Electronic supplementary materials S1: Variables primarily considered in the analysis. Each variable corresponds to values of 10×10 km UTM squares. Variables source Topographical Altitude Slope Cimatic average annual temperature average annual precipitation solar radiation at ground (Total) solar radiation at ground (Activity period) solar radiation at ground (spring) solar radiation at ground (summer) solar radiation at ground (autumn) Land-use habitats Distance to forest Distance to schrubs Distance to open areas Lithological variables Distance to granitic layer Distance to limestone layer Distance to sediment layer Distance to metamorphic layer Worldclim derived from altitude Worldclim Worldclim Worldclim Worldclim Worldclim Worldclim Worldclim Corine (categ 23, 24, 25) Corine (categ 26, 27, 28, 29) Corine (categ 30, 31, 32, 33, 34) One Geology One Geology One Geology One Geology Electronic supplementary materials S2: The accuracy of interpolations performed by Kriging was evaluated by several metrics: the mean error that should be close to 0, the rootmean-square error that should be the smallest possible, the root-mean-square standardised error that should be close to 1, and the average standard error. The zigzag characters interpolated were: the total number of dorsal marks along the body (# Marks), the number of scales inside the zigzag (# ZZ scales), the percentage of scales inside the zigzag (% ZZ scales), the number of dorsal scale longitudinal rows (# rows), and the number of dorsal marks in the body portion (# marks area). N Mean root-mean-square mean standardized root-mean-square standardized Avg standard error spatial meaning # Marks # ZZ scales % ZZ scales # rows # marks_area 143 178 178 178 178 0.078 0.017 -0.004 0.007 -0.020 4.135 7.381 7.126 0.807 0.796 0.013 0.001 -0.001 0.006 -0.025 0.942 0.987 1.062 1.021 1.050 4.352 7.479 6.690 0.788 0.750 yes yes yes no no