1. Council of State Governments. (2011). Interstate Compact on Educational Opportunity for Military
Children. Retrieved from http://www.mic3.net/
2. Maclean, A & Edwards, R.D. (2010). The pervasive role of rank in the health of U.S. Veterans. Armed
Forces & Society, 36(5): 765-785.
3. DoD (Department of Defense). (2011). Deployment Health Assessments Update, U.S. Armed Forces.
Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center. Retrieved from
http://www.afhsc.mil/viewDH?file=2011/DeploymentHealth201109.pdf
4. Pint, E. M., Richardson, A., Hallmark, B. W., Epstein, S. & Benson, A. L. (2012). Employer Partnership
Program Analysis of Alternatives. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation. Retrieved from
http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR1005.
5. Kapp, L. & Torreon, B. S. (2013). Reserve Component Personnel Issues: Questions and Answers.
Washington, DC: Library of Congress, Congressional Research Service.
6. DoD. (2013). News release: Army Releases December 2012 and Calendar Year 2012 Suicide
Information. Washington, DC: Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Public Affairs), No. 05613. Retrieved from http://www.defense.gov/Releases/Release.aspx?ReleaseID=15797
7. Trofimovich, L., Reger, M.A., Luxton, D.D., Oetjen-Gerdes, L.A. (2013). Suicide risk by military
occupation in the DoD active component population. Suicide and Life Threatening Behavior, Jun:
43(3): 274-278.
8. Gronroos, N.N., Souris, J.M. & Wade, A.L. (2009). Odds of hospitalization among Marine Corps
personnel by military occupational specialty and causative agents during OEF and OIR. Military
Medicine, 174(7): 715-720.
9. Department of the Army. (March, 2009). Combat and operational stress control manual for leaders
and soldiers. Washington, DC: Headquarters Department of the Army. Retrieved from
http://armypubs.army.mil/doctrine/DR_pubs/dr_a/pdf/fm6_22x5.pdf
10. Department of the Navy. (December, 2010). Combat and operational stress control. U.S. Navy 115M and U.S. Marine Corps MCRP 6-111C. Retrieved from https://www.doctrine.usmc.mil/
11. VA (Department of Veterans Affairs). (2013). Public Health: Military Exposures. Accessed on 12
August 2013 from http://www.publichealth.va.gov/exposures/
12. DoD. (2013). Sexual Assault Prevention and Response Office. Accessed on 12 August 2013 from
http://www.sapr.mil.
13. VA. (2011). Military Sexual Trauma. Accessed on 12 August 2013 from
http://www.mentalhealth.va.gov/msthome.asp
14. Maguen, S., Cohen, B., Ren, L., Bosch, J., Kimerling, R., & Seal, K. (2012). Gender differences in
military sexual trauma and mental health diagnoses among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans with
posttraumatic stress disorder. Womens Health Issues, 22(1), 61-66. doi:
10.1016/j.whi.2011.07.010. Epub 2011 Sep 9.
15. Frayne, S.M., Skinner, K.M., Sullivan, L.M., Trip, T.J., Hankin, C.S., Kressin, N.R., Et al (1999). Medical
profile of women Veterans Administration outpatients who report a history of sexual assault
occurring while in the military. Journal of Womens Health and Gender-Based Medicine, 8, 835-845.
16. Kimerling, R., Gima, K., Smith, M. W., Street, A., & Frayne, S. (2007). The Veterans Health
Administration and military sexual trauma. American Journal of Public Health, 97, 2160-2166.
17. Turchik, J.A., & Wilson, S.M. (2010). Sexual assault in the US military: A review of the literature and
recommendations for the future. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 267-277.
18. Kimerling R., Street A.E., Pavao J., Smith, M.W., Cronkite, R.C,. Holmes, T.H., & Frayne, S.M. (2010).
Military-related sexual trauma among Veterans Health Administration patients returning from
Afghanistan and Iraq. American Journal of Public Health; 100(8):1409-1412.
19. Suris, A., Link-Malcolm, J., Chard, K., Ahn, C., & North, C. (2013). A randomized clinical trial of
cognitive processing therapy for veterans with PTSD related to military sexual trauma. Journal of
Traumatic Stress, 26(1): 28-37. doi: 10.1002/jts.21765.
