Ammonium Hydroxide NH4OH Hazards Identification Emergency Overview POISON! DANGER! CORROSIVE. MAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED OR INHALED. MIST AND VAPOR CAUSE BURNS TO EVERY AREA OF CONTACT. Health Rating: 3 - Severe (Poison) Flammability Rating: 1 - Slight Reactivity Rating: 2 - Moderate Contact Rating: 3 - Severe (Corrosive) Potential Health Effects Inhalation: Vapors and mists cause irritation to the respiratory tract. Higher concentrations can cause burns, pulmonary edema and death. Brief exposure to 5000 ppm can be fatal. Ingestion: Toxic! May cause corrosion to the esophagus and stomach with perforation and peritonitis. Symptoms may include pain in the mouth, chest, and abdomen, with coughing, vomiting and collapse. Ingestion of as little as 3-4 mL may be fatal. Skin Contact: Causes irritation and burns to the skin. Eye Contact: Vapors cause irritation. Splashes cause severe pain, eye damage, and permanent blindness. Chronic Exposure: Repeated exposure may cause damage to the tissues of the mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract, eyes and skin. First Aid Measures Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Call a physician immediately. Ingestion: If swallowed, DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Give large quantities of water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical attention immediately. Skin Contact: Immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Call a physician, immediately. Wash clothing before reuse. Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes with gentle but large stream of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting lower and upper eyelids occasionally. Call a physician immediately. Immediate action is critical to minimize possibility of blindness. AMMONIUM THIOCYANATE NH4SCN Hazards Identification Emergency Overview WARNING! HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED. CAUSES IRRITATION TO SKIN, EYES AND RESPIRATORY TRACT. Health Rating: 2 - Moderate Flammability Rating: 1 - Slight Reactivity Rating: 1 - Slight Contact Rating: 1 - Slight Potential Health Effects Inhalation: Causes irritation to the respiratory tract. Symptoms may include coughing, shortness of breath. Ingestion: May cause vomiting, disorientation, weakness, low blood pressure, convulsions and death, which may be delayed. The probable lethal dose is between 15-30 grams. Skin Contact: Causes irritation to skin. Symptoms include redness, itching, and pain. Eye Contact: Causes irritation, redness, and pain. Chronic Exposure: Prolonged or repeated skin exposure may cause dermatitis. Repeated ingestion of small amounts may cause hives, abnormal bleeding, weight loss, mental effects, and an enlarged thyroid. First Aid Measures Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention. Ingestion: Induce vomiting immediately as directed by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical attention. Skin Contact: Immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical attention. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting lower and upper eyelids occasionally. Get medical attention immediately. Barium nitrate Ba(NO3)2 Hazards Identification Emergency Overview DANGER! STRONG OXIDIZER. CONTACT WITH OTHER MATERIAL MAY CAUSE FIRE. MAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED. HARMFUL IF INHALED. CAUSES IRRITATION TO SKIN, EYES AND RESPIRATORY TRACT. AFFECTS MUSCLES (INCLUDING THE HEART), AND CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Health Rating: 3 - Severe (Poison) Flammability Rating: 1 - Slight Reactivity Rating: 3 - Severe (Oxidizer) Contact Rating: 2 - Moderate Inhalation: Causes irritation to the respiratory tract. Symptoms may include coughing, shortness of breath. Systemic poisoning may occur with symptoms similar to those of ingestion. Ingestion: Toxic! May cause tightness of the muscles of the face and neck, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, muscular tremors, anxiety, weakness, labored breathing, cardiac irregularity, convulsions, and death from cardiac and respiratory failure. Estimated lethal dose lies between 1 to 15 grams. Death may occur within hours or up to a few days. May cause kidney damage. Skin Contact: Causes irritation to skin. Symptoms include redness, itching, and pain. Eye Contact: Causes irritation, redness, and pain. Chronic Exposure: No information found. First Aid Measures Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention. Ingestion: Get medical attention immediately. Induce vomiting immediately as directed by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. After vomiting, a mixture of 1 tablespoon of sodium or magnesium sulfate (Epsom salts) dissolved in 8 oz. of water to drink maybe indicated to precipitate the barium as the nontoxic and insoluble barium sulfate. Skin Contact: Immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical attention. