Department of Education Budget Statements
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Section 1: Agency overview and resources
1.1
STRATEGIC DIRECTION STATEMENT
The Department of Education is the Australian Government’s lead agency
responsible for national policies and programmes that help Australians access
affordable, flexible, quality childcare and early childhood learning, school
education, higher education, international education and academic research.
The department works to provide opportunity through learning for all
Australians.
The department collaborates closely with other Australian Government
agencies, state and territory governments and education stakeholders.
The department develops and provides access to:

affordable, accessible, flexible and quality child care and early childhood
learning, a child care system that supports workforce participation and
meets the needs of modern families and the economy, and services that
are inclusive and responsive to children, parents and communities

a world class school education system through high quality teaching,
autonomy for schools, parents’ engagement in their children’s learning,
and a strong national curriculum

higher education and research so Australia excels through knowledge, by
enabling the delivery of quality higher education, international education,
and research that contributes to Australia’s society and the global
economy.
Within the department, Indigenous business is everyone’s business, and the
department strives to improve the educational outcomes for Aboriginal and
Torres Strait Islander peoples.
Early Childhood Education and Care
As part of its commitment, the Government will provide around $28.5 billion in
child care fee assistance over four years. Funding of $12.6 million for a national
Occasional Care Programme will be reinstated, commencing from 1 July 2014, to
help families especially in rural, regional and remote areas to access the care
they need.
13
Department of Education Budget Statements
A new $200 million professional development programme – the Long Day Care
Professional Development Programme – will assist long day care educators to
meet their qualification requirements under the National Quality Framework
and improve outcomes for children. It will provide flexible funding for services
to meet educator professional development needs and target known workforce
shortages.
In addition, through the Early Learning Languages Australia trial, children at up
to 40 services delivering early childhood education programmes will participate
in a one year trial of online foreign language learning in 2015.
Better targeting of the Community Support Programme for family day care
services and Jobs, Education and Training Child Care Fee Assistance will help
ensure these programmes are sustainable within their budget allocations.
The Government has asked the Productivity Commission to undertake an
Inquiry into Child Care and Early Childhood Learning – the first such
independent review in a generation. The Commission is considering ways to
ensure Australia’s child care system is more flexible, affordable and accessible,
while supporting parents’ workforce participation and children’s development.
The Inquiry’s draft report will be released in July 2014 with the final report to
government due by the end of October 2014.
The Government is working closely with state and territory governments and
the child care and early childhood learning sector, to find ways to ease
regulatory burden and red tape experienced by families, businesses and
community organisations without compromising the quality of education and
care being provided.
Schools and Youth
To ensure Australia’s future prosperity and to remain competitive
internationally, the Government will take action to give all Australian students
access to a high-quality education. This action will be based on the four areas
that can have a significant impact on student outcomes – teacher quality, school
autonomy, engaging parents in education and strengthening the Australian
Curriculum.
The Government will work with stakeholders to improve teacher education as
evidence tells us that teachers have the greatest in-school influence on student
engagement and achievement. The Teacher Education Ministerial Advisory
Group will work to identify world’s best practice in teacher education
programmes. The Government will also focus on ensuring that entry standards
to teacher education courses are rigorous and that graduates from teacher
education courses have the skills they need to be effective classroom
practitioners.
14
Department of Education Budget Statements
High performing school systems afford schools the flexibility to make their own
decisions about school management. The Independent Public Schools initiative
will assist states and territories to progress their school systems further along the
autonomy continuum.
Getting curriculum settings right is essential to improving the quality of
education for all school students. This means working with education
authorities to ensure a greater focus on science, technology, engineering and
mathematics in both primary and secondary schools. It also means ensuring that
the curriculum content is robust, relevant and up to date. The Government will
continue to prioritise the development of the Australian Curriculum: Languages
to revive the study of foreign languages, particularly those of our key regional
partners.
