Issue #, Date
The Daily Explosion
Lorem Ipsum Dolor
People Out There
Effects Of Explosion
Volcanologists
predict volcanic
eruptions…
The eruption of
this Icelandic…
volcano
Evacuation in Iceland
The Story of
Hannah Andrews
Dormant Volcano Erupts In Iceland, Leaving Chaos
In Its Wake Katharina Friege
June 14, 2010 – The Eyjafjallajokull
Volcano, dormant for almost 200
years, erupted for the first time
early on the 21st of March this year.
The last major eruption of this
volcano occurred in 1821 and lasted
over a year! On top of that,
whenever the volcano, situated to
the north of Skógar, erupted, so has
its larger next-door neighbor, Katla.
So far there have been no news
reports on any activity from Katla
though. Now it is June, the volcano
returned to its dormant state in the
end of May and Europe’s population
can rest easily with the assuring
sound of planes overhead once
more. But what exactly happened in
Iceland earlier this year?
Eyjafjallajokull erupted twice, in
March and then again in April.
Twice Europe experienced chaos as
airports closed down, flights were
cancelled and ash clouds hovered
above everybody’s head. The
volcano in Iceland is the smaller of
two adjacent volcanoes. The first
eruption was rated as a 1 on the
Volcanic Explosivity Index. By April
14th the eruption had escalated and
unleashed a large cloud of ash,
closing down airports and
preventing millions of travelers
from flying. This is not the only
consequential activity due to the
volcano. The Eyjafjallajokull
volcano caused some flooding in
the area as well, due to the heat of
the seismic activity prior to the
volcanic eruption.
The people living in the area were
evacuated safely and no one died
or was injured. The ash fall has also
caused minor difficulties in
farming, particularly grazing any
animals. Because the ash could be
dangerous, many farmers chose to
move their animals indoors.
This latest eruption has caused
significant mayhem. However, if
so many flights had not been
disturbed, the eruption would have
been interesting only to scientists
and people living in the volcanic
region. It would have been
classified as relatively small.
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People Out There
Shannon Smith
Volcanology is the scientific
study of volcanoes and
volcanic phenomena (ash,
bombs etc.).
Volcanologists
predict
volcanic eruptions through
careful monitoring of a
volcanos vital signs with
seismometes. These can be
used
to
pinpoint
earthquakes, tracking the
rise of magma and its
movement along fissures.
Other Instruments pick up on
gases such as SO2 and CO2.
Some Volcanologist do not
only rely on the use of
scientific instruments but
measure the tilt of an
mountain providing additional
information
about
the
breathing of a volcano as
magma moves inside it.
However, volcanologist cannot
predict the outcome of all
volcanic activities, all volcanos
are unique! The pattern of
volcanic eruptions differ from
one volcano to another, some
signs may not occur before an
eruption, at the same time
volcanos
change
their
eruption pattern. Which is,
due to the information of
Volcanologists,
what
is
happening in Iceland.
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The eruption of the Eyjafjallajokull Volcano
was predicted by Volcanologists. In the
weeks before the eruption, high rates of
deformation connect with the rise of
magma beneath the volcano were noted
by Icelandic scientists. Three weeks after
the first eruption under an ice free area,
the Volcanologists registered activities in
the ice-filled summit caldera, as well as a
swarm of earthquakes. The second
eruption phase was more explosive and as
Volcanologists
describe
it
"phreatomagmatic", which is a reaction of
melted glacier water and the volcanos
magma.
Like many Volcanologists, the Icelandic
Researcher Trønnes had his attention
focused on the effect of the ongoing eruptions
of Eyjafjallajokull on Katla. Katla, the bigger
neighbor of Eyjafjallajokull, is situated 12
kilometers further east and was always
expected to be the more dangerous and
reactive of the two .The volcano situated to
the east of Eyjafjallajokull
and buried under the
Mýrdalsjökull
glacier,
which is Iceland's fourth
largest ice sheet, erupts
every century at least
twice. The last eruption
was 100 years ago. If
Katla erupts, it will cause
the glacier above to melt
and cause floods. Due to
no obvious reaction of
Katla on the eruptions,
Trønnes thinks that
either the volcano has
changed its behavior or
that the eruption of
Eyjafjallajokull drained
the
vast
magma
reservoirs that would
feed any eruption of
Katla due to their magma
veins being connected
and shared.
