Online Supplement
Thomas WEBER (a,b), Siegfried WASSERTHEURER (c), Bernhard HAMETNER (c), Stephanie PARRAGH (c), Bernd EBER (a) a ... Cardiology Department, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen, Wels, Austria b ... Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria c ... Austrian Institute of Technology, Vienna, Austria
Corresponding author:
Thomas Weber, MD, Associate Professor
Cardiology Department
Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen
Grieskirchnerstrasse 42
4600 Wels
Austria
Email: thomas.weber3@liwest.at
Fax: 0043 7242 415 3992
1

All patients
Patient number
Age years
Men
915
61.0 (53.2-69.0)
Hypertension
Diabetes mellitus
Smoking
Coronary artery disease
752 (82.2%)
705 (77.0%)
209 (22.8 %)
188 (20.5%)
466 (50.9 %)
AngioScore
Normal systolic function
0 (0-4)
727 (79.5%)
Left ventricular enddiastolic pressure mm Hg 16 (12-20)
Body Mass Index kg/m 2 28.3 (25.6-30.9)
Waist circumference cm 100 (94-107)
Total cholesterol mg/dl
LDL-cholesterol mg/dl
200 (170-231)
114 (89-144)
HbA1c %
Creatinine clearence ml/min
Log nt-proBNP pg/ml
Left atrial diameter cm/m 2
Left ventricular mass g/m 2
E´cm/sec
E/E´
S´cm/sec
5.7 (5.4-6.2)
91 (71-114)
2.1 (1.8-2.6)
2.0 (1.8-2.2)
121 (100-149)
5.6 (4.5-7.0)
10.6 (8.6-13.7)
6.7 (5.7-7.7)
Patients with direct distance measurement
632
60.0 (53.0-69.0)
526 (83.2 %)
491(77.7%)
150 (23.7%)
122 (19.3%)
312 (49.4%)
0 (0-4)
494 (78.2%)
16 (12-20)
28.4 (25.6-31.1)
101 (94-108)
201 (169-234)
115 (88-148)
5.7 (5.5-6.2)
93 (72-116)
2.1 (1.8-2.6)
2.0 (1.8-2.2)
120 (99-148)
5.6 (4.5-7.0)
10.6 (8.7-13.6)
6.8 (1.6)
Patients with caliper measurement
336
63 (55-70)
267 (79.5%)
265 (78.9%)
96 (28.6%)
65 (19.3%)
186 (55.4%)
0 (0-4)
259 (77.1%)
17 (12-21)
28.4 (25.8-31.0)
102 (95-109)
195 (163-230)
111 (84-142)
5.7 (5.5-6.3)
89 (69-115)
2.1 (1.8-2.6)
2.0 (1.8-2.2)
119 (99-140)
5.3 (4.1-6.5) *
11.3(9.5-14.1) *
6.5 (5.6-7.4) *
Table S1: Baseline characteristics of the patients. Numbers are means (SD), medians (25.-75. Percentile), or absolute numbers (percentages).
* indicates a statistically significant difference between the three groups (Kruskal-Wallis test)
2

