SUPPLEMENTAL DATA
The Supplemental data contains 9 Tables.
1
Table S1. Selected single species toxicity data set for tropical freshwater SSD analysis for Ametryn.
Taxonomic
group
Algae
Crustacea
(Cladocera)
Fish
Amphibia
Exposed temperature
& chemical gradea
21°C, TG (97.8%)
Exposure duration, endpoint
& toxicity threshold (µg/L)
7 d Growth EC50:
0.9uM (204.6 ug/L)c (chronic)
Reference
[47]
Chronic NOECb
(µg/L)
40.9
Chlorella pyrenoidosa
(algal cells)
25°C, TG (92%)
96 h Growth EC50:
0.3 µg/L (chronic)
[48]
0.06
Scenedesmus obliquus
(algal cells)
25°C, TG (92%)
96 h Growth EC50:
11.7 µg/L (chronic)
[49]
2.34
Scenedesmus quadricauda
(algal cells)
25°C, TG (92%)
96 h Growth EC50:
150 µg/L (chronic)
[50]
30
Raphidocelis subcapitata
(Pseudokirchneriella
subcapitata) (algal cells)
25°C, TG,(92% )
96 h Growth EC50:
11.6 µg/L (chronic)
[51]
2.32
Daphnia magna (< 24 h)
21°C, TG ( ≥96%)
48 h immobilization EC50:
40,000 µg/L (acute)
[52]
4,000
Lepomis macrochirus
24°C, TG (99%)
96 h mortalityLC50:
3,700 µg/L (acute)
[53]
370
Bufo bufo ssp. japonicu
25°C, TG
24 h mortality LC50:
4,400( pH=7), 5,600(pH=8)
Geomean:4,960 µg/L (acute)
[53]
496
Species (age, size)
Chlamydomonas moewusii
(algal cells)
a
Technical grade (TG);Purity is indicated within brackets.
Estimated chronic NOECs from reported LC50/EC50 data based on default acute to chronic ratio of 10 for acute LC50/EC50 and
conversion factor of 5 for chronic EC50.cCalculated from molar mass of ametryn
b
2
Table S2. Selected single species toxicity data set for tropical freshwater SSD analysis for Atrazine.
Taxonomic
group
Green algae
Species (age, size)
Chlamydomonas
reinhardtii (algal cells)
Chlorella vulgaris
(algal cells)
Desmodesmus subspicatus
Pseudokirchneriella
subcapitata (algal cells)
Pseudokirchneriella
subcapitata (algal cells)
Exposed temperature Exposure duration, endpoint
& chemical gradea and toxicity threshold (µg/L)
25°C, TG 92.2%
96 h Growth EC50:
176 µg/L (chronic)
[54]
Chronic NOECb
(µg/L)
35.2
Reference
25°C, TG 92.2%
96 h Growth EC50:
94 µg/L (chronic)
[54]
18.8
23 ±2°C, TG
72 h Growth EC50:
41 µg/L (chronic)
[55]
8.2
25°C, TG
96 h Growth NOEC:
75 µg/L (chronic)
72 h Growth EC50:
130 µg/L (chronic)
72 h Growth NOEC:
62 µg/L (chronic)
[56]
[57]
68.2*
(experimental
NOECs geomean)
24°C, AG
Pediastrum sp. (algal cells)
20°C,TG 99.8%
7 d Growth EC50:
536.6 µg/L (chronic)
[58]
107.3
Scenedesmus quadricauda
(algal cells)
25°C, TG 92.2%
96 h Growth EC50:
169 µg/L (chronic)
[54]
33.8 (lowest EC50
value 169 µg/L)
Scenedesmus quadricauda
(algal cells)
20°C, TG 99.8%
7 d Growth EC50:
171 µg/L (chronic)
[58]
3
Table S2 (continued). Selected single species toxicity data set for tropical freshwater SSD analysis for Atrazine.
