Science 8 Unit 1 Pack:
Name__________________
Section 1.1: Observing Living Things
 Living things have characteristics that help them survive in their environment
 Small organisms can observed with the help of microscopes
Words to Know
____ compound light microscope
Definition
A. produces realistic three-dimensional
images using an electron beam
B. this device uses two lenses to
magnify an image
____ resolving power
C. obtained by multiplying the
magnifications of the objective and
eyepiece lenses
D. the ability to distinguish between dots
or objects that are very close
together
____ magnification power
What are the
characteristics of
living things? Include
examples for each.
E. image produced by a scanning
electron microscope
1.
4.
2.
5.
3.
Explain how an
animal might show
each of the 5
characteristics of
living things. Give an
example for each.
1.
4.
2.
Explain how a plant
might show each of
the 5 characteristics
of living things. Give
an example.
3.
5.
1.
4.
2.
3.
5.
Name the parts of a
compound light
microscope. Give
their function, too.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Using a math
equation, show how
you would calculate
different
magnifications of a
compound light
microscope.
1. Low=
2. Medium=
3. High=
Name________________
_
Label the following
parts of a
compound light
microscope.
CALCULATING MAGNIFICATION
A magnifying lens that magnifies the size of an image by 10 times has a
magnification of 10.
A compound microscope uses two lenses to create higher magnifications.
To calculate the total magnification of a compound microscope, multiply the magnification of the
eyepiece by the magnification of the objective lens.
1. What is the magnification of a microscope with two lenses that each enlarges an image by 10?
______________________________________________________________________________
2. An eyepiece on a microscope has a magnification of 10. The objective lenses on the microscope
have magnifications of 4 at low power, 10 at medium power, and 40 at
high power.
(a) Using the information how would you combine lenses on a microscope if you wanted to magnify
an object 40?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
(b) How would you combine lenses if you wanted to magnify an object 100?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
(c) How would you combine lenses if you wanted to magnify an object 400?
___________________________________________________________________________
3. If a compound microscope has an eyepiece of 15 magnification and you select an objective lens
with a power of 40, what is the total magnification of the object?
______________________________________________________________________________
4. Fill in the blanks within the brackets to express total magnification as a word equation. Total
magnification = (___________)  (___________)
Section 1.2: Cells
Pages ________
 Cell theory states that the cell is the basic unit of life.
 Each cell structure and organelle carries out a specific task to help support the life
functions of a cell.
 Cells are divided into two groups, prokaryotic and eukaryotic
Cell Organelles
Name
vacuole
organelle
bacteria
cell
membrane
nucleus
cytoplasm
mitochondria
What are three
differences
between viruses
and bacteria?
Structure
(Description/Location)
Function
(What it Does)
What are the main
differences between
plant and animal
cells?
1.
2.
3.
What are the main
parts of Cell Theory?
Describe an example
for each.
1.
2.
3.
This is a(n) ___________ cell.
This is a(n) ___________ cell.
Section 1.3: Diffusion, Osmosis, and the Cell Membrane
Pages ________
 Diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration
 Selectively permeable membranes control the movement of particles into and out
of cells
 Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
Words to Know
Definition
____ concentration
A. movement of water particles
through a selectively
permeable membrane
____ selectively permeable membrane
B. the amount of substance in a
given space
____ osmosis
C. particles move from an area of
higher concentration to an area
of lower concentration
____ diffusion
D. allows some materials to pass
but keeps other materials out
Describe how
particles move due to
diffusion.
1.
Describe how
selectively permeable 1.
membranes can
control the movement
of particles. Include a
drawing.
Give three examples
of osmosis involving
the movement of
water into and out of
cells. Use labeled
diagrams to help you.
1.

2.
Hint:





3.