1
Supplemental Table 1. Candidate Crossed Random Effects models of relationships among
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phytoplankton resource use efficiency (RUEpp), zooplankton resource use efficiency (RUEzp),
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phytoplankton evenness (Evennesspp), and intra-annual phytoplankton turnover (BCintra).
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Candidate models with and without autoregressive structure (AR1) were compared using
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Akaike’s information criterion (AIC) values. Lake and Year were entered as Random Effects in
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each model, with Year also serving as the autoregressive structure in AR1 models. The most
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parsimonious model is indicated by the lowest AIC value. ΔAIC = AICi - AICmin, where AICi is
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the AIC value for model i and AICmin is the smallest AIC value for each model set. RUEpp and
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RUEzp were natural log-transformed before analysis.
Model structure
AIC
ΔAIC
1. ln RUEpp vs. Evennesspp
AR1
2693.1
1.9
None
2691.2
0.0
2. ln RUEzp vs. Evennesspp
AR1
3289.7
0.0
None
3300.1
10.4
AR1
-409.0
0.0
None
-407.3
1.7
3. BCintra vs. Evennesspp
4. ln RUEpp vs. BCintra
AR1
3009.2
0.0
None
3009.2
0.0
AR1
3404.6
0.0
None
3409.9
5.3
5. ln RUEzp vs. BCintra
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11
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SUPPLEMENTAL FIGURE CAPTIONS
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Supplemental Figure 1 Linear relationships among (a) phytoplankton resource use efficiency
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(RUEpp) and (b) zooplankton resource use efficiency (RUEzp) and phytoplankton generic
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richness. RUEpp was calculated as phytoplankton biomass per unit total phosphorus. RUEzp was
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calculated as zooplankton biomass per unit phytoplankton biomass. Data represent annual
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averages for each lake. Pearson correlation coefficients (r) are provided for regressions across all
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years and of each individual year. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.
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Supplemental Figure 2 Boxplots of phytoplankton composition for lakes included in this study:
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(a) proportional abundance of phytoplankton phyla relative to total phytoplankton biomass and
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(b) proportional abundance of Cyanobacteria genera relative to total Cyanobacteria biomass.
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Data represent annual averages for each lake.
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25
Supplemental Figure 3 Linear relationship of Microcystis sp. relative abundance (arcsine-
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transformed) and phytoplankton evenness. Data represent annual averages for each lake. Pearson
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correlation coefficient (r) is provided for regression of all lake-years. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p
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< 0.001.