Taxonomic
group
Species (age, size)
Reference
Chronic
NOECb
(µg/L)
96 h Growth EC50,
92 µg/L (acute)
96 h Growth EC50,
153 µg/L (acute)
[54]
[56]
5.89(estimated
from EC50
geomean
119 µg/L &
ACR 20.2)
25°C, TG 92.2%
14 d Growth EC50,
22 µg/L (chronic)
[54]
4.4
Najas sp. (10 cm apical
part)
25°C, TG 92.2%
14 d Growth EC50,
24 µg/L (chronic)
[54]
4.8
Myriophyllum
heterophyllum (10 cm
apical part)
25°C, TG 92.2%
14 d Growth EC50,
132 µg/L (chronic)
[54]
26.4
Macrophyte Lemna minor
(Plant with 12 fronds)
Lemna mino
(Plant with 12 fronds)
Ceratophyllum
demersum, (10 cm apical
part)
Exposed temperature Exposure duration, endpoint
& chemical gradea and toxicity threshold (µg/L)
25°C, TG 92.2%
25°C, TG
4
Table S2 (continued). Selected single species toxicity data set for tropical freshwater SSD analysis for Atrazine.
Taxonomic
group
Species (age, size)
Crustacea
(Cladocera)
Ceriodaphnia cf. dubia
(<24 h neonates)
Australian species
Crustacea
(Amphipod)
Crustacea
(Shrimp)
Exposed
Exposure duration, endpoint and
temperature &
toxicity threshold (µg/L)
a
chemical grade
25°C, TG 97%
7 d Reproduction
NOEC 475 µg/L (chronic)
Reference
Chronic NOECb
(µg/L)
[59]
475*
Daphnia carinata,
(<24 h neonates)
Australian species
25°C, TG 99%
48 h Immobilization EC50,
60,600 µg/L (acute)
[60]
3503
(estimated with
ACR 17.3)
Pseudosida ramose
(≤24 h neonates)
tropical species
Pseudosida ramose
(≤24 h neonates)
25°C, TG 99%
48 h Survival LC50,
20,900 µg/L (acute)
[61]
400*
(Experimental
NOEC)
25°C, TG 99%
21 d Reproduction NOEC,
400 µg/L (chronic)
[61]
Hyalella azteca
(young)
Hyalella azteca
(young)
22-23°C, TG
98%
25°C, TG 98%
48 h Survival LC50
13,000 µg/L (acute)
96 h Survival LC50
1,500 µg/L (acute)
[62]
Paratya australiensis
(1-1.5 cm length)
Australian species
23°C, TG 97%
48 h Immobilization EC50,
9,800 µg/L and 9,900 µg/L
for different water (acute )
[64]
Insect
[63]
87
(estimated with
ACR 17.3 on
96 h LC50)
569 (estimated
geomean 9850,
& ACR 17.3)
Chironomus tepperi
24 ± 1°C, TG
10 d survival LC50,
[64]
3,330(estimated
nd
(2 instar larvae)
97%
16,600 µg/L & 16,700 µg/L
from geomean
Australian species
for different water (chronic)
16,650)
Table S2 (continued): Selected single species toxicity data set for tropical freshwater SSD analysis for Atrazine.
5
Taxonomic
group
Rotifer
Species (age, size)
Fish
Cyprinus carpio
(15. 5cm length)
Tropical/subtropical
Brachionus calyciflorus
(< 4 h neonates)
Danio rerio
(larvae)
Melanotenia fluviatilis
(1.5-2 cm)
Australian species
Amphibians Rhinella arenarum
(larvae) South American
toad
Rhinella arenarum
(larvae)
Exposed temperature Exposure duration, endpoint
& chemical gradea and toxicity threshold (µg/L)
25 ± 1°C, TG 98.8%
24 h Survival LC50:
39,000µg/L (acute)
7 d Reproduction NOEC:
80 µg/L (chronic)
Reference
[65]
Chronic NOECb
(µg/L)
80* (observed)
23°C, TG 93.7%
96 h Survival LC50,
18,800 µg/L (acute)
[66]
376 (estimated
from ACR 49.9)
27±1°C, TG 98.4%
35 d Survival NOEC:
300 µg/L (chronic)
[67]
300*
(observed
NOEC)
23°C, TG ≥97%
96 h Imbalance EC50,
10,400 and 8,200 µg/L for
different test media (acute)
[68]
185(estimated
from geomean
9235 & ACR
49.9)
20±2°C, TG 98%
21 d Mortality LC50 2,320
µg/L; 21 d morality
LC10=, 710 µg/L (chronic)
336 h development EC10,
2,500 µg/L (chronic)
[69]
710*
(observed
chronic LC10)
20±2°C, TG 98%
[70]
23°C, TG 98%
37 d mortality, growth,
[71]
25*
Xenopus laevis
metamorphosis NOEC, 25
(observed
(tadpoles) African
µg/L (chronic)
NOEC)
clawed frog
a
Technical grade (TG) or analytical grade (AG);Purity is indicated within brackets.
b
Acute to chronic ratio (ACR) was used to convert Acute LC50/EC50 data (17.3 for crustacean, 49.9 for fish, 20.2 for other taxa) to
chronic NOECs and conversion factor of 5 was used to convert chronic LC50/EC50 data to chronic NECs. Experimentally observed
chronic NOECs/LC10 used for 7 species are indicated with asterisks.
