ED 555 Exam
1. A research approach that does not produce generalizable results is:
a. Action research
b. Historical research
c. Grounded theory research
d. Phenomenology
2. Research in which the researcher can manipulate the independent variable is:
a. Descriptive research
b. Correlational research
c. Causal comparative research
d. Experimental research
3. Qualitative research in which interviews are the predominant source of data is most likely:
a. Narrative research
b. Phenomenological research
c. Case study research
d. Grounded theory research
4. Qualitative problem statements include descriptions of:
a. Group, independent variable, dependent variable
b. Group, hypothesis, intended outcome of the research
c. Group, setting, topic
d. Group, theoretical construct, intended outcome of the research
5. Case study research is defined as a study of:
a. Individuals
b. Focus groups
c. A bounded system
d. Cultural systems
6. A results section in a research report includes:
a. Analysis of the impact of the research on schools
b. Description of the limitations of the study
c. Description of the rationale for instruments used in the study
d. Summary of gathered data
7. The main function of a research report introduction is to:
a. Define the sample in the study
b. Establish the importance of the research question
c. Review important topics related to the research
d. State hypotheses
8. The type of literature that takes the longest to get published is usually:
a. Books
b. Policy journal articles
c. Original research
d. Conference presentations
9. A meta-analysis is a:
a. Statistical analysis of multiple studies simultaneously
b. Critique of a previously published piece of research
c. Study that focuses on thinking processes
d. An analysis of research processes
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ED 555 Exam
10. Which of the following is not available in an EBSCO search result:
a. Publisher
b. Related search terms
c. APA citation
d. Author’s university affiliation
11. With an interview you should use:
a. Remuneration for the interviewee
b. An interview protocol
c. An additional person to record the interview
d. Permission from the interviewee’s supervisor
12. To analyze interview data you must:
a. Have the interviewee’s permission
b. Transcribe the interview
c. Have named the interviewee in the IRB proposal
d. Have analyzed all previous interviews first
13. If those being observed know the researcher is there doing the observation this:
a. Is called practical observation
b. Requires video recording
c. May be a threat to external validity
d. Should only be done on the second observation
14. When observing you should:
a. Keep notes on observational procedures
b. Take frequent breaks
c. Change you position in the room at least 3 times
d. Do analysis of your notes while you are observing
15. Member checking is:
a. Keeping a list of participants during an observation
b. Checking to see if interview or observation data fits existing themes
c. Having participants review conclusions
d. Having a colleague complete a parallel observation
16. Collecting and comparing data using multiple strategies is called:
a. Triangulation
b. Peer briefing
c. Referential adequacy
d. Negative case analysis
17. In order to support the trustworthiness characteristic of transferability researchers use:
a. Reflexive journals
b. Audit trails
c. Peer briefing
d. Thick description
18. In a qualitative results section the most common method is to present:
a. A transcript of interviews or observations
b. Themes and exemplars
c. Diagrams
d. Negative case analysis
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ED 555 Exam
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19. Using developmentally inappropriate language in a survey is a form of:
a. Checking for respondent accuracy
b. Generalizability
c. Bias
d. Measurement variation
20. Which of the following is a common process-oriented characteristic of qualitative research?
a. Make conclusions saying that the findings can apply to a much larger population
b. Random sampling to select participants
c. Thick narrative description
d. Standardized tests and measures
21. The use of pseudonyms for students in your class in qualitative research can:
a. provide your research decreased confidentiality.
b. provide your research participant anonymity.
c. provide your research decreased anonymity.
d. provide your research increased confidentiality.
22. Juanita conducts qualitative research. She is particularly interested in the challenges of
school/community relationships when schools have to be closed due to finances. Which of the following
approaches to data collection is Juanita likely to rely on most heavily?
a. A quantitative test
b. Student achievement records
c. Participant interviews
d. Testing of group means
23. Which of the following is a typical characteristic of a qualitative research study?
a. Saying the findings apply to a larger population
b. Control over contextual factors
c. Data collection is ongoing
d. Specifies statistical procedures for data analysis
24. IRB stands for:
a. Interagency Review Board.
b. Institutional Review Board.
c. Interagency Research Board.
d. Institutional Research Board.
25. Researchers must obtain approval from the IRB prior to:
a. collecting research data.
b. conducting a literature review.
c. developing a research plan.
d. generating a hypothesis.
26. SueAnn is conducting a study at the local skating area on youths' use of slang language as part of
completion of her Capstone and will ask some personal and family questions of the people there and plans
to publish her results. She is unsure if she needs to submit her research to the IRB and asks for you to
respond in relation to UP guidelines for research and IRBs. How would you respond?
a. She needs IRB permission because of she is a research student at UP and because of participant
personal privacy.
b. She does not need IRB permission because she is publishing findings.
c. She does not need IRB permission because of anonymity.
d. She does not need IRB permission because there is no deception.
