Biology
Unit 8
Textbook
Read Chapter 13 Sections 1-3
Define the following Terms
Selective Breeding:
Hybridization:
Inbreeding:
Genetic Engineering:
Restriction Enzyme:
Gel Electrophoresis:
Recombinant DNA:
Polymerase Chain Reaction:
Plasmid:
Genetic Marker:
Name __________________________
Date ________________ Period _____
Use the following terms below:
Mutations, generation, organisms, selective breeding, genetic variation, traits, and genetic variability.
In the process of ________________________, animals are bred to produce desired _____________________
in the next ____________________ of ________________________, such as dogs and horses. Breeders can
increase the _______________________ in a population by inducing ____________________, which are the
source of _____________________.
Questions:
1. A cross between dissimilar individuals to bring together their best characteristics is called
a. Genetic engineering
c. Inbreeding
b. Hybridization
d. Sequencing
2. Varieties of purebred dogs are maintained by
a. Selective Breeding
b. Inbreeding
c. Hybridization
d. Genetic engineering
3. When cell transformation is successful, the recombinant DNA
a. Undergoes mutation
b. Is treated with antibiotics
c. Is integrated into a chromosome
d. Becomes a nucleus
4. Bacteria often contain small circular molecules of DNA known as
a. Clones
c. Plasmids
b. Restriction enzymes
d. Hybrids
5. Changing the DNA of an organism is called
a. Genetic engineering
b. Hybridization
c. Inbreeding
d. Sequencing
6. DNA can be cut into shorter sequences by proteins known as
a. Restriction enzymes
b. Plasmids
c. Mutagens
d. Clones
7. Describe the process of DNA extraction.
8. What is the function of a restriction enzyme?
9. For what purpose is gel electrophoresis used?
10. Describe how you could make yeast cells that make human growth hormone.
11. How might a plasmid be used to alter the characteristics of an organism?
12.
In _________________, only animals with desired characteristics are allowed to produce the next
generation.
13.
Crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together the best of both organisms is called
_________________.
14.
The continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics is called
________________________.
15.
Biologists change the DNA code of a living organism through _____________________.
16.
A(An) _______________________ cuts DNA at a specific sequence of nucleotides.
17.
DNA fragments can be separated by _________________________.
18.
DNA molecules that are produced by combining DNA from different sources are called
_______________________.
19.
A technique known as _______________________ is used to make many copies of a single gene.
20.
Inside some bacteria is a small circular piece of DNA called a(an) _________________.
21.
A gene for antibiotic resistance may be used as a (an) _________________________, making it
possible to identify a transformed cell.