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Evacuation in Iceland – Forced to
Leave Home
By Camille Sauvaitre
Hanna Lara Andrews is an Icelandic citizen who lived
right next to the Icelandic volcano. When the volcano
started to erupted. She had to leave her house very
quickly without taking anything with her husband and
her children. "I had a bag ready because of the recent
earthquakes in the area and grabbed a few things we
might need for a couple of days and we went as
quickly as possible" Hannah said. She saws his
“neighbor”, this volcano erupting “ like a mushroom”
with her family, including her in-laws.
She keeps can’t believe it. "It is a huge shock to us all
and it doesn't seem real at all” she says to the BBC.
The government is now trying to help her, like for the
1000 others families that are in the same case as
Hannah’s family.
Fly Safe All The Time!!!
Cheap Prices, Book Now!!!
The innovative airline company British Airways has
been able to develop an amazing new engine in
response to the disastrous volcanic eruptions in
Iceland. When the volcano erupted in March this year,
millions of people were not able to fly, causing chaos
and anger throughout almost all European airports.
The volcanic ash is not only dangerous to asthmatic
people remaining on land but it can be deathly for a
plane’s engine if it is flying through the vast grey
mass. This is because the ash coats and clogs the
plane’s engine parts. But now, British Airways is
offering a new plane with specially treated engine
parts, making it safe to fly through any type of cloud.
Go for a safe holiday – Go for British Airways
By Katharina Friege
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The Effects of the Volcano in Iceland
The eruption of this Icelandic
volcano had an important
number of effects.
First, the airplane company
had, after the eruption, a lot of
losses at the money point. In
fact, the companies had to
close their flights for more than
a week! Almost every airport in
Europe had to close their doors
because the ashes cloud.
European Governments lost a
lot of money because of the
volcano, but also because of the
aids that they tried to send to
he countries to get back their
citizens.
In Iceland this volcano had also a
lot of bad effects. The farmers
living right next to the volcano
(there are a lot) lost their
cultivated lands. Almost a
thousand people had to leave
their homes.
more than 800€ !
Now, the Icelandic government
tries to give back these houses
to those families.
Every single country touched by
the cloud, discuss about how,
they can rent money and pay
back the people who’s had to
buy a ticket to come back. A
ticket for the Euro Star from
England to France went up to
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Informative Volcanoes – In the Heart of the Explosion
The active volcanoes of the worlds tend to be associated with plate
boundaries, an exception are the hotspots of Hawaii. Volcanoes will erupt
when there is movement between the plates due to the movement causing
friction and causing molten lava to erupt. A volcanoe is a vent in the earths
crust through which molten magma, hot gases, and other fluids escape to the
surface of the land or, in certain cases, the bottom of the sea. Volcanoes are
classified into different groups based on their shape. These volcanic structures
are, composite volcanoes, shield volcanoes, cinder cone, splatter cone and
complex volcanoes.
Seismologists assume that the asthenosphere, which extends from depths of
about 75 and 250 km, is the only reign in the earth’s mantel that is partially
molten. The Asthenosphere is therefore the main source of lava for a volcano,
however the lithosphere may provide another source of magma by re-melting
its sections. In certain places where the lithosphere is cracked or weakened,
the magma rises squeezed up by the weight of the overlaying crust, when it
reaches the surface it erupts as lava forming a volcanic eruption.
Volcanic Products can be classified under three main heading: gaseous
products including water called Volatiles, liquid products other than water by
the name of Lava, and Pyroclastic rocks which are solid products.
Eyjafjallajokull
In the fist phase of the two eruption phases, the eruption was characterized
by fire fountains and lava flows. The Second phase, three weeks later, was
more explosive and generated volcanic ash. In combination with the melt
water, it causes floods, as well as steam and ash drifts.
By Shannon Smith