Supplementary table 1. Compilation of the carbonate system parameters during experiments focusing on the effect of ocean
acidification on marine shelled molluscs. Values have been directly extracted from the corresponding papers and, in bold, from the
European Project on OCean Acidification (EPOCA; http://www.epoca-project.eu/index.php/data/data-sets.html) data portal when
available (Nisumaa A.-M., Pesant S., Bellerby R. G. J., Middelburg J. J., Orr J. C., Riebesell U., Tyrrell T., Wolf-Gladrow D. & Gattuso J.-P.,
2010. EPOCA/EUR-OCEANS data compilation on the biological and biogeochemical responses to ocean acidification. Earth System
Science Data 3: 109-130).
The pH scale is mentioned when available (T: Total scale, NBS: National Bureau of Standards scale and SWS: Seawater scale). AT: Total
alkalinity, pCO2: partial pressure of carbon dioxide, TCO2: total inorganic carbon concentration, Ωa and Ωc: seawater saturation state with
respect to aragonite and calcite, respectively. NA: Not available.
Reference
Treatment
Amaral et al. (2012)
Saccostrea glomerata (oyster) Control sites
Low pH sites
Bechmann et al. (2011)
Mytilus edulis (mussel) Control
Low pH
Bednaršek et al. (2012a)
Limacina helicina, Clio pyramidata
Control
(pteropods)
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Temp
(°C)
Salinity
pH(scale)
AT
(μmol kg-1)
pCO2
(μatm)
TCO2
(μmol kg-1)
Ωa
Ωc
16-25
15-25
29-37
28-37
6.15-6.93(NA)
7.71-8.01(NA)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
34
34
10
10
8.06(NBS)
7.62(NBS)
2030
2014
447
1324
1900
2014
1.46
0.57
2.3
0.9
3
34
8.13(T)
2291
318
2123
1.82
NA
4
4
4
34
34
34
8.07(T)
7.83(T)
7.70(T)
2360
2317
2323
387
690
940
2212
2245
2296
1.70
1.03
0.78
NA
NA
NA
Note
4 days
Low pH
Bednaršek et al. (2012b)
Limacina helicina (pteropod) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Beesley et al. (2008)
Mytilus edulis (mussel) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Beniash et al. (2010)
Crassostrea virginica (oyster) Control
Low pH
Berge et al. (2006)
Mytilus edulis (mussel) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Bibby et al. (2007)
Littorina littorea (periwinkle) Control
Low pH
Bibby et al. (2008)
Mytilus edulis (mussel) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Byrne et al. (2010)
Haliotis coccoradiata (abalone) Control
Low pH
Low pH
4
34
7.73(T)
2330
883
2298
0.83
NA
14 days
375
500
750
1200
16
16
16
16
35
35
35
35
8.01(NBS)
7.84(NBS)
7.77(NBS)
7.36(NBS)
1899
1979
2062
1972
340
545
678
1875
1700
1840
1940
1960
1.97
1.51
1.37
0.77
3.06
2.34
2.13
1.2
20
20
30
30
8.30NBS)
7.50(NBS)
3320
3342
385
3523
2899
3385
8.4
1.42
5.4
0.9
17-24
17-24
17-24
17-24
17-24
21-28
21-28
21-28
21-28
21-28
8.24-8.16(NA)
7.61-7.80(NA)
7.39-7.42(NA)
7.05-7.00(NA)
6.54-6.65(NA)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1379-1767
1596-2072
1517-1964
1478-1914
1822-2317
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
15
15
35
35
7.97(NBS)
6.63(NBS)
1107
1952
358
13842
1179
2476
0.9
0.07
1.41
0.11
17
16
17
17
34
34
34
34
7.90(NBS)
7.70(NBS)
7.40(NBS)
6.50(NBS)
1928
2039
1228
346
666
1161
1435
3316
1833
2001
1250
458
1.18
0.82
0.25
0.01
1.84
1.27
0.40
0.01
20
20
20
37
37
37
8.25(NBS)
7.90(NBS)
7.80(NBS)
2307
2307
2307
327
814
1051
NA
NA
NA
3.39
1.74
1.42
5.20
2.68
2.18
in situ temperature
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Byrne et al. (2011)
Haliotis coccoradiata (abalone) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Comeau et al. (2009)
Limacina helicina (pteropod) Control
Low pH
Comeau et al. (2010a)
Cavolinia inflexa (pteropod) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Comeau et al. (2010b)
