SUMMARY
India have rich heritage of herbal drugs. Some of these are subjected to
systematic cultivation in the specific areas. In these areas many medicinal plants are
naturally occurring but are now in endangered and in future these plants would have
been extinct or no more in the area.
Medicinal Plants collected from the part of Nagnath ,Buttenath and Parli ghat
are cultivated in the vicinity of college campus.
After a year some medicinal plants are used to plant in the area of Nagnath
and Buttenath for increasing the population in this area.
After the complete growth of medicinal plants, harvesting has done for
standards drugs in this plant parts are dried in natural condition for removal of
moisture content of crude drug .This practice maintain the natural colour of the drug
and volatile principle present in it. Plant material selected for medicinal value
ground into fine powder with the help of grinder.
Nitrogen Estimation by Kjeldahl’s Method
Micro Kjeldahl’s method is suitable method for the estimaton
of total nitrogen content of medicinal plant material, food material, clinical samples
and agricultural products.
Kjeldahl’s method is based on the fact that when an organic compound
contain nitrogen was heated with conc.H2SO4 the nitrogen in it was converted into
ammonium sulphate. The resultant liquid is then treated with excess alkali and
liberated ammonia gas absorbed in the excess of standard acid. The nitrogen is
determined by finding the amount of acid neutralized by blank titration with
standard alkali.
Detail procedure of nitrogen estimation and calculation included in the
hard bound copy.
Leaves of Adhatoda vasica contain 5.83% of nitrogen, Syzygium cumini
4.2% of nitrogen,Vitex nigundo 1.86%, Tylophora indica 5.1% ,Gloriosa
superba contain 4.9%, Afumari 5.13%, Aloe vera 5.3% ,Tinospora condifolia
1.8% ,Anacyclus pyrethrum 4.5% ,Vitis quadrangularis stem contain 3.5%,
Solanum anguivi contain 3.7% of nitrogen .
Spectroscopic studies of medicinal plants
The spectrophotometer is useful for measuring the absorption
spectrum of a compound. The spectroscopic techniques are generally employed to
measure the energy difference between various molecular energy levels.
Procedure of spectroscopic studies of some medicinal plant mentioned in
the hard bound copy and results are plotted in the form of graph .
Leaf sample of Aloe vera having maximum absorption spectra 436nm
,absorption peak of Adhatoda vasica was measure at 660nm ,sample of Tylophora
indica was shown 363nm ,Tinospora condifolia sample having many peaks ranging
208 nm-379nm .This peak shows presence of various active compound in the
sample.
Sample of Anacyclus pyrethrum having absorption spectra which was
ranging from 319-359nm ,leaves of Syzygium cumini showed 786 nm spectra on UV
spectrophotometer, stem of Gymnema sylvestre shows bands of 361nm on UV
spectrophotometer.
In the stem sample of Solanum anguivi 336nm max was observed.Sample
of Vitex nigundo observed under UV spectrophotometer was obtained 364 nm max.
Study of some alkaloid and effect of medicinal plant
material on oraganism
Various alkaloid are reported from leaves,seed,roots,stem and bark of
medicinal plants.
Leaves of Aloe barbadenses contain barbodos, leaves of Adhatoda vasica
contain vasicine.Medicinal plant extract was use to feed to rat found healthy growth
of rat.So this extra contain carbohydrates ,alkaloid ,vitamin ,protein and growth
regulator.
The extract of Adhatoda vasica leave was used to measure activity against
Staphylococcus and E. coli observed that ,this plant material act as growth inhibitor
to bacteria. The anti-bacterial activity of Tinospora cardifolia extracts has been
assayed against E.coli, staphylococcus and Salmonella sp.
Uses of some medicinal plants are included in the hard bound copy.