‫בס"ד‬
Faculty of Social Sciences
Introduction to Communication: Theories and models
63-001-18
Lecturer name: Dr. Shani Horowitz-Rozen
Course: Introductory course Year: 1st year
School year: 2015-16 Semester: 1+2 Credits: 3 annual credits (lecture & section)
Office Hours: Tuesday, 13:00-14:00
Office: Building 109, room 2
Office phone: 03-7384303
Email: shanihz@gmail.com
A. Course objectives and purposes:
This course will introduce the students to the central theories and models in current communication
research. The course will emphasize theoretical aspects and will extend the discussion to relevant
updated case studies and events. The course seeks to deepen the students' understanding of the
media, including their technological and social functions, their characteristics, and their effects.
B. Course Topics: 6 Major Parts
1. What is communication? Definitions, theories and models
2. Media and Society: Historical, social, economic and technological aspects
3. New media: changes and challenges.
4. The media as an institution: Society and the government
5. Mass society and mass communication: Theories of media effects
6. Persuasive communication: Advertising and public relations
C. Course Pedagogical Tools
The class lectures and exercise sections will include slide presentations, video clips, as well as
discussions based on thought-provoking questions and homework readings.
D. Course Requirements and Final Grading*
1. Active class participation: 10%.
2. Mandatory attendance.
3. Doing the readings for each class.
4. Paper – (2-3 pages): 10%. The paper will include critical analysis of an academic article and the
students’ own original contemporary examples following the article (which could support or refute
the article's arguments and conclusions). The paper is due January 2016 (specific date TBA).
5. Paper – (10-12 pages). The paper will include analysis of an updated case study based on several
theories learned in class. 25%. The paper is due in April, after Passover vacation (specific date
TBA).
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6. Final, end-of-course exam -- including lecture material, section discussions and bibliography:
55%.
*Active class participation requires ongoing participation in class discussions, expressing original
arguments and critical analysis of the theories and their application on case studies discussed.
* No more than 6 discrete session absences are permitted for the entire course (3 in each semester).
* Students must receive a minimum grade of 60 in each requirement to pass the course.
* Papers must be submitted on time as requested, in hard and digital copies. Any delay will cause
reduction of points, as follows: Up to one day – 5 points. Up to one week – 15 points. Papers will
not be accepted after a delay of more than one week.
E. Course Program
Lecture topics and readings
The readings with an asterisk* are optional
What is communication? Definitions, theories and models
Lecture 1: What is Communication?
Fiske. J. (2011). Introduction to Communication Studies (3rd ed.). NY: Routledge. (pp. 1-4)
Reserved under FIS (9843632)
McQuail, D. (2010). McQuail’s mass communication theory (6th ed.). London: Sage Publications.
(pp. 1-5).
Reserved under MAC-QUA m6 (9839336)
Lecture 2: Between interpersonal and mass media: How do we communicate?
Knapp, L.M. & Hall, J.A. (2009). Nonverbal communication in human interaction, 7th ed. Boston,
MA: Wadsworth Publishing. (Chapters 1 & 12 pp. 3-24, 409-439).
302.222 KNA n (248339) – 1st edition, 1972
302.222 KNA n2 (994296) – 2nd edition, 1978 – Education library
Druckman, J.N. (2003). The power of television images: The first Kennedy – Nixon debate
revisited. The journal of politics, 65, 2, 559-571.
Ejournal (118968)
Lectures 3-4: Models of Communication
McQuail, D. (2010). McQuail’s mass communication theory (6th ed.). London: Sage Publications.
(ch. 3, pp. 51-78).
Reserved under MAC-QUA m6 (9839336)
Turow, J. (2011). Media today: An introduction to mass communication (4th ed.). NY: Routledge.
(pp. 7-17).
Reserved under TUR (2368529)
Bryant, J. & Thompson, S. (2002). Fundamentals of media effects, Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill.
(Chapter 1 pp 3-20).
Reserved under BRY f2 (2361405)
Sparks, G.G. (2006). Media effects research: A basic overview, 2nd ed. Australia: Thomson
Wadsworth. (chapter 1, pp.1-19).
Reserved under SPA m4 (2361407) – 4th edition, 2013
2
Carey, J. W. (1988). A cultural approach to communications, in Carey, J., Communication as culture
London: Routledge. (Chapter 1, pp. 13-36).
Reserved: under CAR (329222)
& offprint (289902)
Fiske. J. (2011). Introduction to Communication Studies (3rd ed.). NY: Routledge. (pp. 5-21)
Reserved under FIS (2368489)
Laughey, D. (2007). Key themes in media theory. NY: Open University Press. (pp. 8-12).