Limacina helicina (pteropod) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
7.60(NBS)
8.25(NBS)
7.90(NBS)
7.80(NBS)
7.60(NBS)
8.25(NBS)
7.90(NBS)
7.80(NBS)
7.60(NBS)
2307
2307
2307
2307
2307
2307
2307
2307
2307
1729
330
827
1069
1762
332
839
1087
1795
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.93
3.58
1.86
1.51
0.99
3.78
1.98
1.61
1.06
1.43
5.47
2.84
2.31
1.52
5.74
3.00
2.45
1.61
24
24
24
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
8.20(NBS)
7.80(NBS)
7.60(NBS)
8.20(NBS)
7.80(NBS)
7.60(NBS)
8.20(NBS)
7.80(NBS)
7.60(NBS)
2379
2379
2379
2379
2379
2379
2379
2379
2379
342
1084
1783
345
1102
1817
348
1121
1851
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
3.41
1.47
0.96
3.61
1.56
1.03
3.81
1.67
1.10
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
5
5
34.8
34.8
8.09(T)
7.78(T)
2298
2295
350
765
2131
2237
1.90
1.00
2.92
1.53
13
13
13
38
38
38
8.10(T)
7.82(T)
7.51(T)
2571
2565
2562
381
857
1713
2303
2433
2545
2.90
1.66
0.86
4.52
2.65
1.34
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
34.5
34.5
34.5
34.5
34.5
8.17(T)
8.03(T)
7.90(T)
7.77(T)
7.63(T)
2271
2271
2271
2271
2271
278
399
552
760
1067
2104
2157
2199
2238
2278
1.81
1.36
1.04
0.78
0.58
2.88
2.17
1.65
1.25
0.92
20
22
22
22
22
24
24
24
24
20
20
20
22
22
22
in situ temperature +
2°C
in situ temperature
+ 4°C
in situ temperature
in situ temperature +
2°C
in situ temperature
+ 4°C
in situ temperature
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Comeau et al. (2012)
Limacina helicina (pteropod) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Crim et al. (2011)
Haliotis coccoradiata (abalone) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Cummings et al. (2011)
Laternula elliptica (clam) Control
High pH
Low pH
Dickinson et al. (2012)
Crassostrea virginica (oyster) Control
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Dineshram et al. (2012)
Crassostrea gigas (oyster) Control
Low pH
Ellis et al. (2009)
Littorina obtusata (snail) Control
Low pH
Fernández-Reiriz et al. (2011)
Ruditapes philippinarum (clam) Control
Low pH
Low pH
3.9
3.9
3.9
3.9
3.9
34.5
34.5
34.5
34.5
34.5
8.18(T)
8.06(T)
7.89(T)
7.80(T)
7.61(T)
2279
2279
2279
2279
2279
267
376
578
722
1148
2084
2134
2194
2222
2277
2.13
1.64
1.16
0.96
0.63
3.32
2.61
1.84
1.52
1.00
-2
-2
-2
NA
NA
NA
8.05(T)
7.89(T)
7.76(T)
2137
2104
2058
362
530
704
2048
2060
2046
1.13
0.79
0.59
NA
NA
NA
12
12
12
34.4
34.6
34.6
8.29(NBS)
8.06(NBS)
7.78(NBS)
1978
1970
1972
238
438
890
1743
1830
1920
2.38
1.53
0.86
3.74
2.4
1.34
-1.8
-1.8
-1.8
34.1
34.1
34.1
7.99(T)
8.32(T)
7.78(T)
2257
2253
2258
430
187
735
2169
2044
2235
1.13
2.18
0.71
1.81
3.52
1.15
22.6
22.2
21.4
21.4
15.1
15.2
30.1
30
8.11(NBS)
7.97(NBS)
8.36(NBS)
8.10(NBS)
1628
1735
3512
3547
470
677
392
802
1550
1683
3059
3287
1.16
0.93
5.85
3.58
1.94
1.56
9.09
5.58
28
28
25
25
7.92(NBS)
7.48(NBS)
1977
NA
NA
2273
NA
NA
NA
0.6
NA
0.9
15
15
35
35
8.10(T)
7.55(T)
NA
1824
NA
1081
NA
1788
NA
0.74
NA
1.15
23
23
23
31
31
31
8.13(T)
7.84(T)
7.46(T)
3917
3890
3902
805
1698
4345
3551
3727
3934
5.13
2.78
1.25
7.86
4.27
1.91
in situ temperature +
4°C
First AT sampling
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Fernandez-Reiriz et al. (2012)
Mytilus galloprovincialis (mussel) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Gaylord et al. (2011)
Mytilus californianus (mussel) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Gazeau et al. (2007)
Mytilus edulis (mussel)
22
22
22
31
31
31
8.16(T)
7.82(T)
7.53(T)
3500
3749
3895
730
1813
3702
3500
3749
3895
5.64
2.91
1.58
8.61
4.44
2.41
18
18
18
29
29
29
8.03(T)
7.74(T)
7.48(T)
3549
3542
3554
963
1989
3790
3303
3452
3584
