaluator identified following key
recommendations:
Recommendations
Resume / follow up on activities leading to the creation of policy
documents in the area of waste management at municipal level
Approved waste management plans constitute a prerequisite for building
functional, sustainable regional waste management system. Plans can
clearly define technological and investment needs and thus create a
basement level for complementary action of various financial donors and
other stakeholders in waste management development.
Establish and promote activities in the field of environmental education
and awareness raising especially those that are complementary to
infrastructure projects
Education, awareness raising and motivation of the local population creates
a prerequisite for the sustainability of activities / projects regarding the
efficiency of charges and thus sustainability of operational financing of
municipal enterprises.
Focus on solutions of components, that remain systematically unsolved components of municipal waste such as hazardous waste
Management of hazardous waste constituents is not systematically
addressed and solved at the level of municipal waste management systems.
Usually hazardous waste is not collected separately and ends on unsecured
landfills.
Focus on the missing infrastructure key elements in the partial material
waste management streams according to the specific needs of the local or
regional entities, enacted in the waste management plan
Coordinate activities in the sector with other donors, among, following
the evaluation of the program SIDA (Municipal Programme for Solid
Waste Management in Bosnia and Herzegovina 2010-2014)
Over a long period SIDA is a key actor in the field of waste management in
BiH. Following the "Results Strategy for Sweden's reform cooperation with
Eastern Europe, the Western Balkans and Turkey 2014-2020" a set of
thematic and territorial priorities is going to be developed, which may
provide a framework for complementary action of the Czech development
cooperation.
In the case of projects proposal focused on municipal wastewater
treatment, it is suitable to consider the efficiency of expenditures related
to the overall impact on the extent of the problem and needs of the sector
(value for money)
For example by prioritizing the modernization and reconstruction of existing
infrastructure instead of building new wastewater treatment infrastructure.
Develop conceptual / strategic framework of future Czech development
cooperation engagement in the water and sanitation sector in Bosnia and
Herzegovina
A comprehensive evaluation of Czech development cooperation in the
sector requires (primarily) defining of objectives and indicators to measure
level of achievement. Only under this condition it is possible to analyze and
address the issues of the achievement of the objectives. Objectives and
indicators established in the strategy should be formulated for the subsectors separately
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Addressee
ČRA
Severity rating
Medium
ČRA
(Contractors)
Medium
ČRA
Medium
ČRA
Medium
ČRA
Medium
ČRA
Medium
MZV / ČRA
High