1
CURRICULUM VITAE OF S. PALANIAPPAN
EDUCATION
Degree
Ph.D.
M.Sc.
B.Sc.
University/Institution
Indian Institute of
Science, Bangalore
Madurai Kamaraj
University`
Madurai Kamaraj
University`
Subject
Polymer
Chemistry
Chemistry
Year
1985-91
Class
1983-85
First
Chemistry
Physics
1980-83
First
EMPLOYMENT
Designation From
Sl.
No.
Employer
1
Indian Institute of Chemical
Technology, Hyderabad
Principal
Scientist
06-11-98
1998
Contin. Research &
Development
2
Central Power Research
Institute, Bangalore
Scientific
Officer
Grade II
19-06
1991
05-11-98
PUBLICATION
Publications
Papers
Patents
Reviews
Book Chapter
General Articles
Symposium
Award
Technology
Technical Consultancy
Editorial Board
Peer REVIEW Journal
Peer Review – Project Proposal
Thesis Evaluation
95
13 Inventions
3
2
2
59
4
2
1
2
155
41
12
To
Nature of
Duties
1998
Research &
Development
Testing
Communications
4
----1
--------
2
Achievements










Synthesis of polyaniline by electrochemical and chemical polymerization
methods.
Chemical synthesis by aqueous, emulsion and dispersion polymerization methods
Preparation of polyaniline salt in aqueous and in various organic solvents
Preparation of polyaniline dispersion in aqueous and in various organic solvents
Proved benzoyl peroxide as an important oxidizing agent in conducting polymer
synthesis
Proved polyaniline as curing agent for epoxy resin
Proved polyaniline salts can act as polymer based solid acid catalyst in organic
transformations
Synthesis of polypyrrole salt
Synthesis of polyindoles
Preparation of organically soluble substituted polyphenylene system for PLED
application
EXPERIENCE FROM AUG.1985 TO DATE
A. RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT (from Aug.1985 to date)
I. DOCTORAL WORK (From August 1985 – May 1991)
Spectroscopic studies on polymeric charge-transfer complexes. Poly(vinyl
pyridine) donors with low molecular weight acceptors.
* In an effort to understand the mode, site, nature of interaction and
mechanism for the conductivity of polymeric complexes, spectroscopic studies on
polymeric as well as its model donors with low molecular weight acceptors have been
carried out.
* A method has been proposed to determine the equilibrium constant, rate
constants for the association and dissociation processes for the equilibrium of chargetransfer complex formation using electronic absorption spectroscopy.
* g-Value, linewidth, spin concentration at different temperatures have been
calculated for all the charge-transfer complexes and also the complexes prepared
by different methods. The energy of activation (band gap energy) for the
polymeric charge-transfer complexes has also been calculated by electron paramagnetic
resonance spectroscopy.
3
* Evidence for the formation of polymeric charge-transfer complexes have
been given by comparing the infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of all
the charge-transfer complexes with the spectra of the individual components.
II. COAL PROJECT
(April 1997 – October 1998)
The relevant literature on coal quality impact on power plant performance are
being collected. The combustion related information in respect of reactivity based
behaviour is linked with the inferior quality of coal used in thermal power station. The
DTG based buring profile provide a useful measure to assess reactivity. Test results
available in respect of 10 thermal power station coal samples provide clue to this trend.
Six Indian powder station coal, two Australian coal and three blend samples were
subjected to combustion studies using proximate analysis, thermal analysis such
thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermogravimetry (DTG) and differential
thermal analysis(DTA).
The coal samples were selected on the basis of different amount of volatile
mattter (15-33% ), fixed carbon (18-63%) and ash content (12-63%).
Differential thermogravemetry gives a burning profile and the corresponding
peaking temperature was correlated with the amount of fixed carbon or ash content and
volatile matter. Straight line relationship was not obtained between the amount of fixed
carbon and peaking temperature and the exact correlation is under progress.
The amount of fixed carbon, volatile matter, ash content calculated using
proximate anlysis and thermal analysis are found to be very nearly the same.
Differential thermal analysis showed two exotherm maxima located around 340
and 450oC which are corresponding to the burning of volatile matter and fixed carbon.
Coal samples were subjected to find out the energy of activation and calculated
the energy of activation.
III. BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERS : (From Jan.2001 – date)
Successful in the preparation of films of Cellulose esters such as cellulosesuccinate, cellulose-benzoate, cellulose-cinnamate and cellulose-C18 hydroxy acid.
Cellulose was esterified with aliphatic dicarboxylic acid (succinic acid), aromatic
acid (benzoic acid), aromatic unsaturated acid (cinnamic acid), aliphatic unsaturated long
chain C18 hydroxy acid using dicyclohexyl carbodiimide (DCC) along with dimethyl
amino pyridine (DMAP) catalyst and combination of DCC, DMAP and dimethyl amino
pyridine - p-toluene sulfonic acid salt as catalyst (DMAP-DPTS).
Cellulose-acetate was blended with poly vinyl alcohol and poly vinyl butyrate
with different ratios and cast in to films.
The cellulose ester films were well characterized by infrared and scanning
electron microscopic techniques. Cellulose ester powders were analyzed using elemental
analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and x-ray diffraction techniques.
4
II. CONDUCTING POLYMERS FOR VARIOUS APPLICATIONS
(From June 1991 – till date)
In
this project, conducting
polyaniline, substituted polyanilines,
copolymers have been prepared by chemical polymerization technique. Different
synthesis procedures are also adopted to prepare the polymers. Polyaniline systems are
also prepared by electrochemical polymerization method.
Successful in preparation of larger quantities of polyaniline powder (2 to 3 Kgs
per batch).
Polymers are well characterized by physical, chemical, electrical, spectral,
thermal and mechanical methods.
APPLICATION
(i) Batteries
Button and cylindrical cells with the following systems have been made using
conducting polyaniline cathode and evaluated for commericialization.
Polyaniline - Lithium, Polyaniline – Magnesium,
Polyaniline – Zinc (Lab studies), Polyaniline-Lead (Lab. Studies)
Battery systems are evaluated by
Charge-discharge studies (constant current and constant voltage method)
Open circuit voltage, short circuit current
Cyclic voltammetry
Open circuit potential – charge, decay studies
Chronopotentiometry
WORK BEING CARRIED OUT
(ii) Electrostatic discharge (ESD) Material


