Samwel Poghosyan’s “Ten discoveries of the Armon theory” I. If to say it in a few words, the Armon theory has discovered the primordial matter, the very matter which the great thinkers of mankind have tried to discover throughout the last six thousand years. All the material formations which are known to the contemporary science are considered as free physical systems from the point of view of Physics, i.e. they comprise a type, the type of free physical systems. It is the common, more or less known matter. And the primordial matter is, firstly, everything from which the known material diversity is made, secondly it is everything due to which this material diversity exists and thirdly it is everything in which the material diversity exists. More exactly, if free physical systems have inert mass, unfree physical systems do not have inert mass: they are always “constrained”, “frozen” (of course, it does not mean that they are outside of overall connection and interaction) and are not able to move freely in space as free physical systems do. Unfree physical systems are of three types: a) Ultimate, extreme elements. These are gravitons and anti-gravitons. They are ultimate, extreme elements or as an ancient philosopher would say “indivisible atoms” from which the whole material diversity is formed. More exactly, the latter is formed from gravitons, but without anti-gravitons nothing would exist. These ultimate elements do not have structure, constituent parts or elements of “lower” organizational levels. At least, they can be composed of one graviton and one antigraviton. b) Armons or ultimate, extreme systems. They are such unfree physical systems which cannot function as constituent elements for systems of “higher” organizational levels. But it does not mean that Armons do not interact, i.e. it does not mean that Armons do not function as constituent elements at all. Such local, finite physical systems which are outwardly outside of the overall connection and interaction do not exist and cannot exist in nature. Consequently, Armons consist of Armons, i.e. every Armon as an element is a constituent part of another Armon. Thus the Eternal Universe or Metauniverse is immediately made up of Armons. c) The third type of unfree physical systems comprises Pseudoarmons which are an intermediate type between ultimate elements and Armons. On the one hand they are similar to Armons, have a complex inner structure, on the other hand they are similar to ultimate elements: 1) They function as a gravitation charge for Armons; 2) They function as constituent elements. II. The discovery of the flat space (inertia) and its physical explanation. It is a result of the unity, superposition of two opposite components: one of the components of the flat space is the positive gravitational mass and the other is the negative gravitational mass. The positive component is the primary carcass of black holes while the negative component is the socalled dark energy. These components are the physical causes of gravitation and antigravitation or the positive curvature and negative curvature of space respectively. The unity or superposition of these two fields generates the flat space of the universe. The flat space is always dominant in the universe both at the beginning, during and at the end of the cosmological evolution. This is why our theory can be called “United theory of gravitation and anti-gravitation”. This theory is the logical and historical development of Einstein’s gravitation theory. The theory gives the natural explanation of such issues as inertia, singularity (gravitational collapse), etc. III. The third fundamental discovery concerns the physical explanation of the nature of dark energy. Here we had to cope with a viewpoint generally accepted in Physics, according to which, the existence of matter or its type, which is endowed with negative gravitational mass, is impossible. We prove that formations of matter or physical systems, which are endowed with negative inert mass, cannot exist. But physical systems with negative gravitational mass or negative gravitational charge are sure to exist. Without them not only you and me, our planet Earth, stars, galaxies, black holes, etc. but also the whole matter would not exist. This type of matter manifests itself, displays its existence, effect only at large cosmological scales; it was discovered by astrologists in the end of the 20th century. IV. The fourth discovery of the Armon theory concerns the physical explanation of the cosmological dark matter. It is necessary to distinguish two types of dark matter: 1) cosmological dark matter and 2) metagalactic dark matter. The first one is the positive component of the flat space of our universe, the positive mass which balances dark energy, together producing the flat space. That cosmological dark matter is the carcass (or net) of primary black holes. But the most important here is the thing that our theory discovered a fairly new regime of the emergence and evolution of primary black holes, as well as their influence on the quantum evolution of matter. V. The principles of the General physical theory or GchԱ-theory, as we call it, are defined. The discovery of the main law of the General physical theory, the preservation of the physical system, partially limits, lays down conditions on the development and the final formulation of the theory of Physics. The most important of these conditions is that the law demands getting rid of ambiguity, senseless infinities: characteristics of local physical systems must have finite numerical quantities. VI. One of the most important discoveries of the Armon theory is the Armon number, called so by us. It is the Ա-Armon constant and n-Armon variable. The Armon number is a dimensionless quantity. It plays a significant role in theory. The relationships of the physical parameters of our Universe and Metagalaxy, Universe and primary