Table S2 Description of mt genomes of different Plasmodium species used in phylogenetic analysis (with*) and Fig. 5.
S.
No
.
1
2
3
4
Plasmodium species
P. falciparum
(Gorilla MOEB)*
P. falciparum
(Monkey MO454)*
Plasmodium sp. (Gorilla
GTgor10)*
Plasmodium sp. (Gorilla
DSgor86)*
Host
Length
(bp)
Genbank Accession No
Gorilla
5860
JF923761
Monkey
5860
JF923762
Gorilla
5969
Gorilla
5969
HM235273+HM235206
Consensus used
HM235202+ HM235292
Consensus used
5
P. reichenowi*
Chimpanzee
5966
NC_002235
6
Plasmodium sp. (Chimpanzee
70)*
Chimpanzee
5843
KF040083
7
P. billcollinsi*
Chimpanzee
5950
GQ355479
8
P. billbrayi*
Chimpanzee
5945
GQ355468
9
P. gaboni*
Chimpanzee
5931
FJ895307
10
Plasmodium sp. (DRC-L)*
Bonobo
5858
GQ355475
11
P. fragile*
5977
AY722799
12
P. coatneyi*
5976
AB354575
13
P. knowlesi*
5957
NC_007232
14
P. fieldi*
5988
AB444132
15
P. simiovale*
5987
AB434920
16
P. hylobati*
5973
AB354573
Asian Old
World Monkey
Asian Old
World Monkey
Asian Old
World Monkey
Asian Old
World Monkey
Asian Old
World Monkey
Asian Old
Sampling
location
Genotype at the six SNPs
(276, 725, 2763, 3289, 3575, 3617)
Gabon
ATCATT
Gabon
ATCATT
Republic of the
Congo
Republic of the
Congo
Africa
ATCATT
Democratic
Republic of the
Congo
Republic of the
Congo
Republic of the
Congo
Gabon
GTCATT
ATCATT
GTCATT
ATCATT
ATCATT
GTCATT
Republic of the
Congo
Southeast Asia
ATTATA
Southeast Asia
ATTACA
Southeast Asia
ATCATA
Southeast Asia
ATTATA
Southeast Asia
ATTATA
Southeast Asia
ATTATA
References
Prugnolle et al, 2011. African monkeys are infected by Plasmodium falciparum
nonhuman primate-specific strains. PNAS
Prugnolle et al, 2011. African monkeys are infected by Plasmodium falciparum
nonhuman primate-specific strains. PNAS
Liu et al 2010. Origin of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum in
gorillas. Nature, 467, 420-425.
Liu et al 2010. Origin of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum in
gorillas. Nature, 467, 420-425.
Conway et al. 2000. Origin of Plasmodium falciparum malaria is traced by
mitochondrial DNA. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 111, 163-171
Pacheco et al. 2013.Malarial parasite diversity in chimpanzees: the value of
comparative approaches to ascertain the evolution of Plasmodium falciparum
antigens. Malar. J. 12, 328.
Krief et al. 2010. On the Diversity of Malaria Parasites in African Apes and the
Origin of Plasmodium falciparum from Bonobos. PLoS Pathog. 6, E1000765.
Krief et al. 2010. On the Diversity of Malaria Parasites in African Apes and the
Origin of Plasmodium falciparum from Bonobos. PLoS Pathog. 6, E1000765.
Durand et al. 2009. A new malaria agent in African hominids. PLoS Pathog. 5,
E1000446.
Krief et al. 2010. On the Diversity of Malaria Parasites in African Apes and the
Origin of Plasmodium falciparum from Bonobos. PLoS Pathog. 6, E1000765.
Jongwutiwes et al. 2005. Mitochondrial genome sequences support ancient
population expansion in Plasmodium vivax. Mol. Biol. Evol. 22, 1733-1739.
Hayakawa, et al. 2008. Big bang in the evolution of extant malaria parasites.
Mol. Biol. Evol. 25, 2233-2239.
Jongwutiwes et al. 2005. Mitochondrial genome sequences support ancient
population expansion in Plasmodium vivax. Mol. Biol. Evol. 22, 1733-1739.
Sawai et al. 2010. Lineage-specific positive selection at the merozoite surface
protein 1 (msp1) locus of Plasmodium vivax and related simian malaria
parasites. BMC Evol. Biol. 10, 52.
Hayakawa, et al. 2008. Big bang in the evolution of extant malaria parasites.
Mol. Biol. Evol. 25, 2233-2239.
Hayakawa, et al. 2008. Big bang in the evolution of extant malaria parasites.