Parents are the first and most important influence on a child’s attitudes and
values toward school and learning. The Government will work to strengthen
parent engagement in education to improve student learning outcomes.
The National School Chaplaincy Programme (NSCP) will assist participating
schools to engage a chaplain to provide pastoral care for students. The NSCP
will facilitate the engagement of school chaplains in around 2900 schools and
will commence in 2015 for a period of four years.
Higher Education, Research and International
The Government aims to promote growth in economic productivity and social
wellbeing through access to quality higher education, international education
and international quality research. The Government’s reforms will underpin the
development of a world class higher education system through delivering
choice and opportunity to any student, wherever they study and whatever they
choose to do.
The Government’s reforms aim to:

ensure students have a choice of the course and higher education
provider that is right for them

promote the highest quality of teaching and learning

ensure that high quality education is affordable for all through the Higher
Education Contribution Scheme (HECS) and no one has to pay a cent
upfront.
From January 2016, universities will be able to offer Commonwealth supported
places on a demand driven basis to students enrolling in any accredited
undergraduate qualification. For the first time ever, the Australian Government
will provide tuition subsidies for undergraduate students studying at any
registered higher education provider for any accredited course.
15
Department of Education Budget Statements
From January 2016 there will also be changes to the amounts the Australian
Government provides under the Commonwealth Grant Scheme. These changes,
combined with changes to the Higher Education Loan Programme (HELP), will
help ensure the sustainability of the higher education system into the future.
The retention and improvement of the HELP will mean that no student is denied
the opportunity to study for financial reasons. The removal of loan fees and
limits, together with the application of a fair interest rate and repayment
threshold will ensure that this scheme remains affordable, so that the
Government can continue to help students defer the costs of their study until
they are earning.
These new arrangements will facilitate choice and opportunity for students from
all backgrounds. Alongside the continuation of the Higher Education
Participation Programme, higher education institutions will also dedicate
20 per cent of their additional revenue raised through student contributions to
scholarships and other supports for disadvantaged students.
Through a total investment of $11 billion over four years in research in
universities, the Government has ensured the future of key programmes such as
the Future Fellowships and the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure
Strategy.
These reforms also provide a focus on quality. Students will have better
information to support their decisions about where and what to study.
Accreditation arrangements will be improved and streamlined through the
Tertiary Education Quality and Standards Agency.
16
Department of Education Budget Statements
1.2
AGENCY RESOURCE STATEMENT
Table 1.1 shows the total resources from all sources. The table summarises how
resources will be applied by outcome and by administered and departmental
classification.
Table 1.1: Department of Education resource statement Budget estimates for
2014–15 as at Budget May 2014
Estimate
of prior
year amounts
available in
2014- 15
$'000
+
Proposed
at Budget
2014- 15
$'000
=
Total
estimate
Actual
available
appropriation
2014- 15
$'000
2013- 14
$'000
1
O rdina ry a nnua l se rvic e s
De pa rtme nta l a ppropria tion
Prior year departmental appropriation 2
3
Departmental appropriation