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27. Which of the following illustrates anonymity?
a. Kelly does not know who participated in her study, so she can't report their names.
b. After interviewing participants, the researcher assigns each participant a pseudonym.
c. Although she can identify responses on the attitude measure by their handwriting, Kate does
not report the names.
d. Kristi replaces the participants' names on their research materials with a random number.
28. Qualitative research is often conducted in order to:
a. develop a theory.
b. control independent variables.
c. study participants’ behaviors and perspectives over time.
d. generalize research findings to a broad number of situations.
29. When choosing a research topic for your Capstone, all but one of the following is suggested:
a. Choose a manageable topic.
b. Choose something with which you are very emotionally involved in the outcome.
c. Choose a topic that will hold your interest for at about a year.
d. Choose a topic that has educational significance.
30. Jody needs to conduct a study for her research methods course. She is interested in studying home
schooling. She begins the study believing that students who are home-schooled cannot develop adequate
social skills. As part of her study, she will be observing home-schooled children in social settings. Given
Jody’s beliefs already, she must be particularly cautious in her study not to introduce:
a. observer bias.
b. observer effect.
c. negative case effect.
d. response bias.
31. Identify the independent variable in the following quantitative hypothesis. Children who are given a
free breakfast at school the morning of their achievement tests perform better on those achievement tests
than those children who are not given a free breakfast before the achievement tests.
a. achievement tests
b. free breakfast
c. motivation
d. children
32. While collecting data through observation at a hockey game for a qualitative study, Sven is astonished
by what he thinks is violently aggressive behavior. How should Sven address this astonishment in his
research field notes?
a. Sven should include his reaction/reflection as part of his factual description in his field notes.
b. Sven should include his reaction/reflection in his field notes separate from his description of
the facts.
c. Sven should cover his eyes when he sees violently aggressive behavior.
d. Sven should not record his personal reaction anywhere.
33. Peggy is planning to conduct a study in a small rural school. She recognizes it is important to include
a full description of the setting information in her study. Where should Peggy place this information?
a. Literature review
b. Method
c. Results
d. Discussion
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34. What is a dependent variable?
a. A variable hypothesized to account for differences in another variable.
b. The measure of a characteristic of individuals in a group.
c. A variable predicted from another variable.
d. A variable that has been freed from its dependency on a parent variable.
35. Ed is writing up his Capstone study. His study was a survey study of parent satisfaction with current
IB course offerings across different schools in the province. Where in the report should Ed describe the
survey, including the number of items, the measurements scale, and types of questions?
a. Results
b. Appendix
c. Methods
d. Introduction
36. Kevin schedules a meeting to sit down with a small group of teachers to discuss their struggles
teaching with technology. He allows the conversation to go wherever the teachers take it, occasionally
asking questions based upon what they say. This type of interview process is best described as:
a. Structured formal
b. Unstructured and open-ended
c. Spontaneous
d. A questionnaire
37. Cassie, a qualitative researcher, conducted focus groups for her Capstone. She would like to include
just a couple of essential quotes from her interviews in her report. Where will she likely include these
quotes?
a. Literature Review
b. Abstract
c. Method
d. Introduction
e. Results
38. Piren conducted a study into the characteristics of minority women who pursue mathematics degrees.
Some of her results from her study suggest that social economic status (SES) is an important factor in
predicting which women continue in math and which do not. Additionally, parents' educational
background was the largest SES predictor variable. Piren will address each of her results in relation to her
hypothesis and her literature review in which section of her research report?
a. Literature Review
b. Results
c. Appendix
d. Method
e. Conclusions
39. The best measure of central tendency to use with an ordinal measurement scale is:
a. Mean
b. Median
c. Standard deviation
d. Chi square
40. Measurement scales that use unordered categorical responses is:
a. Nominal
b. Ordinal
c. Interval
d. Ratio
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41. Content validity refers to:
a. Comparison of the performance of an instrument to other instruments
b. Generalizability of the study results
c. Ethical use of instruments
d. An instrument covering all the components of a construct
42. When a philosophical system outlines what is true it is referred to as:
a. Metaphysics
b. Epistemology
c. Axiology
d. Logic
43. The philosophical system most associated with the scientific method is:
a. Idealism
b. Realism
c. Pragmatism
d. Existentialism
44. When a teacher is very interested in helping students with their self-esteem she is probably working in
the philosophical orientation of:
a. Idealism
b. Realism
c. Pragmatism
d. Existentialism
45. Emphasis is shown in APA style writing with:
a. Quotation marks
b. Underlining
c. Italics
d. Bold
46. All APA references end in a period except:
a. Personal communications and blogs
b. URLs and television shows
c. State statutes and personal communications
d. URLs and DOIs
47. In research report writing, metaphors should be:
a. In italic
b. Avoided
c. Used only in the introduction
d. Instead of similes