3.58
1.96
1.11
5.53
3.03
1.72
15
15
15
34
34
34
8.07(NBS)
7.95(NBS)
7.75(NBS)
2226
2229
2230
405
545
928
2019
2071
2144
2.28
1.82
1.19
NA
NA
NA
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
8.13(NBS)
8.09(NBS)
8.04(NBS)
8.02(NBS)
7.96(NBS)
7.98(NBS)
7.97(NBS)
7.93(NBS)
7.81(NBS)
7.92(NBS)
7.92(NBS)
7.91(NBS)
7.87(NBS)
7.87(NBS)
7.85(NBS)
7.77(NBS)
7.81(NBS)
7.81(NBS)
7.77(NBS)
7.76(NBS)
2421
2573
2537
2636
2569
2556
2556
2590
2008
2515
2272
2588
2562
2494
2473
2383
2592
2626
2482
2581
421
493
552
614
645
651
671
709
733
756
849
763
831
832
865
893
981
1010
1043
1106
2170
2329
2318
2426
2369
2364
2370
2404
1890
2355
2151
2418
2409
2349
2337
2247
246
2498
2372
2470
3.4
3.4
3.1
3.0
2.9
2.8
2.7
2.7
1.7
2.4
1.9
2.5
2.3
2.2
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.1
1.8
1.9
6.3
6.3
5.7
5.6
5.4
5.2
5.0
5.2
3.9
4.5
3.4
4.7
4.4
4.1
3.9
3.9
3.9
3.9
3.4
3.5
Second AT sampling
Crassostrea gigas (oyster)
Gazeau et al. (2010)
Mytilus edulis (mussel) Control
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
7.74(NBS)
7.72(NBS)
7.66(NBS)
7.64(NBS)
7.63(NBS)
7.47(NBS)
7.60(NBS)
7.52(NBS)
7.46(NBS)
7.46(NBS)
8.07(NBS)
8.06(NBS)
8.04(NBS)
8.04(NBS)
8.04(NBS)
8.02(NBS)
8.00(NBS)
7.92(NBS)
7.90(NBS)
7.92(NBS)
7.88(NBS)
7.86(NBS)
7.86(NBS)
7.77(NBS)
7.72(NBS)
7.69(NBS)
7.68(NBS)
7.65(NBS)
7.57(NBS)
7.55(NBS)
2565
2607
2417
2641
2633
2091
2625
2534
2344
2546
2740
2645
2742
2742
2727
2722
2788
2710
2968
2811
2892
2684
2779
2694
2667
2659
2695
2785
2816
2736
1172
1204
1315
1453
1461
1632
1713
1956
2010
2351
698
705
761
762
782
811
861
1063
1106
1206
1222
1247
1258
1575
1724
1762
1938
2183
2564
2774
2466
2505
2341
2563
2554
2056
2574
2506
2327
2545
2531
2448
2549
2553
2552
2536
2617
2569
2830
2661
2764
2562
2660
2609
2602
2612
2646
2741
2808
2728
1.8
1.8
1.5
1.6
1.6
1.0
1.3
1.1
1.0
1.0
3.1
2.9
2.9
2.8
2.9
2.8
2.7
2.3
2.4
2.4
2.2
2.1
2.1
1.7
1.1
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.1
1.1
3.3
3.4
2.7
3.0
3.0
1.9
2.5
2.1
1.8
1.8
5.7
5.3
5.4
5.3
5.4
5.2
4.9
4.2
4.4
4.5
4.1
3.8
3.8
3.1
2.0
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.1
2.0
17
32
8.15(NBS)
2486
468
2254
2.75
5.12
Exp#1
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Gazeau et al. (2011)
Crassostrea gigas (oyster) Control (T1)
T2
T3
T4
T5
Green et al. (2009)
Mercenaria mercenaria (clam) Control
Buffered plot
Unbuffered plot
Hale et al. (2011)
Community Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Hammer et al. (2011)
Acesta excavata (clam) Control
Low pH
Havenhand and Schlegel (2009)
Crassostrea gigas (oyster) Control
Low pH
Hiebenthal et al. (2012)
Mytilus edulis (mussel), Arctica
Control
islandica (clam)
17
17
16
20
19
32
32
32
31
32
7.81(NBS)
8.09(NBS)
7.58(NBS)
8.03(NBS)
7.78(NBS)
2483
2436
2437
2402
2403
1124
537
1929
642
1213
2397
2237
2432
2218
2321
1.38
2.39
0.81
2.30
1.37
2.58
4.45
1.52
4.27
2.54
Exp#1
Exp#1
Exp#2
Exp#2
Exp#2
19
19
19
19
19
34
34
34
34
34
8.03(T)
7.72(T)
7.41(T)
7.67(T)
7.62(T)
2453
2446
2443
1094
6720
449
1020
2171
495
3734
2206
2340
2443
1031
6582
2.83
1.51
0.78
1.58
3.51
4.37
2.34
1.21
2.43
5.43
HCl + Calcium addition
Bicarbonate addition
20
20
20
30
30
30
7.90(NBS)
7.31(NBS)
7.04(NBS)
NA
2743
2400
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1.6
0.53
0.25
NA
NA
NA
12
12
12
12
16
16
16
16
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
7.86(NBS)
7.66(NBS)
7.35(NBS)
6.81(NBS)
7.85(NBS)
7.61(NBS)
7.37(NBS)
6.66(NBS)
1957
2156
2098
1942
1984
2072
2052
1957
729
1296
2729
2268
822
1423
2612
3010
1859
2084
2182
2410
1916
2046
2105
2424
1.01
0.75
0.35
0.1
1.23
0.78
0.43
0.1
1.59
1.17
0.55
0.16
1.91
1.21
0.67
0.15
8
8
35
35
8.12(?)
6.35(?)
