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Table S1. Examples of human activities (or outcomes of human activities) that affect predation risk and resource needs/availability and resulting
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direction of change in net predation risk for prey. See Fig. 1 for conceptual diagram of how these human impacts affect prey traits.
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Type of human impact
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Example of human activity or outcome
Impacts on predators
Predator harvest
Predator extinction
Predator size structure alteration
Predator behaviour alteration
Predator introduction
Predator replenishment
Mesopredator release
Risk effect
mechanism
Predation risk
Predation risk
Predation risk
Predation risk
Predation risk
Predation risk
Predation risk
Direction of
risk change
- or +
- or +
+
+
+
Impacts on physical environments
Habitat alteration
Water clarity (visibility) alteration
Prey risk detection alteration
Prey escape ability alteration
Predation risk
Predation risk
Predation risk
Predation risk
- or +
- or +
- or +
- or +
Impacts on predator/prey energetics
Predator energetic needs alteration
Prey energetic needs alteration
Predator physiology alteration
Prey physiology alteration
Prey subsidies to predators alteration
Prey resource availability alteration
Resource needs
Resource needs
Resource needs
Resource needs
Resource availability
Resource availability
- or +
- or +
- or +
- or +
- or +
- or +
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References
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