Preparation of polyaniline composite & blends for ESD application by
emulsion & dispersion polymerization method.
Evaluation of ESD material by physical, chemical, electrical, mechanical
and thermal methods.
5
(iii)
Sensor


(iv)
Capacitor application

(v)
Preparation of polyaniline and polypyrrole based film , pellet and coated
material.
Sensor characteristics with NH3, SO2, H2S and NOx gases.
Development of prototype of electrolytic and supercapacitor using
polyaniline and polypyrrole.
Organic light emitting diode

Synthesis and evaluation of polyphenylene and polyfluorenes system for
LED application
(vi Catalyst

Polyaniline salts are used as polymer based solid acid catalyst in organic
transformation such as esterification, condensation, tetrahydropyranylation
etc.
V. KNOWLEDGE GAINED DURING THE RESEARCH WORK
A. FIELD
Synthetic polymer chemistry, Molecular spectroscopy, Electrochemistry, Kinetics,
Catalysis, Sensor, Light emitting diode, capacitor
B. TECHNIQUES
* Operation and Interpretation
Spectral methods
: IR, NMR, UV/V, EPR, ICP, SEM, XRD, ESCA
Thermal methods
: TGA, DTA, TMA, DSC
Electrical methods
: Resistivity, Dielectric constant, Dissipation factor,
Tracking and Arc resistance
Mechanical methods : Hardness, Compression Strength, Impact Strength,
Tensile Strength
Electrochemical
: Potentiostatic, Galvanostatic, Cyclic voltammetry,
6
Corrosion Studies, Cronopotentiometry
Other methods
: ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS, PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL
ANALYSIS
* Writing programs in FORTRAN
C. ISO 9001-2000


Internal auditor for ISO 9001-2000 QMS AUDIT
Acted as polymer specialist under ISO 9001-2000 QMS AUDIT
for various companies (app. 60 times)
D. INTERACTION
Interaction with industry, organization & universities
7
REVIEW
1. A review on electrically conducting polytoluidines published in Organic
Conductive Molecules and Polymers, Vol-2, Chap-13 Published by Johh Wiley &
Sons 1997, Ed. by Hari Singh Nalva, Japan.
2. A review on conducting polyaniline blends and composites :
Synthesis, characterization and application,
Progress in Polymer Science, 23 (1998) 993 - 1018
3. Conjugated polymers as heterogeneous catalyst in organic synthesis
S. Palaniappan, A. John
Current Organic Chemistry 2008, 12(2) 98-117.
BOOK Chapters
1.
A chapter on electrically conducting polytoluidines published in Organic
Conductive Molecules and Polymers, Vol-2, Chap-13 Published by Johh
Wiley & Sons 1997, Ed. by Hari Singh Nalva, Japan.
2. A chapter on “Recent Advances in the Approach of Polyaniline as Electrode
Material for Supercapacitors”, Chapter-6, pp.107-146, 2013 in Trends in
Polyaniline Research, Nova Publication. Eds. Takeo Ohsaka, AL-Nakib
Chowdhury, MD. Amnur Rahman, MD. Mominul Islam.
PUBLISHED ARTICLE
1. Conducting polymers can be very useful in the field of energy
S. Palaniappan and P.R. Krishnamoorthy,
Times of India new paper, 13th September 1994.
2. Conducting polymeric rechargeable batteries,
S. Palaniappan and S. Seetharamu,
Central Power Research Institute News, 52 (1994) 6.
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
Technology transferred on polyaniline material to
(i)
Skytrack Polymers, Coimbatore
(ii)
SG Conducting Polymers
8
PATENT
Sl.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Title
Author
A process for the
preparation of
polyaniline-sulfate
A process for the
preparation of
polyaniline salts
A process for the
preparation of
alkylated dihydroxy
benzene
A process for
preparation of novel
epoxy resin thermoset
material
A process for
preparation of esters
using polyaniline
salts as catalysts
A process for
preparation of
cinnamates using
polyaniline salts as
catalysts
A process for the
preparation of a
polyaniline salt
A process for
preparation of
polyaniline salt using
maleic acid
S. Palaniappan
A process for the
transesteri-fication of
keto esters with
alcohols using
polyaniline salts as
catalysts
Process for preparing
substituted coumarins
S. Palaniappan
R. ChandraShekar
S. Palaniappan
S. Narayanan
S. Palaniappan
K.V. Murthy
S. Palaniappan
S. Palaniappan
M. Sairam
S. Palaniappan
M. Sairam
S. Palaniappan
C.A. Amarnath
S. Palaniappan
C.A. Amarnath
S. Palaniappan
V.J. Rao
C. Saravanan
R. ChandraSekhar
9
11
12
13
Process for the
preparation of
substituted
dihydropyrimidinone
s using polyaniline
salts as catalysts
A process for the
preparation of
polyaniline
dispersion
A process for the
preparation of
polyaniline
S. Palaniappan
V.J. Rao
B. Gangadasu
S. Palaniappan
C.A. Amarnath
S. Palaniappan
S. Ajit