NA
NA
530
32881
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
21.5
-
24
-
8.15(NBS)
7.82(NBS)
1988
1988
603
1346
1873
1964
1.56
0.79
2.48
1.25
8
16
7.85(NBS)
2024
738
2028
0.50
0.90
in situ temperature
in situ temperature +
4°C
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Hüning et al. (2012)
Mytilus edulis (mussel) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Kimura et al. (2011)
Haliotis discus hannai (abalone) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Kurihara et al. (2007)
Crassostrea gigas (oyster) Control
Low pH
Kurihara et al. (2008)
8
8
10
10
10
16
16
16
20
20
20
25
25
25
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
7.76(NBS)
7.63(NBS)
7.96(NBS)
7.80(NBS)
7.67(NBS)
7.96(NBS)
7.82(NBS)
7.72(NBS)
8.01(NBS)
7.82(NBS)
7.73(NBS)
7.98(NBS)
7.86(NBS)
7.73(NBS)
2034
2049
2007
2023
2039
1977
2000
2016
2024
2026
2028
2023
2024
2025
1093
1655
356
917
1542
438
869
1308
308
837
1232
427
769
1148
2056
2102
1971
2022
2072
1924
1980
2023
1942
1991
2016
1940
1970
1994
0.40
0.30
0.70
0.60
0.40
0.80
0.60
0.50
1.20
0.90
0.70
1.30
1.10
0.90
0.70
0.50
1.20
1.00
0.70
1.30
1.10
0.90
2.00
1.50
1.20
2.10
1.80
1.50
9
9
9
9
18
18
18
18
8.03(NBS)
7.70(NBS)
7.38(NBS)
7.14(NBS)
2045
2041
2051
2044
385
1115
2398
3997
1969
2031
2124
2214
1.11
0.61
0.30
0.16
1.86
1.02
0.50
0.27
20.2
20.1
20.2
20.3
19
18.8
19
19.1
31
31
31
31
32
32
32
32
7.94(NBS)
7.84(NBS)
7.76(NBS)
7.71(NBS)
7.94(NBS)
7.68(NBS)
7.49(NBS)
7.41(NBS)
2102
2107
2108
2109
2208
2209
2205
2208
486
638
833
1006
513
1030
1590
2113
1930
1971
2001
2017
2029
2127
2181
2210
2.05
1.70
1.44
1.31
2.12
1.25
0.84
0.69
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
23
23
34
34
8.21(NBS)
7.42(NBS)
1964
1964
348
2268
1678
1929
3.00
0.68
4.54
1.02
Exp#1
Exp#2
Mytilus galloprovincialis (mussel) Control
Low pH
Lannig et al. (2010)
Crassostrea gigas (oyster) Control
Low pH
Lischka et al. (2011)
Limacina helicina (pteropod) High pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
High pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
High pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Lischka and Riebesell (2012)
Limacina helicina (pteropod) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Limacina retroversa (pteropod) Control
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Liu and He (2012)
Pinctada fucata (oyster), Chlamys
nobilis (clam), Perna viridis (mussel) Control
Low pH
Low pH
13
13
36
36
8.13(NBS)
7.42(NBS)
1956
1942
NA
NA
1757
1971
2.23
0.49
3.37
0.75
18
18
32
31
8.07(NBS)
7.68(NBS)
2471
2344
578
1494
2284
2312
2.30
0.94
3.58
1.46
4
3
3
3
5
6
6
6
8
8
8
8
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
8.28(T)
8.06(T)
7.80(T)
7.66(T)
8.17(T)
8.06(T)
7.77(T)
7.65(T)
8.19(T)
8.06(T)
7.77(T)
7.60(T)
2284
2284
2286
2288
2284
2288
2287
2290
2285
2287
2291
2293
214
379
734
1029
289
380
792
1065
273
389
794
1209
2046
2140
2232
2276
2080
2131
2231
2270
2052
2116
2223
2277
2.48
1.53
0.93
0.69
2.19
1.76
0.96
0.74
2.48
1.90
1.06
0.73
3.99
2.58
1.50
1.10
3.44
2.78
1.52
1.17
3.87
3.00
1.65
1.15
2
2
2
7
7
7
2
2
7
7
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
8.10(T)
7.88(T)
7.74(T)
8.15(T)
7.92(T)
7.79(T)
8.12(T)
7.75(T)
8.16(T)
7.78(T)
2290
2281
2286
2287
2299
2279
2289
2289
2288
2278
340
599
831
300
563
760
324
826
298
777
2141
2210
2255
2078
2188
2210
2133
2257
2078
2211
1.67
1.04
0.78
2.25
1.39
1.07
1.73
0.79
2.26
1.04
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
25
32
8.1(NBS)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
25
25
32
32
7.7(NBS)
7.4(NBS)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
in situ temperature
in situ temperature +
3°C
in situ temperature +
5°C
Lopez et al. (2010)
Ruditapes philippinarum (clam) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Maas et al. (2012)
Hyalocylis striata, Clio pyramidata,
Cavolinia longirostris, Creseis virgula, Control
Diacria quadridentata (pteropods)
Low pH
Manno et al. (2012)
Limacina retroversa (pteropod) Control
Control
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Marchant et al. (2010)
Patella vulgata (limpet) Control
Low pH
Matozzo et al. (2012)
Chamalea gallina (clam), Mytilus
Control
galloprovincialis (mussel)
20
20
20
36
36
36
8.5(SWS)
7.5(SWS)
6.5(SWS)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
20
35
8.29(?)
2300
380
NA
NA
NA
20
35
7.96(?)