6
Table S3. Selected single species toxicity data set for tropical freshwater SSD analysis for Simazine.
Taxonomic
group
Green algae
Species (age, size)
Chlorella pyrenoidosa
(algal cells)
25°C, TG (92%)
96 h Growth EC50
2,173.8 µg/L (chronic)
[49]
434.8
Scenedesmus obliquus
(algal cells)
20°C, TG (92%)
96 h Growth EC50
257 µg/L (chronic)
[49]
51.4
24°C, AG
72 h Abundance EC50
297 µg/L (chronic)
72 h Abundance EC50
220 µg/L (chronic)
[57]
51.1
25°C, TG
96 h Growth EC50
166 µg/L (acute)
[56]
16.6
25°C. TG (99.6%)
7 d Growth NOEC
300 µg/L (chronic)
[73]
300*
(observed
NOEC)
21°C, TG
24 h Survival LC50
5,600 µg/L (acute)
[53]
560
Lemna minor
(plant with 12 fronds)
Typha latifolia
perennial herb
(individual plants)
Crustacea
[48]
Chronic NOECb
(µg/L)
16.4
Reference
Chlorella vulgaris
(algal cells)
Pseudokirchneriella
subcapitata (algal cells)
Pseudokirchneriella
subcapitata (algal cells)
Macrophyte
Exposed temperature Exposure duration, endpoint
& chemical gradea and toxicity threshold (µg/L)
25°C, TG (92%)
96 h Growth EC50
82 µg/L (chronic)
Palaemonetes kadiakensis
(grass shrimp)
25°C, TG (99%)
Fish
[72]
Pimephales promelas
25°C, TG
96 h Survival LC50
[53]
100
(22.2 cm length)
1,000 µg/L (acute)
a
Technical grade (TG); Purity is indicated within brackets when specified. Analytical grade (AG)
b
Estimated chronic NOECs from reported LC50/EC50 data based on default acute to chronic ratio of 10 for acute LC50/EC50;
conversion factor of 5 for chronic EC50).Experimentally observed chronic NOEC used for 1 species is indicated with an asterisk.
7
Table S4. Selected single species toxicity data set for tropical freshwater SSD analysis for Hexazinone.
Taxonomic
group
Blue green
algae
Species (age, size)
Green algae
Pseudokirchneriella
subcapitata
(algal cells)
Pseudokirchneriella
subcapitata
(algal cells)
24°C, TG (98%)
72 h Growth EC50,
56 µg/L (chronic)
[74]
24±2°C, TG
96 h Abundance EC50
24.5 µg/L (chronic)
[75]
Macrophyte
Lemna minor
25°C, TG (98%)
7 d Growth EC50
72 µg/L (chronic)
[76]
14.4
Crustacea
Daphnia magna (<24 h)
22°C, TG (98%)
48 h survival LC50
152,000 µg/L (acute)
[77]
15,200
Fish
Lepomis macrochirus
22°C, TG
[53]
Lepomis macrochirus
21±1°C, TG (98%)
96 h survival LC50
100,000 µg/L (acute)
24 h survival LC50
425,000 µg/L (acute)
10,000 (longer
duration more
sensitive)
Pimephales promelas
21±1°C, TG (98%)
Anabaena flos-aquae
(algal cells)
Exposed temperature Exposure duration, endpoint
& chemical gradea and toxicity threshold (µg/L)
24 ±2°C,
72 h Growth EC50,
TG (98%)
2,014 µg/L (chronic)
Reference
[74]
[77]
Chronic
NOECb (µg/L)
402.8
7.4 (based on
geomean 37
µg/L)
96 h survival LC50
[77]
27,400
274,000 µg/L (acute)
a
Technical grade (TG);Purity is indicated within brackets when specified.
b
Estimated chronic NOECs from reported LC50/EC50 data based on default acute to chronic ratio of 10 for acute LC50/EC50 and
conversion factor of 5 for chronic EC50).
8
Table S5. Selected single species toxicity data set for tropical freshwater SSD analysis for Diuron.