Reserved under LAV (2390718)
Media and society: Historical, social, economic and technological aspects
Lectures 5-6: Historical, Social, Economic and Technological aspects
Laughey, D. (2007). Key themes in media theory. NY: Open University Press. (pp. 33-38).
Reserved under LAV (2390718)
McQuail, D. (2010). McQuail’s mass communication theory (6th ed.). London: Sage Publications.
(pp. 100-108).
Reserved under MAC-QUA m6 (9839336)
Carey, J.W. (1967). Harold Adams Innis and Marshal McLuhan, Antioch Review, 27, (pp. 5-39).
Ejournal (436918)
McLuhan, M. (1964). Understanding media: The extension of man, NY: McGraw-Hill. (Chapters 1
& 2 pp 3-40).
Reserved under MAC-LUH (185000)
Sparks, G.G. (2006). Media effects research: A basic overview, 2nd ed. Australia: Thomson
Wadsworth. (Chapter 12 pp 280-300).
Reserved under SPA m4 (2361407) – 4th edition, 2013
(*) Carey, J. W. (1992). Technology and ideology. Communication as culture, London: Routledge,
(Chapter 8 pp. 155-178).
Reserved under CAR (329222)
New media: Changes and challenges
Lecture 7: Internet: Social and technological aspects
McQuail, D. (2010). McQuail’s mass communication theory (6th ed.). London: Sage Publications.
(pp. 151-159 – political participation, new media & democracy).
Reserved under MAC-QUA m6 (9839336)
Mayer, J.D. and Cornfield, M. (2003). The New Media, in Rozell, J. M. (Ed.) Media power, media
politics New York: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers., (pp. 297-318).
320.014 MED 2008 (1157489) – 2nd edition, 2008
Neuman, W.R., Bimber, B. and Hindman, M. (2011). The Internet and Four Dimensions of
Citizenship, in: Shapiro, R.Y. and Jacobs, L. (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of American Public
Opinion and The Media (pp. 22-42). New York: The Oxford University Press Inc.
Reserved under OXF 2011 (1215396)
3
Lecture 8: Cultural Imperialism
McQuail, D. (2010). McQuail’s mass communication theory (6th ed.). London: Sage Publications.
(pp. 256-259, 264-267).
Reserved under MAC-QUA m6 (9839336)
Steel, J. (2012). Journalism and free speech. NY: Routledge. (Ch. 4, pp. 58-74).
323.445 STE j (2368525)
Seongcheol, K. (1998). Cultural Imperialism on the Internet,
The Edge: The E-Journal of Intercultural Relations, 1(4). http://www.hart-il.com/biz/theedge
(*) Tomlinson, J. (2002). Four Ways to Talk about Cultural Imperialism, in McQuail, D. (ed.)
McQuail’s Reader in mass communication theory (pp. 223-226). London: Sage.
Reserved under MCQ (1104710)
The Media as institution: Society and the government
Lectures 9-10: Media-Government relationships
Dennis, E. and J. Merrill (2006). Media-Government Relationship, in Dennis, E.& Merrill, J.,
Media Debates,4th ed. (pp. 20-33). New York: Longman.
302.230973 DEN m4 (1157487)
McQuail, D. (2010). McQuail’s mass communication theory (6th ed.). London: Sage Publications.
(pp. 161-188 – normative theory of media & society).
Reserved under MAC-QUA m6 (9839336)
Turow, J. (2011). Media today: An introduction to mass communication (4th ed.). NY: Routledge.
(pp. 70-75 – regulation by governments; *pp. 76-111 – US regulation of the media).
Reserved under TUR (2368529)
Nerone, J. (2011). Social Responsibility Theory, in: R.Y. Shapiro & L.R. Jacobs (Eds.). The Oxford
handbook American public opinion and the media. (pp. 183-193). NY: Oxford University Press.
Reserved under OXF 2011 (1215396)
Howard, R., Grazer, B., Fellner, E. & Bevan, T.(Producers) & Howard, R. (Director). (2008).
Frost/Nixon [motion picture]. USA: Universal pictures & Imagine entertainment.
Lecture 11: The Journalistic profession
McQuail, D. (2010). McQuail’s mass communication theory (6th ed.). London: Sage Publications.
(pp. 172-173, 283-290).
Reserved under MAC-QUA m6 (9839336)
Bennett, L. W., & Serrin, W. (2007). The Watchdog Role of the Press, in Graber, D. A. (ed.), Media
Power in Politics (pp.326-336). Washington, D.C: CQ Press.