2300
1000
NA
NA
NA
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
34
28
26
34
28
26
34
28
26
34
28
26
34
34
34
34
8.10(NBS)
8.10(NBS)
8.10(NBS)
8.01(NBS)
8.01(NBS)
8.01(NBS)
7.80(NBS)
7.79(NBS)
7.80(NBS)
7.76(NBS)
7.60(NBS)
7.60(NBS)
8.11(NBS)
8.01(NBS)
7.79(NBS)
7.60(NBS)
2251
2252
2251
2253
2254
2254
2254
2255
2255
2256
2255
2255
2252
2253
2254
2255
319
342
355
403
435
442
696
751
758
1116
1201
1231
313
407
713
1146
2110
2141
2154
2148
2172
2182
2216
2237
2246
2273
2291
2300
2110
2149
2222
2277
1.55
1.35
1.27
1.29
1.10
1.05
0.81
0.69
0.65
0.53
0.44
0.42
1.57
1.28
0.79
0.52
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
14
14
35
35
8.24(NBS)
7.53(NBS)
2943
3287
419
2804
2645
3317
3.51
0.90
5.48
1.40
8.1(?)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
7.7(?)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
7.4(?)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
22, 28
Low pH
22, 28
Low pH
22, 28
28, 34,
40
28, 34,
40
28, 34,
Low sal
Low sal
Low sal
Low sal
Low sal
Low sal
Low sal
Low sal
Dead organisms
40
McClintock et al. (2009)
Laternula elliptica/Yoldia eightsi
Control
(clams), Nacella concinna (limpet)
Low pH
Melzner et al. (2011)
Mytilus edulis (mussel) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Michaelidis et al. (2005)
Mytilus galloprovincialis (mussel) Control
Low pH
Miller et al. (2009)
Crassostrea virginica (oyster) High pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Crassostrea ariakensis (oyster) High pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Navarro et al. (2013)
Mytilus chilensis (mussel) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Nienhuis et al. (2010)
Nucella lamellosa (snail) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Orr et al. (2005)
NA
NA
8.21(NBS)
2678
NA
NA
2.66
4.22
NA
NA
7.41(NBS)
2658
NA
NA
0.47
0.74
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
8.01(NBS)
7.69(NBS)
7.35(NBS)
7.15(NBS)
8.01(NBS)
7.70(NBS)
7.40(NBS)
7.19(NBS)
1915
1915
1898
1881
1934
1896
1898
1862
523
1174
2586
3908
543
1125
2309
3958
1882
1952
2033
2097
1900
1929
2015
2085
0.72
0.34
0.15
0.10
0.73
0.35
0.18
0.10
1.23
0.58
0.26
0.17
1.26
0.61
0.30
0.17
18
18
32
32
8.05(NBS)
7.30(NBS)
2744
2186
1079
5026
2634
2335
1.68
0.27
2.62
0.42
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
8.16(NBS)
8.06(NBS)
7.91(NBS)
7.76(NBS)
8.17(NBS)
8.08(NBS)
7.92(NBS)
7.79(NBS)
1229
1268
1283
1289
1297
1324
1357
1360
284
389
572
840
291
386
581
823
1126
1188
1232
1265
1187
1237
1301
1331
1.20
1.00
0.80
0.60
1.30
1.10
0.80
0.60
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
16
16
15
34
33
34
7.90(T)
7.84T)
7.70(T)
2237
2227
2241
405
676
982
NA
NA
NA
2.38
1.51
1.13
3.70
2.36
1.76
12
12
12
35
35
35
7.98(NBS)
7.80(NBS)
7.54(NBS)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
High food concentration
Low food concentration
Limacina helicina (pteropod) Low pH
Parker et al. (2009)
Saccostrea glomerata (oyster) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Parker et al. (2010)
Saccostrea glomerata (oyster) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
18
18
18
18
22
22
22
22
26
26
26
26
30
30
30
30
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
2336
2336
2336
2336
2336
2336
2336
2336
2336
2336
2336
2336
2336
2336
2336
2336
375
600
750
1000
375
600
750
1000
375
600
750
1000
375
600
750
1000
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
18
18
18
18
22
22
22
22
26
26
26
26
30
30
30
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
8.19(NBS)
8.01(NBS)
7.93(NBS)
7.82(NBS)
8.20(NBS)
8.02(NBS)
7.94(NBS)
7.83(NBS)
8.20(NBS)
8.03(NBS)
7.95(NBS)
7.84(NBS)
8.21(NBS)
8.04(NBS)
7.96(NBS)
2285
2285
2285
2285
2285
2285
2285
2285
2285
2285
2285
2285
2285
2285
2285
375
600
750
1000
375
600
750
1000
375
600
750
1000
375
600
750
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Low pH
Crassostrea gigas (oyster) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Parker et al. (2011)
Saccostrea glomerata (oyster) Control
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Parker et al. (2012)
Saccostrea glomerata (oyster) Control
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Range et al. (2011)
Ruditapes decussatus (clam) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
30
18