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower eyelids occasionally. Get medical attention. Note to Physician: Monitor patients with significant ingestion for respiratory, cardiovascular, and blood pressure status. Calcium chloride CaCl2 Hazards Identification Emergency Overview WARNING! CAUSES IRRITATION TO SKIN, EYES AND RESPIRATORY TRACT. HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED OR INHALED. Health Rating: 1 - Slight Flammability Rating: 0 - None Reactivity Rating: 0 - None Contact Rating: 2 - Moderate Potential Health Effects Inhalation: Granular material does not pose a significant inhalation hazard, but inhalation of dust may cause irritation to the respiratory tract, with symptoms of coughing and shortness of breath. Ingestion: Low toxicity material but ingestion may cause serious irritation of the mucous membrane due to heat of hydrolysis. Large amounts can cause gastrointestinal upset, vomiting, abdominal pain. Skin Contact: Solid may cause mild irritation on dry skin; strong solutions or solid in contact with moist skin may cause severe irritation, even burns. Eye Contact: Hazard may be either mechanical abrasion or, more serious, burns from heat of hydrolysis and chloride irritation. Chronic Exposure: No information found. First Aid Measures Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention. Ingestion: Induce vomiting immediately as directed by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical attention. Skin Contact: Wipe off excess material from skin then immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical attention. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting lower and upper eyelids occasionally. Get medical attention immediately. Note to Physician: Oral ingestion may cause serum acidosis. Cobalt nitrate Co(NO3)2 Hazards Identification Emergency Overview DANGER! STRONG OXIDIZER. CONTACT WITH OTHER MATERIAL MAY CAUSE FIRE. HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED OR INHALED. CAUSES IRRITATION TO SKIN, EYES AND RESPIRATORY TRACT. MAY CAUSE ALLERGIC SKIN OR RESPIRATORY REACTION. CHRONIC EXPOSURE MAY AFFECT THYROID, LUNGS, HEART, AND KIDNEYS. Health Rating: 3 - Severe (Cancer Causing) Flammability Rating: 0 - None Reactivity Rating: 3 - Severe (Oxidizer) Contact Rating: 2 - Moderate Potential Health Effects Inhalation: Causes irritation to the respiratory tract, symptoms may include coughing, shortness of breath, and nausea. Respiratory hypersensitivity, asthma may appear. Inhalation of cobalt dust and fumes is associated with an increased incidence of lung disease. Ingestion: Toxic. Causes abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, flushing of the face and ears, mild hypotension, rash, and ringing in the ears. May have cumulative toxic action where elimination cannot keep pace with absorption. Large amounts depress erythrocyte production. Skin Contact: Causes irritation to skin. Symptoms include redness, itching, and pain. May cause dermatitis. Eye Contact: Causes irritation, redness, and pain. Chronic Exposure: Repeated oral administration may produce goiter and reduced thyroid activity. Prolonged or repeated skin exposure may cause dermatitis. Chronic exposure associated with kidney, heart and lung damage.. First Aid Measures Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention. Ingestion: Induce vomiting immediately as directed by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical attention. Skin Contact: Wipe off excess material from skin then immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical attention. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting lower and upper eyelids occasionally. Get medical attention immediately. Cupric Sulfate CuSO4 Hazards Identification Emergency Overview WARNING! HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED. AFFECTS THE LIVER AND KIDNEYS. CAUSES IRRITATION TO SKIN, EYES AND RESPIRATORY TRACT. Health Rating: 2 - Moderate Flammability Rating: 0 - None Reactivity Rating: 0 - None Contact Rating: 2 - Moderate Potential Health Effects Inhalation: Causes irritation to respiratory tract, symptoms may include coughing, sore throat, and shortness of breath. May result in ulceration and perforation of respiratory tract. When heated, this compound may give off copper fume, which can cause symptoms similar to the common cold, including chills and stuffiness of the head. Ingestion: May cause burning pain in the mouth, esophagus, and stomach. Hemorrhagic gastritis, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, metallic taste, and diarrhea may occur. If vomiting does not occur immediately systemic copper poisoning may occur. Symptoms may include capillary damage, headache, cold sweat, weak pulse, kidney and liver damage, central nervous excitation followed by depression, jaundice, convulsions, blood effects, paralysis and coma. Death may occur from shock or renal failure. Fatalities have occurred as a result of ingesting gram quantities of copper sulfate. Skin Contact: May cause irritation, itching, redness. Contact with extensively burned skin may cause poisoning. Eye Contact: Dust may cause irritation. Contact may cause conjunctivitis, ulceration, or clouding of the cornea. Chronic Exposure: Prolonged or repeated skin exposure may cause dermatitis. Prolonged or repeated exposure to dusts of copper salts may cause discoloration of the skin or hair, blood and liver damage, ulceration and perforation of the nasal septum, runny nose, metallic taste, and atrophic changes and irritation of the mucous membranes. First Aid Measures Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Call a physician. Ingestion: Induce vomiting immediately as directed by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Call a physician immediately. Skin Contact: In case of contact, wipe off excess material from skin then immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. Call a physician. Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting lower and upper eyelids occasionally. Get medical attention Hydrochloric Acid HCl Hazards Identification Emergency Overview POISON! DANGER! CORROSIVE. LIQUID AND MIST CAUSE SEVERE BURNS TO ALL BODY TISSUE. MAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED OR INHALED. INHALATION MAY CAUSE LUNG DAMAGE. Health Rating: 3 - Severe (Poison) Flammability Rating: 0 - None Reactivity Rating: 2 - Moderate Contact Rating: 3 - Severe (Corrosive) Potential Health Effects Inhalation: Corrosive! Inhalation of vapors can cause coughing, choking, inflammation of the nose, throat, and upper respiratory tract, and in severe cases, pulmonary edema, circulatory failure, and death. Ingestion: Corrosive! Swallowing hydrochloric acid can cause immediate pain and burns of the mouth, throat, esophagus and gastrointestinal tract. May cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Swallowing may be fatal. Skin Contact: Corrosive! Can cause redness, pain, and severe skin burns. Concentrated solutions cause deep ulcers and discolor skin. Eye Contact: Corrosive! Vapors are irritating and may cause damage to the eyes. Contact may cause severe burns and permanent eye damage. Chronic Exposure: Long-term exposure to concentrated vapors may cause erosion of teeth. Long term exposures seldom occur due to the corrosive properties of the acid. First Aid Measures Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention immediately. Ingestion: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING! Give large quantities of water or milk if available. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical attention immediately. Skin Contact: In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Get medical attention immediately. Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting lower and upper eyelids occasionally. Get medical attention immediately. Potassium Chromate K2CrO4 Hazards Identification Emergency Overview DANGER! STRONG OXIDIZER. CONTACT WITH OTHER MATERIAL MAY CAUSE A FIRE. CORROSIVE. CAUSES SEVERE BURNS TO EVERY AREA OF CONTACT. HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED OR INHALED. AFFECTS THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM, LIVER, KIDNEYS, EYES, SKIN AND BLOOD. MAY CAUSE ALLERGIC REACTION. CANCER HAZARD. CAN CAUSE CANCER. Risk of cancer depends on duration and level of exposure. Health Rating: 4 - Extreme (Cancer Causing) Flammability Rating: 0 - None Reactivity Rating: 3 - Severe (Oxidizer) Contact Rating: 3 - Severe (Life) Potential Health Effects Inhalation: Corrosive. Extremely destructive to tissues of the mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract. May cause ulceration and perforation of the nasal septum. Symptoms may include sore throat, coughing, shortness of breath, and labored breathing. May produce pulmonary sensitization or allergic asthma. Higher exposures may cause pulmonary edema. Ingestion: Corrosive. Swallowing can cause severe burns of the mouth, throat, and stomach, leading to death. Can cause sore throat, vomiting, diarrhea. May cause violent gastroenteritis, peripheral vascular collapse, dizziness, intense thirst, muscle cramps, shock, coma, abnormal bleeding, fever, liver damage and acute renal failure. Skin Contact: Corrosive. Symptoms of redness, pain, and severe burn can occur. Dusts and strong solutions may cause severe irritation. Contact with broken skin may cause ulcers (chrome sores) and absorption, which may cause systemic poisoning, affecting kidney and liver functions. May cause skin sensitization. Eye Contact: Corrosive. Contact can cause blurred vision, redness, pain and severe tissue burns. May cause corneal injury or blindness. Chronic Exposure: Repeated or prolonged exposure can cause ulceration and perforation of the nasal septum, respiratory irritation, liver and kidney damage and ulceration of the skin. Ulcerations at first may be painless, but may penetrate to the bone producing "chrome holes." Known to be a human carcinogen. First Aid Measures Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention immediately. Ingestion: If swallowed, DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Give large quantities of water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical attention immediately. Skin Contact: Immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical attention immediately. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting lower and upper eyelids occasionally. Get medical attention immediately. POTASSIUM FERROCYANIDE K4Fe(CN)6 Hazards Identification Emergency Overview CAUTION! MAY BE HARMFUL IF INHALED. MAY CAUSE IRRITATION TO SKIN, EYES, AND RESPIRATORY TRACT. Health Rating: 1 - Slight Flammability Rating: 0 - None Reactivity Rating: 1 - Slight Contact Rating: 1 - Slight Potential Health Effects Inhalation: May cause irritation to the respiratory tract. Symptoms may include coughing and shortness of breath. Ingestion: Large doses may cause gastrointestinal upset with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and possible cramping. Skin Contact: May cause irritation with redness and pain. Eye Contact: May cause irritation, redness and pain. Chronic Exposure: No information found. First Aid Measures Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. Get medical attention for any breathing difficulty. Ingestion: Give several glasses of water to drink to dilute. If large amounts were swallowed, get medical advice. Skin Contact: Immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Get medical attention if irritation develops. Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower eyelids occasionally. Get medical attention if irritation persists. Strontium nitrate Sr(NO3)2 Hazards Identification Emergency Overview DANGER! STRONG OXIDIZER. CONTACT WITH OTHER MATERIAL MAY CAUSE FIRE. CORROSIVE. CAUSES BURNS TO ANY AREA OF CONTACT. HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED OR INHALED. Health Rating: 3 - Severe (Life) Flammability Rating: 0 - None Reactivity Rating: 3 - Severe (Oxidizer) Contact Rating: 3 - Severe (Corrosive) Inhalation: Irritant to the nasal and respiratory passages due largely to the nitrate radical. Coughing, sneezing and some difficulty in breathing can occur in cases of exceptional dust inhalation. Higher levels may cause a chemical pneumonia. Ingestion: Toxicity rating is low (2-3) because strontium salts are poorly absorbed from the digestive system. Large doses may, however, upset the osmotic balance and cause vomiting and diarrhea as well as nitrate irritation. Skin Contact: Corrosive. Symptoms of redness, pain, and severe burn can occur. Eye Contact: Corrosive. Contact can cause blurred vision, redness, pain and severe tissue burns. Chronic Exposure: Repeated exposure has caused damage to heart muscle, lungs, liver, kidneys, and blood-forming organs; and effects the nervous system in animals. Repeated exposure causes strontium nitrate to accumulate in the body and effects can persist after exposure stops. First Aid Measures Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention. Ingestion: Induce vomiting immediately as directed by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical attention. Skin Contact: Immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical attention immediately. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting lower and upper eyelids occasionally. Get medical attention immediately. of potassium salts may be indicated. Sulfuric Acid H2SO4 Hazards Identification Emergency Overview POISON! DANGER! CORROSIVE. LIQUID AND MIST CAUSE SEVERE BURNS TO ALL BODY TISSUE. MAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED OR CONTACTED WITH SKIN. HARMFUL IF INHALED. AFFECTS TEETH. WATER REACTIVE. CANCER HAZARD. STRONG INORGANIC ACID MISTS CONTAINING SULFURIC ACID CAN CAUSE CANCER. Risk of cancer depends on duration and level of exposure. Health Rating: 4 - Extreme (Poison) Flammability Rating: 0 - None Reactivity Rating: 2 - Moderate Contact Rating: 4 - Extreme (Corrosive) Potential Health Effects Inhalation: Inhalation produces damaging effects on the mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract. Symptoms may include irritation of the nose and throat, and labored breathing. May cause lung edema, a medical emergency. Ingestion: Corrosive. Swallowing can cause severe burns of the mouth, throat, and stomach, leading to death. Can cause sore throat, vomiting, diarrhea. Circulatory collapse with clammy skin, weak and rapid pulse, shallow respirations, and scanty urine may follow ingestion or skin contact. Circulatory shock is often the immediate cause of death. Skin Contact: Corrosive. Symptoms of redness, pain, and severe burn can occur. Circulatory collapse with clammy skin, weak and rapid pulse, shallow respirations, and scanty urine may follow skin contact or ingestion. Circulatory shock is often the immediate cause of death. Eye Contact: Corrosive. Contact can cause blurred vision, redness, pain and severe tissue burns. Can cause blindness. Chronic Exposure: Long-term exposure to mist or vapors may cause damage to teeth. Chronic exposure to mists containing sulfuric acid is a cancer hazard. First Aid Measures Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Call a physician immediately. Ingestion: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Give large quantities of water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Call a physician immediately. Skin Contact: In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. Excess acid on skin can be neutralized with a 2% solution of bicarbonate of soda. Call a physician immediately. Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes with gentle but large stream of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting lower and upper eyelids occasionally. Call a physician immediately. Call a physician immediately. Immediate action is critical to minimize possibility of blindness. Zinc nitrate Zn(NO3)2 Hazards Identification Emergency Overview DANGER! STRONG OXIDIZER. CONTACT WITH OTHER MATERIAL MAY CAUSE FIRE. HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED OR INHALED. CAUSES IRRITATION TO SKIN, EYES AND RESPIRATORY TRACT. Health Rating: 2 - Moderate Flammability Rating: 0 - None Reactivity Rating: 3 - Severe (Oxidizer) Contact Rating: 2 - Moderate Inhalation: Causes irritation to the respiratory tract. Symptoms may include coughing, shortness of breath. Methemoglobinemia may occur. Ingestion: Causes irritation of the gastrointestinal tract. If appreciable amounts are ingested, abdominal pain, cramps and nausea may result together with faintness and bluish lips and skin (methemoglobinemia). Skin Contact: Causes irritation to skin. Symptoms include redness, itching, and pain. Eye Contact: Irritant. Causes redness, tears and pain, possibly blurred vision. Chronic Exposure: Zinc salts are eliminated fairly promptly, making chronic effects less than acute. First Aid Measures Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention. Ingestion: If swallowed, DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Give large quantities of water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical attention immediately. Skin Contact: Immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical attention. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting lower and upper eyelids occasionally. Get medical attention immediately.