Texan Tribe
Region/Location
Shelter
Method of
Survival
Crops
Grown
Animals
Hunted
Geographic
Group
Other
Facts
Caddo
East Texas, along the
Red River
Cone shaped
shelter covered
in grass.
Mostly farming.
Limited hunting
corn, beans,
squash, &
sunflower seeds
Deer, bear,
bison
Southeastern
Most advanced
tribe. Caddo
word for friends
is where the
name Texas
comes from.
Used the oil
from alligators
to make insect
repellent.
Atakapan
Lived South of Caddo
from Louisiana to
Galveston Bay
Lived in domeshaped brush
huts (covered
with bearskins
in winter)
Hunting and
gathering
Little farming
due to the
swampy
conditions they
lived in.
Hunted large
reptiles, such as
alligators.
Southeastern
Wichita
North Central Texas to
the Red River
Tipis
Hunting and
farming
Corn, pumpkins,
squash, melons,
beans, and plum
trees
buffalo
Southeastern
Raccoon Eyesmen tattoos
around eyes
Tonkawa
Southern Plains region
of Texas
tipis
Hunting
Gathered seeds,
fruits, acorns.
pecans
Buffalo, rabbits,
skunks, rats,
rattlesnakes,
turtles
Plains Indian
Buffalo was
main source of
food, material
for clothing,
and tools
Apache
West and Central
Texas
Tipis
Hunting
Corn, beans,
pumpkin,
watermelons
buffalo
Plains Indian
First Indian
tribe to adopt
the horse from
the Europeans.
Comanche
West Texas
Tipis
Hunting
N/A
buffalo
Plains Indian
Women wore
their hair short,
while the men
wore it long.
Texan Tribe
Region/Location
Shelter
Method of
Survival
Crops
Grown
Animals
Hunted
Geographic
Group
Other
Facts
Jumano
Lived near the Pecos
and Rio Grande Rivers
Lived in
puebloas
constructed
from adobe.
Farming
Grew corn,
beans, and
squash
N/A
Plains Indian
Trade with
other tribes for
foods that they
could not grow.
Jornada
Southwestern Texas,
near present day El
Paso.
Lived in
puebloas
constructed
from adobe.
Farming
Survived by
growing corn,
beans, and
squash.
N/A
Puebloan
Hollowed-out
granite hills to
collect water.
Tigua
Southwestern Texas,
near present day El
Paso.
Lived in
puebloas
constructed
from adobe.
Farming and
hunting
Farmers who
grew corn,
beans, squash
deer, rabbits,
antelope, and
other small
animals
Pueblaon
Oldest
American
Indian tribe still
living in Texas.
Coahuiltecan
Lived in the dry South
Texas Plains between
San Antonio & Corpus
Christi
Lived in domeshaped huts
covered with
reed
mats/animal
hides
Hunter-gathers
Gathered plant
food such as
fruit from the
prickly pear,
mesquite beans,
and nuts.
Western Gulf
Very difficult
life. No one
animal provided
enough food,
Karankawa
Lived along the Gulf
Coast
Dome shaped
huts covered
with grass
Hunters and
gathers
Gathered fruits,
seeds, and
leaves
Deer, armadillo,
rabbits, lizards,
snakes, spiders,
insects, worms,
and birds.
Fished when
possible
Fished and
hunted deer
Western Gulf
Used canoes to
travel along
coast.
Kiowa
Northern Panhandle
Tipis
Nomadic
hunters
N/A
Buffalo
Plains Indian
Fought with the
Comanche