18
18
18
22
22
22
22
26
26
26
26
30
30
30
30
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
7.85(NBS)
8.19(NBS)
8.01(NBS)
7.93(NBS)
7.82(NBS)
8.20(NBS)
8.02(NBS)
7.94(NBS)
7.83(NBS)
8.20(NBS)
8.03(NBS)
7.95(NBS)
7.84(NBS)
8.21(NBS)
8.04(NBS)
7.96(NBS)
7.85(NBS)
2285
2285
2285
2285
2285
2285
2285
2285
2285
2285
2285
2285
2285
2285
2285
2285
2285
1000
375
600
750
1000
375
600
750
1000
375
600
750
1000
375
600
750
1000
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
25
25
25
25
35
35
35
35
8.20(NBS)
7.84(NBS)
8.20(NBS)
7.84(NBS)
2285
2285
2278
2278
375
1000
375
1000
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
25
25
25
25
35
35
35
35
8.20(NBS)
7.90(NBS)
8.20(NBS)
7.90(NBS)
2308
2308
2311
2311
380
856
380
856
2008
2158
2011
2160
3.40
1.90
3.40
1.90
5.20
2.90
5.20
2.90
23
23
23
22
22
22
31
31
31
31
31
31
8.13(T)
7.84(T)
7.46(T)
8.16(T)
7.82(T)
7.53(T)
3917
3890
3902
3910
3920
3911
805
1698
4345
730
1813
3702
3551
3727
3934
3500
3749
3895
5.13
2.78
1.25
5.64
2.91
1.58
7.86
4.27
1.91
8.61
4.44
2.41
Exp#1 – Mass selected
Exp#2 – Pair mated
Adults
Larvae
First AT sampling
Second AT sampling
Range et al. (2012)
Mytilus galloprovincialis (mussel) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Ries et al. (2009)
C. fornicata, S. alatus, L. littorea Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
A. irradians, C. virginica, M. Control
arenaria, M. edulis, M. Low pH
mercenaria Low pH
Low pH
Schalkhausser et al. (2012)
Pecten maximus (scallop) Control
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Shirayama and Thornton (2005)
Strombus lubuanus (snail) Control
Low pH
Seibel et al. (2012)
Limacina helicina Antarctica (pteropod) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Sunday et al. (2011)
Mytilus trossulus (mussel) Control
Low pH
Talmage and Gobler (2009)
Mercenaria mercenaria (clam) Control
Low pH
18
18
18
17
17
17
29
29
29
29
29
29
7.88(T)
7.59(T)
7.33(T)
7.88(T)
7.59(T)
7.33(T)
3549
3542
3554
3543
3555
3544
963
1989
3790
977
2051
4193
3303
3452
3584
3289
3466
3588
3.58
1.96
1.11
3.72
1.96
1.05
5.53
3.03
1.72
5.73
3.03
1.61
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
8.09(NBS)
8.00(NBS)
7.86(NBS)
7.42(NBS)
8.15(NBS)
8.02(NBS)
7.83(NBS)
7.45(NBS)
1770
1798
1849
2079
1833
1862
1856
2063
409
606
903
2856
370
547
892
2551
1568
1634
1733
2097
1598
1684
1749
2071
2.28
1.93
1.51
0.68
2.63
2.11
1.43
0.71
3.19
2.71
2.12
0.93
3.71
2.94
2.00
0.99
4
4
10
10
31
31
31
31
8.08(T)
7.65(T)
8.08(T)
7.65(T)
NA
NA
NA
NA
400
1100
400
1150
2309
2392
2315
2387
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
20-26
20-26
NA
NA
7.94
7.90
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
-2
-2
-2
NA
NA
NA
8.07(T)
7.81(T)
7.65(T)
2322
2328
2322
372
664
994
NA
NA
NA
1.50
0.86
0.61
NA
NA
NA
12
12
34
34
8.3(NBS)
8.0(NBS)
2048
2048
254
571
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
24
24
28
28
8.02(T)
7.84(T)
1760
1966
355
632
1552
1817
2.37
1.92
3.68
2.98
First AT sampling
Second AT sampling
Low pH
Crassostrea virginica (oyster) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Argopecten irradians (scallop) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Talmage and Gobler (2010)
Mercenaria mercenaria (clam) High pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Argopecten irradians (scallop) High pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Talmage and Gobler (2011)
Mercenaria mercenaria (clam) High pH
Control
Low pH
High pH
Control
Low pH
Argopecten irradians (scallop) High pH
Control
Low pH
High pH
Control
Low pH
Mercenaria mercenaria (clam),
Argopecten irradians (scallop), Control
Crassostrea virginica (oyster)
Low pH
Control
Low pH
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
7.49(T)
8.07(T)
7.85(T)
7.50(T)
8.08(T)
7.83(T)
7.48(T)
1854
1978
1960
1926
2049
2010
1975
1480
355
622
1480
355
681
1609
1817
1738
1807
1885
1797
1866
1944
0.85
2.91
1.91
0.92
3.06
1.87
0.91
1.33
4.52
2.97
1.43
4.80
2.90
1.41
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
8.17(T)
8.05(T)
7.80(T)
7.53(T)
8.17(T)
8.04(T)
7.80(T)
7.53(T)
1903
2033
2043
2089
1865
2052
2038
2107
247
380
742
1516
244
387
739
1529
1616
1798
1912
2070
1584
1817
1906
2063
3.42
2.92
1.82
1.08
3.34
2.94
1.81
1.07
5.31
4.53
2.82
1.67
5.18
4.55
