7.
Control measures and emergency response
a)
Give details of any written guidelines, including emergency response plans, available to the
Veterinary Services for dealing with suspected or confirmed outbreaks of FMD.
The written guidelines procedures available to the in Veterinary Services for dealing with suspected
or confirmed outbreaks of FMD are listed as below:
i)
Malaysian Veterinary Protocol (PVM) Foot and Mouth Disease
Malaysian Veterinary Protocol(PVM) Foot and Mouth Disease Protokol Veterinar Malaysia:
Penyakit Kuku dan Mulut (PVM: FMD) is an official protocol that is being used and referred
by all the veterinary officers in dealing with suspected or confirmed outbreaks of FMD. The
protocol describes the important disease control strategies measures such as import control,
quarantine management, control of movement, transfer and slaughter, disinfection, disease
index management, disease surveillance, vaccination, preparedness, destruction, public
awareness.
Details appeared in PVM FMD (Annex XX)
ii)
APTVM Disease Investigation and Epidemiological Study
APTVM Disease Investigation and Epidemiological Study is an official document which
consists of guideline and standard operating procedures for disease investigation,
epidemiological survey and the roles of Early Warning Team and Rapid Action Team.
Disease Investigation will be conducted if there is suspected case of any Notifiable Disease
occurrence. Epidemiological Survey is conducted to get the overall picture of Notifiable
Disease, emerging and re-emerging, zoonotic and transboundary diseases in Malaysia.
iii)
APTVM Crisis Management
The Disease Crisis Management APVTM describes the flow of communication and
coordination of directives/policies at the national, state and district level to ensure a rapid
response in any disease outbreak or crisis. The flow of Disease Outbreak Emergency Response
as shown in figure XX:
Pecahkan kpd 2:
1) Direction flow involve 3 levels
2) Reporting flow
Figure XX: Flow chart of Disease Outbreak Emergency Response
Please refer to annex:….( APTVM Crisis Management)
Please refer to annex:….( APTVM FMD)
iv)
APTVM Disease Index Management
The Disease Index Management APTVM is disease management reporting system based on
colour coding to ensure efficient disease control and eradication. The flow of disease control
management describe as below:
Figure XX: Colour Coded Disease Index Management
1.
Upon receiving a complaint or report from any source of a case of disease occurrence, Veterinary
Services Officer shall report to the Head of the State Veterinary Health.
2.
Head of the State Veterinary Health shall direct and / or conduct disease investigation and
confirmation. Investigation and confirmation procedures shall follow the related Malaysian
Veterinary Document Register Standard Operating Procedure (APTVM) and Malaysian Veterinary
Protocol (PVM).
3.
After the cases of FMD confirmed, the Head of the State Veterinary Health shall;




Report to the Director of the State Veterinary Service
Implement control measures
Report to ADIC (Epis01 & Epis06)
Conduct serological surveillance toward Recovery and Freedom Index (IP)
Please refer to annex:….( APTVM Disease Index Management)
Perlu dalam bentuk description of actions based on color coding, bkn point form
a) Advise whether quarantine is imposed on premises with suspicious cases, pending final diagnosis
and any other procedures followed in respect of suspicious cases.
Quarantine is imposed on premises with suspicious cases based on Diseased Animal Quarantine
APTVM. This APTVM is a guideline with regards to the process and management diseased animal
quarantine with the purpose of disease prevention, control and eradication. The flow of Diseased
Animal Quarantine is shown in figure XX:
Perlu masukkan pelaksanaan tindakan undang2 di bawah animal act
Figure XX: Disease Animal Quarantine Workflow.
(Please Refer to APTVM: Animal Disease Quarantine. Annex: XX)
c)
In the event of an FMD outbreak:
i)
provide a detailed description of procedures that are followed in case of an outbreak including
forward and backward tracing;
For detailed description of procedures that are followed in case of an outbreak, please refer to
answer 7.a.i & 7.a.iii. Furthermore, the APTVM of Identification and Traceability of Animal,
Animal Product and Premises describes the identification procedure of animal, animal product and
premises for the purpose of traceability during disease outbreak. In the event of an outbreak:
i. Backward and forward tracing
1.
In case of an outbreak, the source of infection or animal originality can be trace through
e-permit2 interstate system and e-permit2 interdistrict system in which providing the
permit for the animal to be transfer or move.
2.
The animal that being moved must have identification number (id) that should be
uploaded in the system and that number will be reference in case of an outbreak.
3.
To move the animal from one state/district to another, the premises in between have to
registered in the system by providing all the info including the location of the premise,
the animal (species, id, etc.) and the logistic.
4.
Before the animals are being transfer to the other premise stated in the permit, the
veterinary officer in-charge must do the physical inspection thoroughly to the animal, if
the animals are suspected to have the disease; the permit then should be suspended.
5.
The animals that being received should be confirmed by the officer in-charge through epermit 2 system. In case of disease animal is being transferred, the officer should notify
the ADIC (Animal Disease Information System) for control and/or eradication
programme.
6.
In the epermit system itself, the user will be notified the outbreak therefore stop the
animal movement in and out the infected zone area.
Perlukan kesinambungan penceritaan
ii)
indicate the sampling and testing procedures used to identify and confirm presence of the
causative agent;
The type of samples used to identify and confirm the presences of causative agent are
mucosal epithelial tissue, vesicular fluid and swabs of ulcerated lesion from infected animals
with clinical lesion. All samples will be placed in transport media before sent to the
laboratory and tested using ELISA FMD Viral Typing and Nucleid Acid Detection (PCR).
For detail information on testing procedures used to identify and confirm presence of the
causative agent, please refer to the answers for question 5.b.v
Semua perlukan description (paragraph)
i)
describe the actions taken to control the disease situation in and around any holdings found to be
infected with FMD;
a) Control of infected area/zone
The infected area is within 1 km radius from the infected premise. The control measures are
listed as below:
i-
Restricted movement
ii-
Disease quarantine
iii-
Treatment of sick animal
iv-
Disinfection
v-
Awareness to the farmer
b) Control of surrounding the infected area
The area is within 2 to 10 km radius from the infected area. The control measures are listed as
below:
i-
Clinical surveillance - any clinical/suspected animal should be reported and control immediately
(within 24hours)
ii- Vaccination – animal will be vaccinated if there is no clinical symptom.
iii- Random Epidemiological survey
iv- Awareness campaign - The owner will be literally advised to promote awareness.
For further descriptions on FMD control, please refer to the answers for question Number 3 c
ii)
indicate the control or eradication procedures, such as vaccination, stamping-out policy, partial slaughter or
vaccination, movement control, control of wildlife, pastured livestock and livestock as pets, control of
the livestock waste, campaign to promote awareness of farmers, etc. that would be taken;
Please refer to FMD PVM PART III: Action Guidelines (Page 17-31)
iii)
describe the procedures used to confirm that an outbreak has been successfully controlled or
eradicated, including any restrictions on restocking;
FMD outbreak has been successfully controlled or eradicated when ;
1) no new FMD cases detected within the infected zone by clinical surveillance
2) screening using NSP test on herd found to be negative twice consecutively 6 month interval after the
last clinical case
3) Movement of animal for slaughtering purpose only and into the zone with the same FMD status.
vi) give details of any compensation payments made available to farmers, etc. when animals are
slaughtered for disease control or eradication purposes and their prescribed timetable.
Compensation will be given to :
a) Clinically positive animal for FMD in Recovery Zone
b) Clinically and serologically positive animal in Free Zone