20. DoD. (2010). The impacts of deployment of deployed members of the armed forces on their
dependent children. Report to the Senate and House committees on Armed Services. Washington,
DC, Department of Defense. Retrieved from
http://www.militaryonesource.mil/12038/MOS/Reports/Report_to_Congress_on_Impact_of_Depl
oyment_on_Military_Children.pdf
21. DoD. 2009. Profile of service members ever deployed. Defense Manpower Data Center.
22. CBO (Congressional Budget Office). 2005. The Effects of Reserve Call-Ups on Civilian Employers.
Washington, DC: The Congress of the United States, Congressional Budget
Office.http://www.cbo.gov/ftpdocs/63xx/doc6351/05-11-Reserves.pdf (accessed 10 August 2013).
23. Davis, L. E., J. M. Polich, W. M. Hix, M. D. Greenberg, S. D. Brady, and R. E. Sortor. (2005). Stretched
Thin: Army Forces for Sustained Operations. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation.
http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/2005/RAND_MG362.sum.pdf (accessed 10 August 2013).
24. Jacobs, T. O. (2000). American Military Culture in the Twenty-First Century: A Report of the CSIS
International Security Program. Washington, DC: Center for Strategic and International Studies.
25. CBO. 2007. CBO Testimony: Statement of J. Michael Gilmore, Assistant Director for National Security,
on Issues That Affect the Readiness of the Army National Guard and Army Reserve before the
Commission on the National Guard and Reserves, May 16, 2007.
http://www.cbo.gov/sites/default/files/cbofiles/ftpdocs/81xx/doc8111/05-16-nationalguard.pdf
(accessed 13 August 2013).
26. Bartone, P.T. (2012). Social and organizational influences on psychological hardiness: How leaders
can increase stress resilience Security Informatics 2012, 1:21.
27. Castro, C. & Hoge, C (2006). WRAIR Land Combat Study Team - 10 Tough Facts About Combat for
Leaders. Washington, DC, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR) U.S. Army Medical
Research and Materiel Command.
http://www.armyg1.army.mil/dcs/docs/10%20Leaders%20Tough%20Facts%20About%20Combat%
20Brief%205%20SEP%2006.pdf (Accessed on 8 August 2013).
28. MHAT V (Mental Health Advisory Team V). (2008). Joint mental health advisory team 5 (J-MHAT 5)
Operation Iraqi Freedom 06-08. Washington, DC: Office of the Surgeon General U.S. Army Medical
Command.
29. Pew Research Center. (2011). War and sacrifice in the post-9/11 era: The military-civilian gap.
Washington, DC: Pew Research Center. Retrieved from
http://www.pewsocialtrends.org/files/2011/10/veterans-report.pdf (accessed on 6 August 2013).
30. MHAT VII (Mental Health Advisory Team VII). (2011). Joint mental health advisory team 7 (J-MHAT
7) Operation Enduring Freedom 2010. Washington, DC: Office of the Surgeon General U.S. Army
Medical Command.
31. GAO. (2013). Military Personnel: DoD has taken steps to meet the health needs of deployed
servicewomen, but actions are needed to enhance care for sexual assault victims. GAO-13-182.
Washington, DC: GAO. Retrieved from http://www.gao.gov/assets/660/651624.pdf.
32. VA. (2013). Analysis of VA Health Care Utilization among Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF),
Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF), and Operation New Dawn (OND) Veterans Cumulative from 1st Qtr
FY 2002 through 1st Qtr FY 2013 (October 1, 2001 – December 31, 2012 2). Washington DC:
Epidemiology Program Post-Deployment Health Group Office of Public Health Veterans Health
Administration Department of Veterans Affairs. Retrieved from
http://www.publichealth.va.gov/epidemiology.
33. Smith, T.C., Ryan, M.A., Wingard, D.L., Slymen, D.J., Sallis, J.F., Kritz-Silverstein, D & Millennium
Cohort Study Team. (2008). New onset and persistent symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder
self-reported after deployment and combat exposures: Prospective population based US military
cohort study. British Medical Journal, 336(7640), 366-371. doi: 10.1136/bmj.39430.638241.AE.
34. Kulka, R. A., Schlenger, W. E., Fairbank, J. A., Hough, R. L., Jordan, B. K., Marmar, C. R., Weiss, D. S.
(1988). Contractual Report of Findings from the National Vietnam Veterans' Readjustment Study:
Volumes 1-4. North Carolina: Research Triangle Institute.