2.81
1.66
24
24
24
28
28
28
24
24
24
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
8.21(NBS)
8.08(NBS)
7.8(NBS)
8.20(NBS)
8.09(NBS)
7.8(NBS)
8.20(NBS)
8.08(NBS)
7.81(NBS)
8.21(NBS)
8.08(NBS)
7.81(NBS)
1297
1527
1509
1404
1568
1523
1360
1521
1517
1401
1557
1519
220
375
772
247
379
795
238
374
756
240
387
773
1095
1349
1413
1176
1366
1415
1155
1344
1490
1169
1531
1409
1.84
1.72
0.98
2.24
2.07
1.14
1.90
1.72
1.00
2.27
2.01
1.16
2.86
2.68
1.51
3.43
3.17
1.75
2.95
2.66
1.55
3.48
3.09
1.78
24
28
8.09(NBS)
1668
400
1475
1.93
2.99
24
28
28
28
28
28
7.62(NBS)
8.09(NBS)
7.62(NBS)
2052
1659
2081
1165
400
1737
1987
1448
2005
0.92
2.20
1.07
1.42
3.38
1.64
Larvae
Juveniles
Talmage and Gobler (2012)
Crassostrea virginica (oyster) Control
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Argopecten irradians (scallop) High pH
Control
Low pH
High pH
Control
Low pH
Thiyagarajan and Ko (2012)
Crassostrea angulata (oyster) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Control
Control
Low pH
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
8.10(NBS)
7.88(NBS)
8.09(NBS)
7.87(NBS)
8.21(NBS)
8.08(NBS)
7.88(NBS)
8.20(NBS)
8.06(NBS)
7.88(NBS)
1633
1987
1659
2023
1357
1499
2060
1323
1461
2028
381
833
398
864
233
368
870
230
377
857
1466
1880
1493
1916
1171
1348
1951
1142
1318
1920
1.92
1.52
1.91
1.53
1.92
1.69
1.58
2.47
1.60
1.55
2.97
2.36
2.97
2.37
2.99
2.63
2.44
2.88
2.47
2.40
25
25
25
24
24
24
24
25
25
31
25
34
37
37
27
27
27
28
33
23
33
34
8.05(NBS)
7.95(NBS)
7.55(NBS)
8.08(NBS)
7.81(NBS)
7.64(NBS)
7.43(NBS)
7.99(NBS)
7.93(NBS)
8.01(NBS)
7.67(NBS)
2250
2300
2320
1860
1900
1880
1880
2340
1690
2570
2380
564
736
2052
469
964
1447
2390
696
664
753
1593
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
2.55
2.23
1.00
1.94
1.14
0.78
0.51
2.34
1.22
3.20
1.21
3.87
3.37
1.51
3.02
1.77
1.22
0.79
3.57
1.93
4.78
1.85
Control
31
24
7.95(NBS)
1770
683
NA
1.63
2.53
Low pH
31
34
7.63(NBS)
2460
1922
NA
1.43
2.14
Low pH
25
24
7.57(NBS)
1740
1662
NA
0.60
0.94
Low pH
31
24
7.60(NBS)
1770
1640
NA
0.78
1.21
Thomsen and Melzner (2010)
Mytilus edulis (mussel) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
9
9
9
9
18
18
18
18
8.03(NBS)
7.70(NBS)
7.38(NBS)
7.15(NBS)
2045
2041
2051
2044
472
910
2016
3729
1969
2031
2124
2214
1.11
0.61
0.30
0.16
1.86
1.02
0.50
0.27
Low density brown tide
High density brown tide
Low density brown tide
High density brown tide
Exp. 1 (control)
Exp. 2 (low sal)
Exp. 3 (control)
Exp. 3 (low sal)
Exp. 3 (high temp)
Exp. 3 (low pH)
Exp. 3 (low sal, high
temp)
Exp. 3 (low pH, high
temp)
Exp. 3 (low pH, low sal)
Exp 3. (low pH, low sal,
high temp)
Thomsen et al. (2010)
Mytilus edulis (mussel) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Timmins-Schiffman et al. (2012)
Crassostrea gigas (oyster) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Tomanek et al. (2011)
Crassostrea gigas (oyster) Control
Low pH
Van Colen et al. (2012)
Macoma balthica (clam) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
13
13
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
12
12
12
12
12
12
15
15
15
8.05(NBS)
7.89(NBS)
7.81(NBS)
7.70(NBS)
7.56(NBS)
7.08(NBS)
8.13(NBS)
7.72(NBS)
7.26(NBS)
1901
1904
1906
1906
1906
1891
1966
1968
1970
464
661
789
1046
1480
4254
493
1332
3898
1842
1874
1892
1914
1944
2078
1891
1984
2126
1.01
0.75
0.62
0.49
0.37
0.12
1.14
0.48
0.17
1.77
1.31
1.09
0.86
0.64
0.22
1.94
0.81
0.28
20
20
20
28
28
28
7.99(T)
7.75(T)
7.66(T)
1998
1995
1993
468
847
1065
NA
NA
NA
1.79
1.19
0.98
2.80
1.86
1.54
20
20
30
30
8.3(NBS)
7.5(NBS)
3320
3342
391
3570
2899
3385
NA
NA
NA
NA
15
15
15
16
16
16
15
15
15
14
14
14
15
15
15
15
26
26
26
26
26
26
8.20(NBS)
7.80(NBS)
7.59(NBS)
8.15(NBS)
7.79(NBS)
7.63(NBS)
8.12(NBS)
7.79(NBS)
7.55(NBS)
8.10(NBS)
7.77(NBS)
7.54(NBS)
8.15(NBS)
7.79(NBS)
7.55(NBS)
8.15(NBS)
NA
NA
NA
2941
2882
2887
2920
2920
2912
2985
2979
2994
2848
2842
2844
2811
NA
NA
NA
602
1455
2128
658
1483
2622
694
1576
2740
582
1419
2511
571
NA
NA
NA
2751
2837
2897
2736
2879
2955
2825
2948
3047
2670
2804
2887
2636
NA
NA
NA
2.56
1.18
0.84
2.52
1.17
0.68
2.23
1.10
0.67
2.41
1.14
0.68
2.37
NA
NA
NA
Fertilization – day 0
4.10
1.89
1.34
Fertilization – day 1
26
26
26
26
25
26
26
26
26
26
4.01
1.87
1.10
3.58
1.77
1.07
3.86
1.82
1.08
3.80
Exp#1
Exp#2
Embryonic – day 0