Taxonomic
group
Green algae
Species (age, size)
Chlamydomonas
reinhardtii
Desmodesmus
subspicatus
Scenedesmus obliquus
Exposed temperature Exposure duration, endpoint
& chemical gradea and toxicity threshold (µg/L)
25°C, TG
24 h growth EC50
0.17 µM (39.6 g/L) (acute)
[78]
Chronic NOECb
(µg/L)
3.96 (estimated)
Reference
23±2°C, TG.
72 h growth EC50
46.3 µg/L (chronic)
[55]
9.26 (estimated)
21°C. TG
24 h growth EC50
10 µg/L (acute)
7 d Growth EC50
28.3 µg/L (chronic)
[79]
1 (estimated)
[80]
5.66 (estimated)
23°C, TG
96 h lethality LC50 8,800
µg/L (acute)
[82]
880 (estimated)
Macrophyte
Lemna minor
Duck weed
Crustacea
(Shrimp)
Paratya australiensis
Australian species
Crustacea
(Amphipod)
Hyalella azteca
(< 11 days)
22 -24°C, TG99.8%
10 d LC50 18,400 µg/L
(acute)
10 d survival, growth
NOEC 7,900 µg/L (acute)
[81]
1,840 (estimated )
Crustacea
(Cladoceran)
Ceriodaphnia dubia
Australian species
(<24 h neonates)
25°C, concentration
measured
48 h immobilization EC50,
1,700 µg/L and 1,000 µg/L
in different waters (acute)
[83]
20°C, TG 99.8%
7 d LC50 7,100 µg/L, 7 d
reproduction, survival
NOEC 4,000 µg/L
(chronic)
[81]
130.4
(estimated 1,304
µg/L EC50
geomean)
4,000*(observed)
Daphnia pulex
(5 days old)
24± 2°C, TG
9
Table S5 (continued). Selected single species toxicity data set for tropical freshwater SSD analysis for Diuron.
Taxonomic
group
Insect
(midge)
Species (age, size)
Fish
Pimephales promelas
(Juvenile, embryo-larvae)
Chironomus tentans
(1st instar larvae, 2 days
old)
Pimephales promelas
(Juvenile, Eggs, embryolarvae-juvenile)
Amphibian
Rana catesbeiana
Bull frog
(tadpoles)
Exposed temperature Exposure duration, endpoint
& chemical gradea and toxicity threshold (µg/L)
24°C TG 99.8%
10 d lethality LC50 3,300
µg/L (chronic)
10 d growth NOEC 3,400
µg/L (chronic)
10 d survival NOEC
1,900 µg/L (chronic)
24 -25°C TG 99.8%
7 d lethality LC50 embryolarvae 11,700 g/L (chronic)
7 d lethality embryo-larvae
NOEC 4,200 µg/L (chronic)
24 -26°C TG 98.6%
192 h lethality LC50
juvenile 7,700 µg/L (acute)
64 day survival, growth
NOEC, 33.4 µg/L (chronic)
24°C, TG 99.8%
Reference
[81]
Chronic
NOECb (µg/L)
1,900*(observe
d)
[81]
[84]
33.4*
( 64 d observed
data sensitive)
21 d lethality LC50
[85]
7,600*
12,700 µg/L (chronic)
(observed)
21 day lethality NOEC
7,600 µg/L (chronic)
a
Technical grade (TG);Purity is indicated within brackets when specified.
b
Estimated chronic NOECs from reported LC50/EC50 data based on default acute to chronic ratio of 10 for acute LC50/EC50;
conversion factor of 5 for chronic EC50). Experimentally observed NOECs are indicated in asterisk.
10
Table S6. Selected single species toxicity data set for tropical freshwater SSD analysis for Tebuthiuron.
Taxonomic
Species (age, size)
Exposed temperature Exposure duration, endpoint
Reference
group
& chemical gradea and toxicity threshold (µg/L)
Green algae
Chlorella sp.