17
P. inui*
18
P. cynomolgi*
19
P. vivax*
20
P. gonderi*
21
Plasmodium sp. (Mandrill)*
World Monkey
Asian Old
World Monkey
Asian Old
World Monkey
Human
African Old
World Monkey
African Old
World Monkey
5972
AB354572
5884
AY800108
5990
AY598140
5900
AY800111
5896
AY800112
22
P. malariae*
Human
5969
AB354570
23
P. ovale*
Human
5855
HQ712053
24
P. gallinaceum*
Bird
6003
NC_008288
25
P. juxtanucleare*
Bird
6014
NC_008279
26
P. falciparum
Human
5949
27
P. falciparum*
Human
5967
28
29
30
P. falciparum (SUR1)*
P. falciparum (SUR2)*
P. falciparum (SUR6)*
Human
Human
Human
5967
5967
5967
AY282924-AY282927,
AY282929,
AY282931-AY282982,
AY282984-AY283006,
AY283008-AY283019;
AJ276844-AJ276847
KJ569459- KJ569462,
KJ569464- KJ569478,
KJ569481- KJ569483,
KJ569485- KJ569487,
KJ569489-KJ569502
KJ569479
KJ569480
KJ569484
Southeast Asia
ATTATA
Southeast Asia
ATTATA
Tropical,
subtropical, and
temperate
regions
Central Africa
ATTATA
ATCATA
Central Africa
ATCATA
Tropical,
subtropical, and
temperate
regions
Tropical and
subtropical
regions
Tropical and
subtropical
regions
Tropical and
subtropical
regions
Africa, South
America, Asia
and Papua new
guinea
ATTATA
Mol. Biol. Evol. 25, 2233-2239.
Hayakawa, et al. 2008. Big bang in the evolution of extant malaria parasites.
Mol. Biol. Evol. 25, 2233-2239.
Mu et al. 2005. Host switch leads to emergence of Plasmodium vivax malaria in
humans. Mol. Biol. Evol. 22, 1686-1693.
Jongwutiwes et al. 2005. Mitochondrial genome sequences support ancient
population expansion in Plasmodium vivax. Mol. Biol. Evol. 22, 1733-1739.
Mu et al. 2005. Host switch leads to emergence of Plasmodium vivax malaria in
humans. Mol. Biol. Evol. 22, 1686-1693.
Mu et al. 2005. Host switch leads to emergence of Plasmodium vivax malaria in
humans. Mol. Biol. Evol. 22, 1686-1693.
Hayakawa, et al. 2008. Big bang in the evolution of extant malaria parasites.
Mol. Biol. Evol. 25, 2233-2239.
ATTATA
Pacheco et al. 2011. Timing the origin of human malarias: the lemur puzzle.
BMC Evol. Biol. 11, 299.
ATCATA
Omori et al. 2007. Complete nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial genomes
of two avian malaria protozoa, Plasmodium gallinaceum and Plasmodium
juxtanucleare. Parasitol. Res. 100, 661-664.
Omori et al. 2007. Complete nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial genomes
of two avian malaria protozoa, Plasmodium gallinaceum and Plasmodium
juxtanucleare. Parasitol. Res. 100, 661-664.
Conway et al. 2000. Origin of Plasmodium falciparum malaria is traced by
mitochondrial DNA. Mol. Biochem Parasitol. 111, 163-171.
Joy et al. 2003. Early origin and recent expansion of Plasmodium falciparum.
Science, 300, 318-321.
ATCATT
GCCGCA
India
GCCGCA
This study
India
India
India
ATTGCA
ATTGCA
ATTGCA
This study
This study
This study
31
32
33
34
35
31
P. falciparum (SUR10)*
P. falciparum (SON8)*
P. fragile (Pfragile1)
P. fragile (Pfragile2)
P. fragile (Pfragile3)
P. coatneyi (Pcoatneyi2)
Human
Human
5967
5967
Monkey
1663
partial
Monkey
1663
partial
Monkey
1663
partial
Monkey
1440
partial
KJ569488
KJ569463
KJ668850+ KJ668851+
KJ668852+ HG969418
Consensus used
KJ668853+ KJ668854+
KJ668855+ HG969419
Consensus used
KJ668856+ KJ668857+
KJ668858+ HG969420
Consensus used
KJ668847+ KJ668848+
KJ668849+ HG969417
Consensus used
India
India
India
ATTGCA
ATTGCA
ATTATA
This study
This study
This study
India
ATTATA
This study
India
ATTATA
This study
India
ATTACA
This study