Embryonic – day 3
Larvae – day 3
Larvae – day 5
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
14
15
15
16
16
14
14
14
15
15
15
15
14
15
16
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
14
14
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
27
26
26
26
26
26
27
27
7.80(NBS)
7.54(NBS)
8.00(NBS)
7.79(NBS)
7.49(NBS)
8.03(NBS)
7.78(NBS)
7.48(NBS)
8.09(NBS)
7.76(NBS)
7.47(NBS)
8.11(NBS)
7.79(NBS)
7.55(NBS)
8.06(NBS)
7.72(NBS)
7.53(NBS)
8.14(NBS)
7.79(NBS)
7.56(NBS)
8.04(NBS)
7.75(NBS)
7.56(NBS)
8.10(NBS)
7.78(NBS)
7.62(NBS)
8.16(NBS)
7.86(NBS)
7.64(NBS)
8.15(NBS)
7.84(NBS)
7.63(NBS)
8.14(NBS)
7.73(NBS)
2816
2833
2854
2846
2860
2846
2832
2846
2847
2828
2846
3065
2989
NA
3055
3056
3050
2980
3050
3030
3057
3064
3075
3034
3071
3058
2981
3081
3072
3048
3031
3074
3072
3021
1354
2575
854
1440
3000
780
1440
2989
671
1534
3064
675
1632
NA
786
1794
2842
616
1526
2614
809
1670
2643
688
1553
2296
584
1300
2207
607
1312
2290
628
1722
2774
2881
2737
2805
2924
2720
2799
2918
2690
2798
2918
2891
2965
NA
2903
3037
3103
2796
3010
3073
2913
3032
3114
2866
3034
3080
2784
3012
3085
2853
2969
3095
2877
2996
1.14
0.65
1.81
1.16
0.61
1.88
1.09
0.57
2.20
1.08
0.57
2.43
1.08
NA
2.23
1.08
0.70
2.51
1.21
0.73
2.14
1.17
0.77
2.36
1.20
0.84
2.66
1.46
0.90
2.65
1.38
0.85
2.67
1.10
1.83
1.05
2.89
1.86
0.98
3.01
1.74
0.91
3.51
1.72
0.92
3.89
1.73
NA
3.56
1.73
1.13
4.01
1.94
1.17
3.41
1.87
1.23
3.78
1.92
1.34
4.24
2.32
1.43
4.23
2.20
1.36
4.26
1.76
Larvae – day 5
Larvae – day 7
Larvae – day 7
Larvae – day 9
Larvae – day 9
Larvae – day 11
Larvae – day 11
Larvae – day 13
Larvae – day 13
Larvae – day 15
Larvae – day 15
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Waldbusser et al. (2010)
Mercenaria mercenaria (clam) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Waldbusser et al. (2011a)
Crassostrea virginica (oyster) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Low pH
Waldbusser et al. (2011b)
Crassostrea virginica (oyster) High pH
Control
Low pH
High pH
Control
Low pH
High pH
Control
Low pH
High pH
Control
Low pH
Watson et al. (2009)
Saccostrea glomerata (oyster) Control
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
27
27
26
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
7.49(NBS)
8.18(NBS)
7.85(NBS)
7.59(NBS)
8.15(NBS)
7.76(NBS)
7.59(NBS)
8.10(NBS)
7.74(NBS)
7.58(NBS)
3109
3047
3052
3043
3050
3057
3097
3126
3116
3143
3177
569
1312
2433
619
1622
2509
713
1725
2557
3178
2841
2989
3074
2855
3022
3128
2955
3091
3177
0.66
2.77
1.39
0.79
2.66
1.19
0.81
2.43
1.14
0.81
1.06
4.43
2.22
1.26
4.25
1.90
1.30
3.89
1.82
1.29
20
20
20
30
30
30
8.02(SWS)
7.64(SWS)
7.41(SWS)
2190
2180
2180
424
1120
1950
2022
2156
2225
2.52
1.18
0.72
3.94
1.84
1.14
27
27
27
27
13
13
13
13
7.90(NBS)
7.67(NBS)
7.38(NBS)
7.17(NBS)
1604
1613
1686
1704
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
20
20
20
30
30
30
30
30
30
20
20
20
32
32
32
32
32
32
16
16
16
16
16
16
8.29(NBS)
7.66(NBS)
7.56(NBS)
8.14(NBS)
7.85(NBS)
7.43(NBS)
7.92(NBS)
7.66(NBS)
7.46(NBS)
7.76(NBS)
7.52(NBS)
7.41(NBS)
2007
2018
1996
2079
2107
2075
1239
1237
1218
1186
1143
1148
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
4.62
1.32
1.05
4.74
2.78
1.13
1.45
0.83
0.53
0.70
0.39
0.31
26
32
8.11(NBS)
990
220
NA
1.15
1.67
Larvae – day 17
Larvae – day 17
Larvae – day 19
Low pH
Low pH
Watson et al. (2012)
Tridacna squamosa (clam) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Control
Low pH
Low pH
Welladsen et al. (2010)
Pinctada fucata (oyster) Control
Low pH
Low pH
Zippay and Hofmann (2010)
Haliotis rufescens (abalone) Control
Low pH
Low pH
26
26
32
32
7.81(NBS)
7.64(NBS)
1002
992
509
776
NA
NA
0.64
0.45
0.93
0.65
28
29
29
30
30
30
31
32
32
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
8.15(NBS)
8.01(NBS)
7.84(NBS)
8.15(NBS)
8.00(NBS)
7.83(NBS)
8.13(NBS)
8.01(NBS)
7.82(NBS)
2045
2103
2171
2018
2102
2173
2026
2096
2172
408
614
981
405
636
1014
436
615
1061
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
26
26
26
NA
NA
NA
8.1-8.2(NBS)
7.8(NBS)
7.6(NBS)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
15
15
15
33
33
33
8.05(NA)
7.97(NA)
7.07(NA)
NA
NA
NA
380
570
990
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
T1
T2
T3
References
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