s31 Relevant agency receipts 4
Tota l
-
291,896
22,417
3 14 , 3 13
291,896
22,417
3 14 , 3 13
227,527
227,527
Administe re d e xpe nse s
Outcome 1
Outcome 2
Outcome 3
Tota l
-
575,260
218,688
187,417
9 8 1, 3 6 5
575,260
218,688
187,417
9 8 1, 3 6 5
441,288
341,822
1,617
784,727
-
1, 2 9 5 , 6 7 8
1, 2 9 5 , 6 7 8
1, 0 12 , 2 5 4
Tota l ordina ry a nnua l se rvic e s
A
O the r se rvic e s 5
Administe re d e xpe nse s
S pe c ific pa yme nts to S ta te s,
ACT, NT a nd loc a l gove rnme nt
Outcome 2
Tota l
De pa rtme nta l non- ope ra ting
Equity injections
Tota l
Tota l othe r se rvic e s
B
Tota l a va ila ble a nnua l
a ppropria tions
-
100,431
10 0 , 4 3 1
100,431
10 0 , 4 3 1
41,092
4 1, 0 9 2
-
3,189
3 , 18 9
3,189
3 , 18 9
15,111
15 , 111
-
10 3 , 6 2 0
10 3 , 6 2 0
56,203
-
1, 3 9 9 , 2 9 8
1, 3 9 9 , 2 9 8
1, 0 6 8 , 4 5 7
-
6,218,543
14,331,360
6,218,543
14,331,360
5,289,988
2,332,333
6,830,123
-
164,973
15,950,582
36,665,458
164,973
15,950,582
36,665,458
134,833
12,992,501
27,579,778
-
38,064,756
38,064,756
28,648,235
S pe c ia l a ppropria tions
S pe c ia l a ppropria tions limite d
by c rite ria / e ntitle me nt
A New Tax System (Family
Assistance) Act 1999
Schools Assistance Act 2008
Australian Education Act 2013
Early Years Quality Fund Special
Account Act 2013
Higher Education Support Act 2003
Tota l spe c ia l a ppropria tions
Tota l a ppropria tions e xc luding
S pe c ia l Ac c ounts
C
17
Department of Education Budget Statements
Table 1.1: Department of Education resource statement Budget estimates for
2014–15 as at Budget May 2014 (continued)
Estimate
of prior
year amounts
Proposed
+
at Budget
available in
2014- 15
$'000
=
2014- 15
$'000
Total
Actual
estimate
available
appropriation
2014- 15
$'000
2013- 14
$'000
S pe c ia l Ac c ounts
6
Opening balance
Appropriation receipts
Non- appropriation receipts to
Special Accounts
Tota l S pe c ia l Ac c ount
D
15,512
-
164,973
15,512
164,973
15,997
134,833
15 , 5 12
246,545
4 11, 5 18
246,545
427,030
215,207
366,037
15,512
38,476,274
38,491,786
29,014,272
15 , 5 12
183,870
38,292,404
183,870
3 8 , 3 0 7 , 9 16
155,601
28,858,671
Tota l re sourc ing
A+B+C+D
Less appropriations drawn from
annual or special appropriations above
and credited to special accounts
and/or CAC Act bodies through
annual appropriations
Tota l ne t re sourc ing for Educ a tion
1
Appropriation Bill (No.1) 2014–15.
Estimated adjusted balance carried forward from previous year.
3
Includes an amount of $22.536m in 2014–15 for the Departmental Capital Budget (refer to table 3.2.5 for
further details). For accounting purposes this amount has been designated as 'contributions by owners'.
4
s31 Relevant Agency receipts – estimate.
5 Appropriation Bill (No.2) 2014–15.
6 Estimated opening balance for special accounts (less ‘Special Public Money’ held in accounts like Other
Trust Monies accounts (OTM), Services for other Government and Non-agency Bodies accounts (SOG), or
Services for Other Entities and Trust Moneys Special accounts (SOETM)).
For further information on special accounts see table 3.1.2.
Reader note: All figures are GST exclusive.
2
Third party payments from and on behalf of other agencies
2014- 15
$'000
2013- 14
$'000
Receipts received from other agencies for the provision of services
(disclosed above within Departmental section 31)
22,417
Payments made by other agencies on behalf of Department of Education
(disclosed above)
Payments made to CAC Act bodies within the Portfolio
Australian Institute for Teaching and School Leadership
Annual Appropriation Bill 1 - Outcome 2
Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority
Annual Appropriation Bill 1 - Outcome 2
18
-
6,335,792
5,397,441
5,500
4,845
13,397
15,923
Department of Education Budget Statements
1.3
BUDGET MEASURES
Budget measures in Part 1 relating to the Department of Education are detailed
in Budget Paper No. 2 and are summarised below.