27°C, TG
72 h Growth IC50
[86]
Australian tropical species
281 µg/L (chronic)
72 h Growth NOEC 101
µg/L (chronic)
Chronic
NOECb (µg/L)
101*
(observed)
Pseudokirchneriella
subcapitata
25°C, TG
14 d Growth EC50, 307
µg/L (chronic)
14 d Growth NOEC
33 µg/L (chronic)
[87]
33*
(observed)
Macrophyte
Lemna aequinoctialis
Australian tropical species
30°C, TG
96 h Growth IC50
181 µg/L (acute)
[86]
18.1
Coelenterate
Hydra viridissima
Australian tropical species
TG
96 h Growth LC50
150000 µg/L (acute)
[87]
15,000
Crustacea
(Cladoceran)
Moinodaphnia macleayi
Australian tropical species
TG
3 brood reproduction
EC50 134,000 µg/L
3 brood reproduction
NOEC 20,000 µg/L
(chronic)
[87]
20,000*
(observed)
Daphnia magna
22°C, TG
21 d reproduction NOEC
21,800 µg/L (chronic)
[88]
21,800
Mogurnda mogurnda
Australian tropical species
22°C, TG
96 h survival LC50 214,000
µg/L (acute)
[87]
21,400
22-24°C, TG
33 d Growth NOEC 9,300
µg/L (chronic)
[88]
9,300*
(observed)
Fish
Pimephales promelas
11
a
Technical grade (TG) bEstimated chronic NOECs from reported LC50/EC50data based on Assessment Factors(10 for acute
LC50/EC50; 5 for chronic EC50) and experimentally observed NOECs used for 3 species indicated with an asterisk.
12
Table S7. Selected single species toxicity data set for tropical freshwater SSD analysis for Metolachlor.
Taxonomic
group
Green algae
Species (age, size)
Chronic NOECb
µg/L)
228
Exposed temperature
& chemical gradea
25°C, TG (95%)
Exposure duration, endpoint and
toxicity threshold (µg/L)
96 h Growth EC50
1,138 µg/L (chronic)
Reference
25°C, TG (96% rac,
96% S)
96 h Growth EC50 -rac
152 µg/L (chronic)
96 h Growth EC50 -S
68 µg/L (chronic)
[89]
20
(based on geo
mean EC50s
102µg/L)
25°C, TG (95%)
96 h Growth EC50
203 µg/L (chronic)
[54]
41
Scenedesmus vacuolatus
28°C, TG (98.4% S)
[90]
Scenedesmus vacuolatus
25°C, TG(98.4%S)
24 h Reproduction EC50-S,
341 µg/L (acute)
48 h Growth EC50-S
2,300 and 3,000 µg/L
(chronic)
34
(reproduction
estimate more
sensitive)
96 h Growth EC50, 55.5 µg/L
(chronic)
96 h Growth EC50, 84 µg/L
(chronic)
96 h Growth EC50, 77 µg/L
(chronic)
96 h Growth NOEC, 38 µg/L
(chronic)
[75]
38*
(experimental)
96 h Growth EC50-S, 130
µg/L (chronic)
96 h Growth EC50-rac, 256
µg/L (chronic)
[91]
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Chlorella pyrenoidosa
Chlorella vulgaris
Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata
24±2°C, TG
Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata
25°C, TG (95%)
Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata
25°C, TG
Scenedesmus obliquus
25°C, TG (rac-96%,
S-96%)
13
[54]
[54]
[56]
36
(estimated from
geomean EC50
182 µg/L)
Table S7 (continued). Selected single species toxicity data set for tropical freshwater SSD analysis for Metolachlor.
Taxonomic
Species (age, size)
group
Macrophytes Lemna minor
(12 fronds)
Lemna minor
(12 fronds)
Exposed temperature
& chemical gradea
25°C,TG
25°C, TG (95%)
Exposure duration, endpoint
and toxicity threshold (µg/L)
96 h Growth EC50, 343
µg/L (acute)
96 h Growth EC50, 360
µg/L (acute)
Reference
[56]
Chronic NOECb
(µg/L)
35(estimated
from geomean)
[54]
Ceratophyllum demersum
(10 cm apical portions)
25°C, TG (95%)
14 d Growth EC50, 70 µg/L
(chronic)
[54]
14
Elodea canadensis
(10 cm apical portions)
25°C, TG (95%)
14 d Growth EC50, 2,355
µg/L (chronic)
[54]
471
Najas sp (Water Nymph)
(10 cm apical portions)
25°C, TG (95%)
14 d Growth EC50, 242
µg/L (chronic)
[54]
48
Ceriodaphnia dubia
(Australian species)
(<24h neonates)
25°C (EC50 based
on measured levels,
source not reported)
48 h Immobilization EC50,
2,000 µg/L and 1,100 µg/L
in different waters (acute)
[83]
148(estimated
from geomean)
Daphnia magna
(<24 h neonates)
20°C, TG (95.3 rac,
96% S)
21 reproduction NOEC
rac-1 µg/L, s-100 µg/L
(chronic)
[92]
10*
(experimental
geomean)
Crustacea
(Amphipod)
Hyalella azteca
22°C, TG (97.2%)
96 h Lethality LC50, 6,000
µg/L (acute)
[93]
600
Insect
Chironomus plumosus
22°C, TG 95.4%
48 h Immobilization EC50
3,800 µg/L (acute)
Crustacea
(Cladocera)
14
[53]
380
Table S7 (continued). Selected single species toxicity data set for tropical freshwater SSD analysis for Metolachlor.