Age groups years
< 41 n MBP
30
41 to 50 130
51 to 60 282
61 to 70 289
71 to 80 166
80 + 18 inv mm
Hg
90
(85-94)
93
(87-102)
98
(90-109)
99
(91-109)
97
(87-108)
101
(84-112)
MBP noninv mm Hg
94.5
(86-103)
97
(91-103)
100
(92-110)
101
(92-109)
98
(90-110)
96
(83-108)
TT inv msec
88.7
(81.7-
97.5)
77.2
(69.2-
86.7)
65.8
(58.7-
75)
56.7
(49.2-
63.1)
50
(41.7-
56.7)
42.9
(35.8-
50.0)
TT noninv msec
75.6
(68.2-
84.9)
72.5
(65.5-
80.8)
65.6
(57.7-
74.1)
57.4
(49.4-
64.5)
52.9
(46.3-
62.4)
47.1
(38.8-
49.9)
TD inv cm
49.5
(47.0-
53.2)
50
(47.5-
52.2)
51
(49-
53.5)
51
(48.5-
54.0)
51
(48.5-
54.2)
49.7
(47.5-
54.0)
TD sub cm
49
(47.5-
53.0)
50
(46.0-
53.0)
50.5
(47.0-
54.5)
50.5
(47.5-
54.0)
49
(46.0-
53.0)
45.7
(44.0-
49.5)
TD bh cm
52.3
(51.3-
53.5)
51.5
(50.0-
52.5)
50.8
(49.8-
52.0)
50.3
(49.0-
51.5)
49.5
(48.5-
50.5)
47.0
(45.8-
49.3)
Height cm
180.0
(176.0-
185.0)
177.0
(171.0-
181.0)
174.0
(170.0-
179.0)
172.0
(167.0-
177.0)
169.0
(165.0-
173.0)
159.0
(154.0-
168.0) aoPWV inv m/sec
5.6
(4.9-6.2)
6.4
(5.8-7.2)
7.6
(6.8-8.7)
9.1
(8.0-10.2)
10.1
(9.0-12.2)
12.3
(10.3-
14.0) cfPWVsub m/sec
6.3
(5.6-7.1)
6.7
(6.1-7.7)
7.7
(6.8-8.8)
8.9
(7.7-10.4)
9.5
(7.9-11.1)
10.6
(9.2-11.4) aoPWVestim m/sec
5.3
(5.0-5.7)
6.2
(5.8-6.7)
7.4
(6.9-8.1)
9.2
(8.5-9.9)
10.5
(10.0-11.4)
12.2
(11.8-13.0) cfPWVbh m/sec
7
(5.9-7.7)
7.1
(6.4-7.8)
7.8
(6.8-8.7)
8.8
(7.7-10.2)
9.4
(8.0-10.9)
10.1
(9.6-12.2)
Table S2: Pulse wave velocities and their determinants in the entire study population (n=915), stratified across age groups. Numbers are medians
(25.-75. percentile). MBP ... mean blood pressure, TT ... transit time, TDinv ... invasive travel distance, TD subtr ... subtracted travel distance, TDbh ... body height based travel distance, aoPWVinv ... invasive aortic pulse wave velocity, cfPWVsubtr ... subtracted distance-based carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity; aoPWVestim ... estimated aortic pulse wave velocity, cfPWVbh, body-height based formula derived carotis-femoralis pulse wave velocity
3

Age groups years
< 41 yrs
41 to 50
24
51 to 60 200
61 to 70 199
71 to 80 101
80 + n MBP inv mm
94
14
Hg
90.5
(85.0-
95.5)
92
(87-
101)
98
(88.0-
108.0)
98
(92.0-
109.0)
96
(87.0-
108.0)
99.5
(84.0-
112.0)
MBP noninv mm Hg
93.5
(85.5-101)
97.5
(91-104)
100
(92.0-
109.5)
101
(92.0-
110.0)
97
(89.0-
113.0)
96
(83.0-
110.0)
TT inv msec
89.6
57.5
(49.2-
63.1)
50
(43.3-
56.3)
43.3
(39.2-
50.0)
(81.3-
97.5)
75.4
(67.5-
85.0)
65.8
(58.3-
75.0)
TT noninv msec
76.6
56.8
(48.9-
62.5)
52.9
(46.5-
62.4)
47.1
(36.4-
49.9)
(67.4-
84.6)
72.1
(65.0-
80.0)
66.2
(58.5-
74.8)
TD inv cm
49.5
51
(48.5-
54.0)
51
(49.0-
54.2)
49.7
(47.5-
56.0)
(47.2-
53.2)
49.6
(47.5-
52.0)
51
(49.0-
54.0)
TD sub cm
49.0
50
(46.5-
54.0)
50
(47.0-
53.3)
46.2
(44.5-
50.0)
(47.2-
54.0)
50
(46.0-
52.5)
50.5
(48.0-
54.7)
TD dirx0.8 cm
54.4
53.2
(51.2-
56.0)
52.8
(49.6-
56.0)
48.4
(45.6-
52.8)
(52.8-
58.0)
53.6
(51.2-
56.8)
54.4
(51.6-
56.8)
Height cm
179.5
(176.0-
184.0)
177
(171-
180)
174
(170.5-
180)
172
(167-
177)
170
(165-
173)
160.5
(154-
170) aoPWVinv m/sec
5.6
(4.9-6.2)
6.6
(5.8-7.3)
7.7
(6.7-8.9)
8.9
(8.1-10.2)
10.2
(9.0-12.0)
11.7
(10.3-13.6) cfPWVsub m/sec
6.2
(5.7-7.1)
6.7
(6.2-7.6)
7.7
(6.8-8.6)
8.9
(7.8-10.5)
9.1
(8.1-11.1)
10.8
(9.2-12.8) cfPWVdir0.8 m/sec
7.3
(6.7-7.9)
7.3
(6.7-8.4)
8.1
(7.5-9.3)
9.3
(8.5-11.1)
9.8
(8.6-11.3)
11.2
(10.4-12.7) aoPWVest m/sec
5.2
(4.9-5.7)
6.2
(5.9-6.7)
7.4
(7.0-8.1)
9.2
(8.5-9.9)
10.6
(10.1-11.4)
12.2
(11.2-12.7)
Table S3: Pulse wave velocities and their determinants in the cohort with direct distance measurements (n=632), stratified across age groups.
Numbers are medians (25.-75. percentile). CfPWVdir0.8 ... direct distance x 0.8 based carotis-femoralis pulse wave velocity; other abbreviations see
Table S2
4

