Biology: Semester 1 Final Exam Study Guide – Ch 1-9
Ch 1
1. What are the goals of Science?
2. What are the steps of the scientific method and what do they mean?
3. All living things share certain characteristics. What are they?
4. Biotechnologist
5. Global ecologist
6. Which part of scientific methodology will use SI measurements?
Ch 2
1. What elements make up the water molecule?
2. Draw the pH scale – what side is an acid/ what side is a base/ and what is neutral?
3. Define Acid, Base and Neutral.
4. What is an isotope?
5. What are the 3 particles that make up an atom?
6. Remember that atoms cannot be created, nor destroyed. They are only rearranged.
7. Covalent bonds and ionic bonds. How are they different?
8. Know how to calculate an atomic mass! ____________ + ______________ = atomic mass
9. How does an element get its atomic number?
10. The atomic number is always = to ______________ which is also equal to _______________.
Ch 3
1. List the levels of organization for ecology beginning with Organism and ending with Biosphere.
2. Define – autotroph vs. heterotroph (and know types of heterotrophs)
3. Why do organisms need nutrients?
4. What is the difference between a biotic and abiotic factor?
Ch 4
1. What biotic factors can affect the size of a population?
2. What factors contribute to Earth’s climate?
3. What is a niche?
4. What is the difference between primary and secondary succession?
Ch 5-6
1. Define the following and know how they affect a population:
a. Birth rate, death rate, immigration, emigration, limiting factors
2. Define Demography, limiting factor, carrying capacity
3. Define and understand Exponential Growth and Logistic Growth. Draw a graph representing
these types of growth.
4. How can farmers reduce soil erosion?
5. Define Genetic Diversity and Species Diversity
6. What are the goals of biodiversity conservation
Ch 7
1. Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes. How are they the same? How are they Different?
2. What structures are involved in cell movement?
3. Define and know: Diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, active transport, Endocytosis and
exocytosis, and Homeostasis
4. Know the levels of organization in a multicellular organism (IN ORDER) from cell to organism.
5. Which organelles are involved with energy conversion?
6. Which organelle makes proteins using coded instructions that come from the nucleus?
Ch 8 – Use this chapter’s study guide! A lot of this test will forcus on ch 8 and 9.
1. What 3 parts make up ATP?
2. What is the difference between Stroma, Grana and thylakoids within the chloroplasts?
3. What is the product of the Calvin Cycle? AND Where does the Calvin cycle take place in the
chloroplast?
4. Write the chemical formula for photosynthesis and know what it means.
5. What are the 2 products of photosynthesis?
Ch 9 - Use this chapter’s study guide! A lot of this test will forcus on ch 8 and 9.
1. What is cellular respiration?
2. What are the 3 stages of cellular respiration? (in order)
3. What are the products of cellular respiration?
4. What types of cells does cellular respiration occur?
5. The products of photosynthesis are the reactants for cellular respiration. The products of
cellular respiration are the reactants for photosynthesis. Write the 2 chemical formulas.
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration.
6. How many total ATP are produced from cellular respiration?