Taxonomic
group
Fish
Species (age, size)
Amphibian
Xenopus laevis
(Larvae)
Pimephales promelas
Exposed temperature
& chemical gradea
22°C, TG 95.4%
Exposure duration, endpoint
and toxicity threshold (µg/L)
96 h Lethality LC50, 8,000
µg/L (acute)
24°C, TG 98%
Reference
[53]
Chronic NOECb
(µg/L)
800
96 h Development EC50
[53]
1,383
13,830 µg/L (acute)abnormal larvae
a
b
Technical grade (TG) Estimated chronic NOECs from reported LC50/EC50 data based on default acute to chronic ratio of 10 for
acute LC50/EC50; conversion factor of 5 for chronic EC50) and experimentally observed NOECs used for 3 species indicated with an
asterisk.. Racemic Metolachlor (rac, R and S) and/or S-,Metolachlor are the two types of enantiomers tested.
15
Table S8. Selected single species toxicity data set for tropical freshwater SSD analysis for Imidacloprid.
Exposed temperature
& chemical gradea
21°C, TG
Exposure duration, endpoint
and toxicity threshold (µg/L)
72 h growth EC50: 389
µg/L( chronic )
Reference
[94]
Chronic NOECb
(µg/L)
77.8
Daphnia magna,
(24 h neonates)
22° C, TG (>99.5%)
48 h immobility EC50,
6029 µg/L (acute)
[95]
602.9
Chydorus sphaericus
22° C, TG (>99.5%)
48 h immobility EC50,
2209 µg/L (acute)
[95]
220.9
Cypretta seuratti
22° C, TG (>99.5%)
48 h immobility EC50,
16 µg/L (acute)
[95]
1.6
Cypridopsis vidua
22° C, TG (>99.5%)
48 h immobility EC50,
3 µg/L (acute)
[95]
0.3
Ilyocypris dentifera
22° C, TG (>99.5%)
48 h immobility EC50,
3 µg/L (acute)
[95]
0.3
Crustacea
(Amphipod)
Hyalella Azteca
23±1° C, TG (99.2%)
96 h lethality LC50:
65.43 µg/L (acute)
[96]
6.54
Insects
Chironomus tentans
(midge)
23±1° C, TG (99.2%)
96 h lethality LC50:
5.75 µg/L (acute)
[96]
0.58
Aedes albopictus
strains of mosquito
(larvae, 4th instar)
25° C, TG (97.7%)
24 h lethality LC50,500,
600, 300, 600, 800 µg/L
(acute)
[97]
53.3(based on
geo mean 533
µg/L)
Taxonomic
group
Green algae
Species (age, size)
Crustacea
(Cladocera)
Crustacea
(Ostracod)
Desmodesmus
subspictatus (cells)
16
Table S8 (continued). Selected single species toxicity data set for tropical freshwater SSD analysis for Imidacloprid.
Taxonomic
group
Fish
Species (age, size)
Amphibian
Rana nigronaculata
Hallowell tadpoles
(0.5 months old)
Danio rerio
Exposed temperature
& chemical gradea
21° C, TG
20° C, TG (95%)
Exposure duration, endpoint
and toxicity threshold (µg/L)
96 h lethality LC50
241,000 µg/L (acute)
96 h lethality LC50
129,000 µg/L (acute)
[94]
Chronic NOECb
(µg/L)
24,100
[98]
12,900
Reference
Rana limnocharis
20° C, TG (95%)
96 h lethality LC50
[98]
8,200
(tadpoles, 1 months old)
82,000 µg/L (acute)
a
Technical grade (TG) bEstimated chronic NOECs from reported LC50/EC50 data based on Assessment Factors(10 for acute
LC50/EC50;
5
for
chronic
EC50)
17
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