Table 1.2: Agency 2014–15 Budget measures
Part 1: Measures announced since the 2013–14 MYEFO
Programme
Revenue m easures
Expanding opportunity – expansion of
the demand driven system and
sharing the cost fairly
Administered revenues
Departmental revenues
Total
Expanding opportunity – Higher
Education Indexation — revised
arrangements
Administered revenues
Departmental revenues
Total
Expanding opportunity – FEE-HELP
and VET FEE-HELP loan fee —
cessation
Administered revenues
Departmental revenues
Total
A sustainable Higher Education Loan
Programme — repayment thresholds
and indexation
Administered revenues
Departmental revenues
Total
A sustainable Higher Education
system — Research Training Scheme
— student contributions
Administered revenues
Departmental revenues
Total
Higher Education Superannuation
Programme — resumption of
payments to universities in NSW
Administered revenues
Departmental revenues
Total
2013-14
$'000
2014-15
$'000
2015-16
$'000
2016-17
$'000
2017-18
$'000
-
-
1,777
1,777
13,097
13,097
41,608
41,608
-
-
-
-
-
3.4
3.4
(266)
(266)
(872)
(872)
(278,037)
(314,538)
3.4
(130,611)
-
-
-
( 13 0 ,6 11)
( 2 7 8 ,0 3 7 )
( 3 14 ,5 3 8 )
261,034
322,355
462,130
-
-
-
2 6 1, 0 3 4
322,355
4 6 2 , 13 0
3.4
-
(14,287)
(14 , 2 8 7 )
3.4
-
-
-
660
660
2,359
2,359
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
132,200
57,809
190,687
-
-
-
13 2 , 2 0 0
57,809
19 0 , 6 8 7
3.2
Total revenue m easures
Administered
Departmental
Total
-
19
(14,287)
(14 , 2 8 7 )
Department of Education Budget Statements
Table 1.2: Agency 2014–15 Budget measures
Part 1: Measures announced since the 2013–14 MYEFO (continued)
Programme
Expense m easures
Efficiency Dividend — a further
temporary increase of 0.25 per cent
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
Migration Programme — allocation of
places for 2014-151
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
Child Care: Community Support
Programme — additional funding and
amended eligibility criteria
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
Child Care: Support for the Child Care
System Programme — offsetting
savings
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
Child Care: Jobs, Education and
Training Child Care Fee Assistance —
reforms
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
Maintain eligibility thresholds for
Australian Government payments for
three years
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
Students First – Early Language
Learning Australia — trial
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
National Occasional Care
Programme - reinstatement2
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
2013-14
$'000
All
1.2,1.3
2.1,2.2
-
2014-15
$'000
2015-16
$'000
2016-17
$'000
2017-18
$'000
(688)
(688)
(1,295)
(1,295)
(1,974)
(1,974)
(1,988)
(1,988)
(1,892)
-
(6,816)
-
(12,973)
-
(19,989)
-
(27,999)
-
(1, 8 9 2 )
(6 , 8 16 )
(12 , 9 7 3 )
(19 , 9 8 9 )
(2 7 , 9 9 9 )
76,600
91,900
(51,600)
(52,800)
(52,700)
-
-
76,600
9 1, 9 0 0
1.1
-
-
-
(5 1, 6 0 0 )
(5 2 , 8 0 0 )
(5 2 , 7 0 0 )
1.1, 2.7
(870)
-
(5,672)
-
(4,944)
-
(15,153)
1,089
(14,898)
1,100
(8 7 0 )
(5 , 6 7 2 )
(4 , 9 4 4 )
(14 , 0 6 4 )
(13 , 7 9 8 )
27,916
7,427
(22,388)
(407)
19,009
-
-
2 7 , 9 16
7,427
1.1
-
-
(2 2 , 3 8 8 )
(4 0 7 )
(49,236)
(71,400)
19 , 0 0 9
1.2, 1.3
-
(32,942)
(3 2 , 9 4 2 )
(4 9 , 2 3 6 )
(7 1, 4 0 0 )
(76,863)
(7 6 , 8 6 3 )
1.4
-
6,543
430
6,973
2,464
371
2,835
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.4
20
Department of Education Budget Statements
Table 1.2: Agency 2014–15 Budget measures
Part 1: Measures announced since the 2013–14 MYEFO (continued)
Programme
Australian Baccalaureate —
