Sessions 9-10 Point of View (Compare & Contrast) Standard: RI5.6 –- Analyze multiple accounts of the same event or topic, noting important similarities and differences in the point of view they represent. 5.C&G.2.1— Understand the values and principles of a democratic republic. 5.C&G.2.3— Exemplify ways in which the rights, responsibilities and privileges of citizens are protected under the United States Constitution. Materials Attached: Adapted from Connection (connecting to previous learning) A Constitution for Kids and The Constitution So far, we have learned that authors can present information on a common topic or event using various text structures. Teaching Point Today, we will learn how to determine point of view by using text structure and evidence from two articles on the same topic, while continuing our learning about understanding our rights, responsibilities and privileges as citizens. Teaching Please know that the lesson may take more than one day. Make sure to continue with read aloud (Chains) as a closure to literacy block daily. Explicitly Telling/Showing an Example When analyzing two different texts on the same topic, it is helpful to begin by thinking about what we know about each text. How is the information organized? What does the author want the reader to understand about the topic? What is the author’s point of view or perspective on the topic? Do we know the author’s audience? When we have a clear understanding of this, we can then think about the similarities and differences between two texts. Read aloud the passage, A Constitution for Kids. As I read, think about what type of text structure the author used, what his possible point of view on the topic might be, and what evidence you can find to support your thinking. o Record the following information in the chart below. “The text structure used in this article is problem and solution. The author presents the problem of how reading the U.S. Constitution can be confusing and how Cathy Travis is able to provide a solution. Some evidence from the text would be: “Cathy Travis took the confusion out of the Constitution and wrote a book [2003], Constitution Translated for Kids, that makes reading the Constitution as simple as saying "We the People." o The author wants the reader to understand that a “read friendly” version of the Constitution is available for everyone to read and understand. The author’s point of view is that the Constitution is a document that all citizens must have a clear understanding of what it states. o Some evidence from the text would be: "The Constitution belongs to everyone. If you make it sound like the beliefs of one party or the other, you are doing a great disservice to everybody," Go to Guided Practice Wake County Public Schools 2013 Guided Practice (3-5 minutes) Have students practice the strategy that has been demonstrated. Link Direct students to apply the demonstrated strategy. Read Aloud With a partner, read the article, The Constitution. As you read, think about what type of text structure the author used to organize the ideas presented. Then discuss with your partner what you think the author wants you to learn and his/her point of view on the topic. Record your responses in the chart provided. As you read expository texts on a common topic, think about the structure of the text, the author’s point of view and how that impacts what the author wants you to learn. Continue to read Chains to students in the classroom, making sure to provide the background knowledge to help students comprehend the text. The read aloud for this unit is completed at the end of literacy block as the focus of the mini-lessons support expository text. However, the purpose to reading Chains during this unit is to bring history alive for your students by letting them see history through the eyes of the people who might have experienced it. Wake County Public Schools 2013 A Constitution for Kids The Constitution How is the information organized? What does the author want the reader to understand about the topic? What is the author’s point of view or perspective on the topic? Wake County Public Schools 2013 A Constitution for Kids Sometimes reading the U.S. Constitution can be confusing. Most people 1 2 can’t tell their habeas corpus from their ex post facto . In 2003, Cathy Travis took the confusion out of the Constitution. Travis, who works as a congressional aide in Washington, D.C., has just written a book [2003], Constitution Translated for Kids, that makes reading the Constitution as simple as saying "We the People." The 85-page book has the original text of the Constitution on one page and Travis’s 3 translation on the facing page. For example, article 1, section 9, clause 3, of the Constitution reads: "No Bill of Attainder or ex post facto law shall be passed." Travis’s translation: "Criminal laws passed by Congress can be applied only from the time they are passed." Travis said she got the idea to write the book when Ross Perot ran for president in 1992 against George H. W. Bush and Bill Clinton. She became angry every time Perot made statements about the Constitution that she considered inaccurate. Travis said she took great care to make sure that her translation of the document was fair and accurate. Many aspects of the Constitution are open to debate. "The Constitution belongs to everyone. If you make it sound like the beliefs of one party or the other, you are doing a great disservice to everybody," Travis told the Austin-American Statesman. 1 habeas corpus: a legal order to find out if a person has been wrongly sent to prison 2 ex post facto: after the fact; retroactive 3 translation: expressing text in a different language (in this case more easily understandable English) Adapted from Text: Copyright © 2007 Weekly Reader Corporation. All rights reserved. Weekly Reader is a registered trademark of Weekly Reader Corporation. Used by permission. © 2010 Urban Education Exchange. All rights reserved. Wake County Public Schools 2013 The Constitution: The Forgotten Amendment Most educated people of the eighteenth construed to deny or disparage others retained century, such as the Founding Fathers, by the people. Meaning in simpler language, supported the idea of Natural Rights Theory. that certain rights listed in the Constitution Meaning every human has a considerable shall not mean that other rights of the people number of natural rights, because they are a are denied. human person. Today, two views are held as to what this When the US Constitution was sent to the amendment really means. One view is that all states for ratification or approval, many people rights have been included in the Constitution at that time felt that the federal government, and anything not listed is just present in our according to the Constitution, would be too lives and traditions. The other view holds that strong. They were concerned that rights of the language of the Ninth Amendment allows individual citizens versus the government were for rights the Founding Fathers couldn’t have not clear enough. imagined in their time such as a woman’s right This led to the creation of the Bill of Rights, which are the first ten amendments. They were ratified or approved by the states at the same time as the Constitution. The first eight of these amendments list specific rights of citizens, but some leaders feared that listing some rights could be misunderstood to mean that citizens didn’t have other, unlisted rights. To help with this possible misunderstanding, to vote. So far a majority of the Supreme Court has not agreed with either interpretation, preferring to ignore the Ninth Amendment altogether. As such, most Supreme Court cases use other amendments when making their final rulings and why many scholars call it the forgotten amendment. James Madison and others produced the Ninth Adapted from The Words We Live By-Your Annotated Amendment, which states: The enumeration in Guide to the Constitution by Linda R. Monk the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be Wake County Public Schools 2013