Video supplement.
Legend
Videos 1, 2, 3. A transient rotor on the left atrial posterior wall in a 74 year old man
undergoing aortic valve replacement for severe calcific aortic stenosis. AF was present for 1
year and the left atrial area was 29cm2. Three examples of rotor recurrence over 10 minutes
are demonstrated. Rotation was consistently centered on an area of short cycle length activity.
Video playback at 100ms/s. Panel A = video 1; Panel B = video 2; Panel C = video 3.
Video 4. A transient posterior left atrial posterior wall rotor in a 63 year old woman
undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery, with an AF duration of 4 years and a left
atrial area of 27cm2. Six counterclockwise rotations are seen before a broad linear wavefront
passes obliquely across the mapping plaque. Video playback at 100ms/s.
Video 5. A transient rotor on the right atrial free wall in a 35 year old woman with rheumatic
mitral valve disease, with an AF duration of 5 years and a left atrial area of 38cm2. An initial
oblique wavefront is followed by a second wavefront conducting at a near perpendicular angle
across the refractory tail of the first and then rotating in a counterclockwise direction. Three
cycles of rotation follow, before the rotor breaks up. Video playback at 100ms/s.
Video 6. A transient left atrial posterior wall rotor in a 76 year old man undergoing coronary
artery bypass graft surgery and aortic valve replacement, with an AF duration of 3 years and a
left atrial area of 31cm2. Three clockwise rotations around the LAPW are followed by a
narrow wavefront passing across the mapping plaque. Video playback at 100ms/s.
Video 7. A color-encoded wavefront map demonstrating a transient LA posterior wall rotor.
There is an activation cycle length gradient, with longer local cycle lengths more peripherally
and an area of short cycle length at the core of the rotor. Video playback at 100ms/s.
Video 8. Another color-encoded wavefront map demonstrating a transient rotor on a left atrial
posterior wall. Again the shortest local cycle lengths are consistently located at the core of the
rotor. Video playback at 100ms/s.
Videos 9, 10. Two examples of rotor initiation by perpendicular cross-field stimulation. The
leading edge of a wavefront passes near-perpendicularly across the refractory tail of the
preceding wavefront, initiating wavefront curvature. Video playback at 100ms/s. A = video 9;
B = video 10.