Age groups years
< 41
41 to
50
51 to
60
61 to
70 n MBP inv
8 mm
Hg
90
38
(88.0-
92.5)
94.5
(89.0-
104.0)
106 97.0
(90.0-
105.0)
112 98.5
(90.0-
MBP noninv mm Hg
100
(88.5-
108.8)
101.5
(95.0-
110.0)
103.0
(95.0-
111.0)
104.5
(96.0-
TT inv msec
86.2
(80.6-
93.1)
74.5
(67.3-
88.3)
67.1
(57.5-
76.7)
57.6
(50.0-
TT noninv msec
71.2
(64.3-
87.0)
72.5
(64.9-
80.2)
65.1
(57.3-
73.7)
55.8
(47.8-
TD inv cm
49.2
(48.5-
54.5)
50.5
(47.5-
54.0)
51.2
(49.0-
54.0)
51.0
(49.0-
TD sub cm
50.7
(46.0-
55.2)
49.0
(45.0-
52.0)
50.0
(47.0-
54.0)
48.7
(46.0-
TD caliper cm
46.2
(39.5-
51.0)
46.0
(43.0-
49.0)
46.0
(43.0-
49.0)
45.0
(42.5-
Height cm
181.5
(175.5-
185.0)
175
(168.0-
180.0)
175.0
(171.0-
180.0)
170
(166.0aoPWVinv m/sec
5.8
(5.5-6.2)
6.6
(6.1-7.4)
7.7
(6.7-8.8)
9.0
(8.0-10.4) cfPWVsub m/sec
6.4
(5.5-7.5)
6.6
(6.1-7.6)
7.6
(6.7-9.0)
8.8
(7.7-10.6) cfPWVcaliper m/sec
5.6
6.2
7.0
(5.1-6.9)
(5.8-7.2)
(6.2-8.2)
8.0
(7.1-9.6) aoPWVest m/sec
5.5
(5.1-5.8)
6.5
(5.8-6.9)
7.6
(7.1-8.4)
9.3
(8.7-10.0)
71 to
80
108.0)
64 94.5
(89.0-
108.0)
111.0)
99.0
(89.5-
112.5)
64.2)
50.4
(43.7-
56.7)
62.2)
52.0
(43.8-
59.2)
54.4)
50.5
(48.5-
54.2)
52.5)
49.0
(46.0-
52.7)
47.5)
44.5
(42.0-
48.0)
176.0)
169.5
(165.0-
173.0)
10.2
(9.1-12.2)
9.8
(7.8-11.5)
8.8
(7.3-10.5)
10.7
(10.0-11.6)
80 + 8 94.0
(84.0-
115.0)
101.5
(89.0-
111.0)
42.9
(37.5-
50.4)
40.1
(32.4-
51.0)
49.7
(47.5-
55.2)
46.2
(45.2-
48.2)
43.7
(41.2-
45.7)
160.5
(154.5-
169.0)
12.3
(9.0-14.2)
11.9
(9.8-14.0)
10.6
(8.9-13.3)
12.7
(12.4-13.2)
Table S4: Pulse wave velocities and their determinantes in the cohort with caliper measurements of travel distance (n=336), stratified across age groups. Numbers are medians (25.-75. percentile); cfPWVcalip ... caliper-based carotis-femoralis pulse wave velocity, other abbreviations see Table
S2 and S3
5