discontinue development
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
Students First – indexation of school
funding from 2018
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
Remote Indigenous students attending
non-government boarding schools —
additional funding
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
National School Chaplaincy
Programme — continuation
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
Students First – Improving the take-up
of foreign languages
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
Primary Connections and Science by
Doing — maintain funding
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
Australian Government Quality
Teacher Programme — continuation
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
Australian Research Alliance for
Children and Youth — contribution
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
Centre for Quality Teaching and
Learning — cessation
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
2013-14
$'000
2014-15
$'000
2015-16
$'000
2016-17
$'000
2017-18
$'000
2.1
-
(348)
(348)
(2,698)
(346)
(3,044)
(2,719)
(344)
(3,063)
(2,768)
(348)
(3,116)
2.1,2.2
-
-
-
-
54,079
54,079
-
6,752
6,752
-
-
-
-
58,822
878
59,700
58,822
2,636
61,458
58,822
2,570
61,392
58,822
2,413
61,235
-
1,200
1,200
600
600
-
-
-
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
2,000
2,000
1,000
1,000
4,605
4,605
341
341
-
-
-
-
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
(4,000)
(4,000)
(4,000)
(4,000)
(4,000)
(4,000)
(4,000)
(4,000)
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.3
(5,000)
(5,000)
21
Department of Education Budget Statements
Table 1.2: Agency 2014–15 Budget measures
Part 1: Measures announced since the 2013–14 MYEFO (continued)
Programme
Australian Curriculum, Assessment
and Reporting Authority — reduced
funding
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
Improving educational outcomes —
reversal
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
Online Diagnostic Tools — cessation
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
Australian Institute for Teaching and
School Leadership — reduced
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
Teach for Australia — reduced
funding
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
Education grant programmes —
reduced funding
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
Youth 20 Summit — hosting
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
Expanding opportunity – expansion of
the demand driven system and
sharing the cost fairly
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
Expanding opportunity – Higher
Education Indexation — revised
arrangements
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
2013-14
$'000
2014-15
$'000
2015-16
$'000
2016-17
$'000
-
-
-
-
2017-18
$'000
2.3
(2,631)
(2,631)
2.3
(5,706)
(5,706)
(9,765)
(9,765)
(7,113)
(7,113)
(7,183)
(7,183)
-
(657)
(657)
(8,769)
(8,769)
(9,484)
(9,484)
(9,734)
(9,734)
(9,734)
(9,734)
(2,650)
(2,650)
(5,589)
(5,589)
(6,111)
(6,111)
(3,519)
(3,519)
(2,077)
(2,077)
(150)
(150)
(100)
(100)
(150)
(150)
(11,961)
(10,882)
(14,795)
2.3
2.3
2.3
-
-
2.3,2.5,
2.6,2.7,
3.3
(8,704)
(8 , 7 0 4 )
(13,166)
(13 , 16 6 )
(11, 9 6 1)
(77)
(156)
(10 , 9 5 9 )
(14 , 9 5 1)
2.7
700
700
150
150
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
( 16 2 ,3 3 4 )
( 3 9 8 ,7 0 6 )
( 5 0 9 ,6 8 4 )
-
-
(25,287)
(68,146)
(104,378)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
( 2 5 ,2 8 7 )
( 6 8 ,14 6 )
( 10 4 ,3 7 8 )
3.1,3.4
(162,334)
(398,706)
(509,684)
3.1,3.3,
3.4,3.5,
3.6
22
Department of Education Budget Statements
Table 1.2: Agency 2014–15 Budget measures
