Structural Properties of
Indium Substituted Ni-Zn Ferrite
P. Paul Divakar1, Ch .J. N. Pavan Kumar2
1
Department of Physics, Sir C. R. Reddy (A) College, Eluru-534007, India
Department of Physics, P.G. Courses, Sir C. R. Reddy College, Eluru-534007, India
e-mail: putla_paul@yahoo.co.in, Tel.: +91-9985050696
2
Abstract
Among core materials, ferrite core is the best one
because of its highly useful magnetic and electrical properties.
Ni-Zn goes up to 100 MHz as core in various electrical and
electronic appliances. Beyond this frequency this material is
not suitable. Magnetic core is a key component in electromagnetic devices. The requirements are high magnetic
permeability, high saturation magnetization and high
resistivity. The Function of the material: increases the
inductance of the coil, the effect of magnetic fields,
concentrates the magnetic flux, provides a better path for
magnetic flux, increases the coupling between the circuits
and transfers the energy efficiently.
Calculation of the Theoretical Lattice Constant:
From the proposed distribution theoretical lattice constant for
the entire series of the samples has been calculated using the
following relations.
ath 
8 
 rA  Ro  
3 3
3  rB  Ro  

The Nickel-Zinc ferrite has the properties: Moderate
initial permeabilities (10 - 2200), Moderate Saturation
Magnetization, high volume resistivity. This is used for power
transformers, power inductors and power applications. It is
preferred for high frequency applications up to 100 MHz.
Basing on the discussion, the composition selected
for study is Ni0.65Zn0.35Fe2-xInxO4.
The Lattice constant was studied on the basis of the
X-ray diffraction patterns of the Ni0.65Zn0.35InxFe2-xO4 samples
where x varies from 0.00 – 0.40 in steps of 0.08. X-ray
diffraction patterns of all the samples showed single phase
spinel structure. Three strong additional peaks having d values
(2.882, 2.491 and 1.516) were identified in samples for which
x = 0.12, 0.16 and 0.20.
An increase in lattice constant is expected in indium
series of samples as the ionic radius of indium (0.81 Ao) is
bigger than that of ionic radius of iron ion (0.65 Ao). The
observed increase in lattice constant up to x = 0.16 suggests
that indium is entering into lattice sites in the spinel lattice. In
general, it has been reported that entry of indium into lattice
sites increases the lattice constant throughout the series. The
observed slight deviation in lattice constant may be attributed
to the unidentified second phase. With increasing indium
concentration gradually the intensity of the unidentified peaks
increases hence it can be concluded that the unidentified phase
must be associated with indium oxide as an impurity.
Figure shows the deviation of the theoretical lattice constant
from experimentally obtained lattice constant through X-ray
diffraction measurements. The observed deviation in the
experimental and theoretical lattice constant may also be
attributed to unknown additional phase.
Acknowledgment
The authors are thankful to Prof. K. H. Rao, (Rtd.
Faculty) of Andhra University for giving suitable suggestions
in preparing the samples and for other relevant discussion.
References
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