black holes, characteristic elementary particles are expressed with this number and the combinations of the Armon constant and Armon variable. For many decades physics have cudgeled their brains in order to discover the secrete of the numerical coincidences describing the phenomena of megaworld and microworld. Many guessed that some laws and regularities, tying the Universe and its components, underlay these coincidences. We have discovered not only the Armon number but also the corresponding laws of nature. The formulae, discovered by us, make it possible to reveal the global physical properties of our Universe through certain (established by experiment) properties of elementary particles. And indeed, as Anaxagoras said, everything is connected with everything. VII. My theory discovers the immediate physical cause of the accelerated expansion of our Metagalaxy. Special attention is paid to the differentiation of such concepts as Universe and Metagalaxy. Figuratively said, our Universe is like a hen egg, and our Metagalaxy is its yolk. The egg-white seems to be the flat space which occupies the whole volume of the universe. And Metagalaxy emerges and evolves in the medium of the flat space. The average density and pressure of the whole universe is exactly zero while the average density and pressure of our Metagalaxy is much higher than zero. The fall of these pressures results in the emergence of the so-called hydrodynamic power which is the immediate physical cause of the accelerated expansion of our Metagalaxy. Thus though dark energy is not the immediate physical cause of the accelerated expansion of our Metagalaxy, all the same, eventually, dark energy is the important, necessary component of the flat space. That is to say without dark energy neither the Metagalaxy, nor the carcass of the primary black holes would exist. VIII. As we have already mentioned, besides cosmological dark energy there is also metagalactic dark energy. If the first one is connected with the emergence and evolution of the net of primary black holes, the second one consists of the so-called D bodies (V. Hambardzumyan called so super-dense astrophysical bodies which, according to him, are protogalaxies and protostars). The Armon theory does not accept the existence of absolute black holes and absolute collapses. In my theory primary black holes and D bodies are relative black holes. The flat space and particularly dark energy make, force these bodies evolve, i.e. enlarge their mass by uniting and in this way through expansion reduce the average density of their mass. D bodies are quite different from primary black holes both in their form, structure, and the regime of (development) evolution. The main phases of the quantum evolution of matter occur in D bodies during the corresponding phases of development of these bodies: Breakdown of the symmetry of the great union Breakdown of the symmetry of the electroweak union Quark-hardonic phase transition Processes of nuclear synthesis Process of recombination and separation of relic radiation, etc. All this takes places in D bodies, at different phases of their development. IX. The latter is one of the significant, concrete discoveries of the Armon theory. We claim that the process of the recombination and separation of relic radiation took place not in the whole volume of our Universe, as many specialists claim, but in local physical systems, in D bodies. The latter, by increasing their mass to its maximal size, keep on expanding, trying to reduce the average density of their own mass. During this expansion at the upper levels of D bodies or in thermal atmosphere there takes place the process of recombination. The anisotropy of background or relic radiation can be explained by the very periodicity of the emergence of D bodies. X. One of the most significant discoveries of our theory is the great law of nature. It regulates the changes and changeability of local physical systems. That law consists in the fact that all finite, local physical systems are imperfect, relative and that is why are condemned to changes. Such physical systems are temporary, have beginning and end. But what makes them change, develop, degrade? The media. This situation is typical of our Universe: firstly, the average density of positive mass, the net of primary black holes, and the average density of dark energy are equal to each other as to their absolute value. Secondly, the average density of mass/energies of our Metagalaxy, ultimately expanded D bodies (or superclusters of galaxies), primary black holes and characteristic elementary particles must be equal to one another in their absolute values or they must be equal to the average density of dark energy. This is the law of the physical cause or mechanism of the evolution and overall change. *** It should only be mentioned that there are lots of facts established by numerous observations which contradict the standard cosmological model but find explanation in the frames of my Armon theory or GchԱ-cosmology: a. The so-called “dark flux” discovered through observations is proof of the spiral rotation of our Metagalaxy. b. The discovery of black holes with large masses is explained in my theory through the concept of the emergence and evolution of D bodies. c. The expansion of superclusters of galaxies is an established fact. It confirms the viewpoint of mine, according to which superclusters of galaxies are the immediate constituent parts of our Metagalaxy, and it is their expansion that determines the emergence and evolution of galaxies, stars and clusters of stars and not vice versa. d. The regime and periodicity of the emergence and evolution of proto-superclusters ground and explain the empty space, the so-called “voids”, between them. e. The anisotropy of relic electromagnetic radiation and its near absence in “voids” is explained by the fact that the sources of relic radiation are D bodies.