35. MacGregor, A. J., Hon, P. P., Dougherty, A. L., & Galameau, M. R. (2012). Effect of Dwell Time on the
mental health of US military personnel with combat tours. American Journal of Public Health, 102,
S55‐S59.
36. Rajeev, R., Schell, T.L., Karney, B.R., Osilla, K.C., Burns, R.M., & Caldarone, L.B. (2010). Disparate
prevalence estimates of PTSD among service members who served in Iraq and Afghanistan:
Possible explanations. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 23(1) 59-68. doi: 10.1002/jts.20486.
37. IOM (2012). Treatment for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in military and veteran populations: Initial
assessment. Washington, DC. National Academies Press.
38. Bagalman, E. (2013). Mental disorders among OEF/OIF veterans using VA health care: Facts and
figures. Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service, 7-5700. Retrieved from
http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R41921.pdf.
39. CBO. (February 2012). The Veterans Health Administration’s Treatment of PTSD and Traumatic
Brain Injury Among Recent Combat Veterans. Washington, DC: Congressional Budget Office.
40. Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center. (2013). DoD Worldwide Numbers for TBI.
http://www.dvbic.org/dod-worldwide-numbers-tbi.
41. Golding, H., Bass, E., Percy, A., & Goldberg, M. (2009). Understanding recent estimates of PTSD and
TBI from Operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and
Development, 46(5), vii-xiii.
42. Zeitzer, M.B., and Brooks, J.M. (2008). IN the line of fire: Traumatic brain injury among Iraq War
veterans. American Association of Occupational Health Nurses, 56(8): 347-353.
43. IOM. (2009). Gulf War and Health Volume 7: Long-term consequences of traumatic brain injury.
Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
44. Hoge, C. W., Terhakopian, C. A., Castro, S. C., Messer, & Engel, C.C. (2007). Association of
posttraumatic stress disorder with somatic symptoms, health care visits, and absenteeism among
Iraq War veterans. American Journal of Psychiatry 164(1):150-153.
45. Kolkow, T.T., Spira, J.L. Morse, J.S., & Grieger, T.A. (2007). Post-traumatic stress disorder and
depression in health care providers returning from deployment to Iraq and Afghanistan. Military
Medicine 172(5):451-455.
46. US Army Surgeon General. (2005). Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) Mental Health Advisory Team
(MHAT-II) Report. Washington, DC: Department of the Army.
47. Lapierre, C. B., Schwegler, A. E., & LaBauve. B.J. (2007). Posttraumatic stress and depression
symptoms in soldiers returning from combat operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. Journal of
Traumatic Stress 20(6):933-943.
48. Tanielian, T., and Jaycox, L. H. (2008). Invisible Wounds of War: Psychological and Cognitive Injuries,
Their Consequences, and Services to Assist Recovery. Arlington, VA: RAND Corporation.
49. Thomas JL, Wilk JE, Riviere LA, McGurk D, Castro CA, Hoge CW (2010). Prevalence of mental health
problems and functional impairment among active component and national guard soldiers 3 and 12
months following combat in Iraq. Archives of General Psychiatry, 67, 614-623.
50. Wells, T.S., Leard-Mann, C.A., Fortuna, S.O., Smith, B., Smith, T.C., Ryan, M.A., Boyko, E.J., Blazer, D.
(2010). A Prospective Study of Depression Following Combat Deployment in Support of the Wars in
Iraq and Afghanistan. Am J Public Health. 100(1): 90–99.
51. Wilk JE, Bliese PD, Kim PY, Thomas JL, McGurk D, Hoge CW. (2010). Relationship of combat
experiences to alcohol misuse among U.S. soldiers returning from the Iraq war. Drug Alcohol
Depend. Apr 1;108(1-2):115-21.
52. Burnett-Ziegler, I., Ilgen, M. Valenstein, M., Zivin, K., Gorman, L., Blow, A., Duffy, S., & Chermack, S.
(2011). Prevalence and correlates of alcohol misuse among returning Afghanistan and Iraq
veterans. Addictive Behaviors, 36, 801-6. Doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.12/032
53. Thomas JL, Wilk JE, Riviere LA, McGurk D, Castro CA, Hoge CW (2010). Prevalence of mental health
problems and functional impairment among active component and national guard soldiers 3 and 12
months following combat in Iraq. Archives of General Psychiatry, 67, 614-623.