Age
Angioscore
LVMass
Ntpro-BNP
LA diameter
E´med
E / E`med
S´med aoPWVinv cfPWV sub cfPWVdir0.8
cfPWV bh aoPWVestim
0.68 0.48*§ 0.46*§ 0.47*§ 0.91#
0.25 0.12* 0.11* 0.09*§ 0.18
LV EDP 0.27
CreaClearence -0.46
0.27
0.21
0.29
-0.46
0.31
-0.28
0.22
-0.28*§
0.27
0.21
0.23§
-0.35*§
0.29§
-0.19*§
0.22
-0.28*§
0.27
0.19
0.21*§
-0.34*§
0.29§
-0.17*§
0.19*
-0.34*§
0.28
0.15
0.23§
-0.33*§
0.27§
-0.19*§
0.23
-0.61#
0.33
0.16
0.37#
-0.51
0.38#
-0.31
Table S5: Univariate correlations between PWVs and intermediate cardiovascular endpoints in 536 patients with preserved systolic function, in whom direct distance measurements were available. * indicates a statistically significant different relationship with aoPWVinv, as compared to noninvasive cfPWVs. # indicates a statistically significant different relationship with aoPWVest, as compared to aoPWVinv. § indicates a statistically significant different relationship with aoPWVest, as compared to noninvasive cfPWVs.
LVEDP ... left ventriculat enddiastolic pressure, LVM ... left ventricular mass; BSA ... body surface area, LA ... left atrium, aoPWVinv ... invasive aortic pulse wave velocity, cfPWVsubtr ... subtracted distance-based carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity; cfPWVdir0.8 ... direct distance x 0.8 based carotis-femoralis pulse wave velocity; cfPWVbh, body-height based formula derived carotis-femoralis pulse wave velocity; aoPWVestim ... estimated aortic pulse wave velocity
6

Figure S1: Bland-Altman plot comparing invasive aortic pulse wave velocity (aoPWVinv) and subtracted-distance based carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWVsub) in 915 patients. Mean difference was 0.1 m/sec, 1 standard deviation was 2m/sec.
7

Figure S2: Bland-Altman plot comparing invasive aortic pulse wave velocity (aoPWVinv) and body-height - distance based carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWVbh) in 915 patients. Mean difference was 0.1 m/sec, 1 standard deviation was 2 m/sec.
8

Figure S3: Bland-Altman plot comparing invasive aortic pulse wave velocity (aoPWVinv) and estimated aortic pulse wave velocity (aoPWVestim) in
915 patients. Mean difference was 0.2 m/sec, 1 standard deviation was 1.6 m/sec.
9

Figure S4: Bland-Altman plot comparing invasive aortic pulse wave velocity (aoPWVinv) and direct distance x 0.8 – based carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWVdir0.8) in 632 patients. Mean difference was 0.5 m/sec, 1 standard deviation was 1.9 m/sec.
10

Figure S5: Bland-Altman plot comparing invasive aortic pulse wave velocity (aoPWVinv) and caliper-based carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity
(cfPWVcalip) in 336 patients. Mean difference was 0.8 m/sec, 1 standard deviation was 2.1 m/sec.
11

Figure S6: Invasive aortic pulse wave velocity (aoPWVinv) in our study vs carotid-femoral pulse wvae velocity (cfPWV) from the ACCT trial (1).
12

References:
1. McEniery CM, Yasmin, Hall IR, et al. Normal vascular aging: differential effects on wave reflection and aortic pulse wave velocity: the Anglo-
Cardiff Collaborative Trial (ACCT). Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2005;46:1753-60.
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