Part 1: Measures announced since the 2013–14 MYEFO (continued)
Programme
Higher Education Superannuation
Programme — resumption of
payments to universities in NSW
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
A sustainable Higher Education
system – Higher Education Rew ard
Funding — cessation
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
2017-18
$'000
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
nfp
(8,513)
(8 , 5 13 )
Expanding opportunity – FEE-HELP
and VET-FEE HELP loan fee —
cessation
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
3.4
A sustainable Higher Education
system – Research Training Scheme
— student contributions
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
2016-17
$'000
3.3
3.3
A sustainable Higher Education Loan
Programme – HECS-HELP benefit —
cessation
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
2015-16
$'000
3.3
Expanding opportunity – a more
effective Higher Education
Participation Programme
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
A sustainable Higher Education Loan
Programme – repayment thresholds
and indexation
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
2014-15
$'000
3.2
Total
Upholding Quality — Quality Indicators
for Learning and Teaching —
establishment
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
2013-14
$'000
(26,157)
-
(26,947)
-
(28,465)
-
(31,061)
-
(2 6 , 15 7 )
(2 6 , 9 4 7 )
(2 8 , 4 6 5 )
(3 1, 0 6 1)
-
(7,500)
(12,500)
(13,750)
(17,500)
-
(7 , 5 0 0 )
(12 , 5 0 0 )
(13 , 7 5 0 )
(17 , 5 0 0 )
-
-
4,073
4,073
8,646
8,646
9,710
9,710
(458,960)
(583,364)
(730,514)
3.4
-
(348,522)
-
-
-
-
-
-
( 3 4 8 ,5 2 2 )
( 4 5 8 ,9 6 0 )
( 5 8 3 ,3 6 4 )
( 7 3 0 ,5 14 )
3.4
-
-
(28,366)
(28,990)
(29,715)
-
-
(2 8 , 3 6 6 )
(2 8 , 9 9 0 )
(2 9 , 7 15 )
-
-
(33,377)
-
(67,680)
-
(69,592)
-
-
-
(3 3 , 3 7 7 )
(6 7 , 6 8 0 )
(6 9 , 5 9 2 )
3.4,3.5
23
Department of Education Budget Statements
Table 1.2: Agency 2014–15 Budget measures
Part 1: Measures announced since the 2013–14 MYEFO (continued)
Programme
Investing in research excellence —
National Collaborative Research
Infrastructure Strategy — continuation
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
A sustainable Higher Education
system – cessation of funding for the
HC Coombs Policy Forum
Administered expenses
Departmental expenses
Total
Efficiency Dividend — a further
temporary increase of 0.25 per cent
Administered capital
Departmental capital
Total
2014-15
$'000
2015-16
$'000
2016-17
$'000
2017-18
$'000
-
-
150,000
15 0 , 0 0 0
-
-
3.6
3.6
Total expense m easures
Administered
Departmental
Total
Capital m easures
Upholding quality — Higher Education
Information Management System —
expansion
Administered capital
Departmental capital
Total
2013-14
$'000
-
(1,500)
(100)
(1,600)
(1,500)
(99)
(1,599)
(1,500)
(99)
(1,599)
(1,500)
(100)
(1,600)
75,829
(295,263)
(713,970)
(1,318,019)
(1,558,939)
75,829
172
(295,091)
1,267
(712,703)
1,165
921
(1,316,854)
(1,558,018)
3
-
915
915
958
958
955
955
964
964
-
(60)
(60)
(120)
(120)
(179)
(179)
(179)
(179)
-
855
855
838
838
776
776
785
785
All
Total capital m easures
Administered
Departmental
Total
Prepared on a Government Finance Statistics (fiscal) basis.
1 The lead agency for this measure is Department of Immigration and Border Protection. The full measure
description and package details appear in Budget Paper No. 2 under the Department of Immigration and
Border Protection portfolio.
2 This measure is appropriated to the Department of the Treasury (Treasury), under the Federal Financial
Relations Act 2009. The full measure description appears in Budget Paper No. 2 under Treasury.
24