54. RTI International. (2009). Department of Defense survey of health related behaviors among active
duty military personnel, 2008. Triangle Park , NC, RTI, International. Retrieved from
http://www.tricare.mil/tma/2008HealthBehaviors.pdf.
55. DoD. (2012). Status of drug use in the Department of Defense personnel: Fiscal year 2011 Drug
testing statistical report. Washington, DC, Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel
and Readiness. Retrieved from
http://prhome.defense.gov/RFM/READINESS/DDRP/docs/6b%20FY%202011%20Annual%20Drug%
20Use%20Status%20Report.pdf.
56. Seelig AD, Jacobson IG, Smith B, Hooper TI, Boyko EJ, Gackstetter GD, Gehrman PR, Macera CA,
Smith TC, for the Millennium Cohort Study Team. (2010). Sleep patterns before, during, and after
deployment to Iraq and Afghanistan. Sleep, 33(12):1615-22.
57. Nelson, T. J., T. Clark, E. T. Stedje-Larsen, C. T. Lewis, J. M. Grueskin, E. L. Echols, D. B. Wall, E. A.
Felger, and H. R. Bohman. (2008). Close proximity blast injury patterns from improvised explosive
devices in Iraq: A report of 18 cases. Journal of Trauma, 65(1):212-217.
58. CRS (Congressional Research Service). (2009). United States Military Casualty Statistics: Operation
Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom. Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service.
Retrieved from http://fas.org/sgp/crs/natsec/RS22452.pdf (accessed 27 July 2013).
59. Ketz, A. K. (2008). Pain management in the traumatic amputee. Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North
America 20(1):51-57.
60. Ebrahimzadeh, M. H., &Hariri, S. (2009). Long-term outcomes of unilateral transtibial amputations.
Military Medicine 174(6):593-597.
61. Ritenour, A. E., A. Wickley, J. S. Ritenour, B. R. Kriete, L. H. Blackbourne, J. B. Holcomb, and C. E.
Wade. (2008). Tympanic membrane perforation and hearing loss from blast overpressure in
Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom wounded. Journal of Trauma 64(2
Suppl):S174-S178.
62. Lew, H. L., J. F. Jerger, S. B. Guillory, and J. A. Henry. (2007). Auditory dysfunction in traumatic brain
injury. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development 44(7):921-928.
63. Weichel, E. D., M. H. Colyer, C. Bautista, K. S. Bower, and L. M. French. (2009). Traumatic brain injury
associated with combat ocular trauma. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation 24(1):41-50.
64. Brahm, K. D., H. M. Wilgenburg, J. Kirby, S. Ingalla, C. Y. Chang, and G. L. Goodrich. (2009). Visual
impairment and dysfunction in combat-injured service members with traumatic brain injury.
Optometry and Vision Science 86(7):817-825.
65. Otis, J. D., T. M. Keane, R. D. Kerns, C. Monson, and E. Scioli. (2009). The development of an
integrated treatment for veterans with comorbid chronic pain and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Pain Medicine, 10(7):1300-1311.
66. Gironda, R. J., M. E. Clark, J. P. Massengale, & R. L. Walker. (2006). Pain among veterans of
Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom. Pain Medicine, 7(4):339-343.
67. Helmer, D. A., H. K. Chandler, K. S. Quigley, M. Blatt, R. Teichman, and G. Lange. (2009). Chronic
widespread pain, mental health, and physical role function in OEF/OIF veterans. Pain Medicine,
10(7):1174-1182.
68. DoD. (2011). Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Instruction: Chairman’s total force fitness
framework. CJCSI 3405.01. Washington, DC: Department of Defense.
69. U.S. Army. (2013). Comprehensive Soldier & Family Fitness. Retrieved 12 August 2013 from
http://csf2.army.mil/.
70. U.S. Air Force. (2013). Comprehensive Airman Fitness. Retrieved 13 August 2013 from
http://www.mcconnell.af.mil/library/comprehensiveairmanfitnessprogram/index.asp.
71. U.S. Navy (2013). Naval Center Combat & Operational Stress Control. Retrieved 12 August 2013
from http://www.med.navy.mil/sites/nmcsd/nccosc/Pages/welcome.aspx.