Reserved under MED 2007 (1138407)
Janowitz, M. (1988). The Journalistic profession and the mass media, in: Selection of articles in
communication (pp. 74-86), Jerusalem: Hebrew University.
in: Culture and its creators : essays in honor of Edward Shils / edited by Joseph Ben-David and
Terry Nichols Clark
301 CUL 1977 (935593)
+ offprint (936684)
4
(*) Dennis, E. E. & Merrill J.C. (2006). Media debates: Great issues for the digital age. (chapter
17). Belmont, CA: Wadsworh Publishing.
302.230973 DEN m4 (1157487)
Clooney, G,, Wagner, T. & Heslov, G. (producers) & Clooney, G. (director). (2005). Good night and
good luck [motion picture]. USA: Warner Independent Pictures (WIP),
Lecture 12: Elite vs. Popular press
Lehman – Wilzig, S. & Seletzky, M. (2010). Hard news, soft news. 'general' news: The necessity
and utility of an intermediate classification. Journalism, 11, 1, 97-56.
Ejournal (1106357)
(*) Baum, M. A. and Jamison, A. (2011). Soft News and the four Oprah effects, in R. Y. Shapiro,
and L. R. Jacobs (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of American Public Opinion and The Media (pp.
121-137). New York: Oxford University Press Inc.
Reserved under OXF 2011 (1215396)
(*) Gans, H. J. (2010). News & the news media in the digital age: Implications for democracy,
Daedalus, 39(2), 8-17.
Ejournal (142501)
Lecture 13: News: definitions, components & routines
Just, M.R. (2011). What's News: A View from The Twenty-first Century, in R. Y. Shapiro and L. R.
Jacobs (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of American Public Opinion and the Media (pp.105-120). New
York: Oxford University Press Inc.
Reserved under OXF 2011 (1215396)
Galtung, Y., & Ruge, M.H. (1965). The structure of foreign news: The presentation of the Congo,
Cuba and Cyprus crises in four Norwegian newspapers, Journal of peace research, 2, 64-90.
Journal + Ejournal (118866)
(*) Tuchman, G. (1973). Making news by doing work: Routinizing the unexpected, The American
journal of dociology, 79(1), 110-131.
Journal + Ejournal (119259)
Lecture 14: Media events
Katz, E. and Dayan, D. (1985). Media events: On the experience of 'not being there', Religion, 15,
305-324.
Ejournal (132973)
Katz, E. and Liebes, T. (2007). No more peace! How disaster, terror and war have upstaged media
events, International Journal of Communication, 1, 157-166.
Ejournal (2385233)
Sun,W. (2014). Media events: Past, present and future. Sociology compass, 815, 457-467.
Ejournal (2359321)
Mass society and mass communication: Theories of media effects
Lecture 15: Theories of powerful media effects
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Sparks, G.G. (2013). Media effects research: A basic overview, 4th ed. (chapter 3, pp. 51-58, 66-69).
Boston: Wadsworth.
Reserved under SPA m4 (2361407) – 4th edition, 2013
McQuail, D. (2010). McQuail’s mass communication theory (6th ed.). London: Sage Publications.
(pp. 454-475).
Reserved under MAC-QUA m6 (9839336)
Turow, J. (2011). Media today: An introduction to mass communication (4th ed.). NY: Routledge.
(pp. 120-129).
Reserved under TUR (2368529)
Lectures 16-18: Theories of limited media effects: uses and gratifications theory; the two step
flow of communication; the structural-functional approach
Bryant, J. & Thompson, S. (2002). Fundamentals of media effects (Chapter 8). Boston, MA:
McGraw-Hill.
Reserved under BRY f2 (2361405) – 2nd edition, 2013
McQuail, D. (2010). McQuail’s mass communication theory (6th ed.). London: Sage Publications.
(pp. 95-100, 115-117 – structural – functional & neo Marxist; 423-427 - uses & gratifications).
Reserved under MAC-QUA m6 (9839336)
Laughey, D. (2007). Key themes in media theory. NY: Open University Press. (pp. 16-19).
Reserved under LAV (2390718)
Lazarsfeld, P.F., & Merton, R.K. (1948). Mass communication, popular taste and organization social
action, in: Bryson, L. (Ed.), The communication of ideas (pp. 95-118). NY: Harper & Row.
Offprint (1115656)
Turow, J. (2011). Media today: An introduction to mass communication (4th ed.). NY: Routledge.
(pp. 129-132).
Reserved under TUR (2368529)
Wright, C.R. (1960). Functional analysis and mass communication, Public opinion quarterly, 24,
605-620.
Ejournal (132267)
Katz, E. (1957). The two step flow of communication: An up-to-date report on a hypothesis, Public
Opinion Quarterly, 21, 61-78.
Ejournal (132267)
Rubin, A.M. (2002). The uses and gratifications of media effects. In: J. Bryant & D. Zillman (Eds.).
Media effects: Advances in theory and research (pp. 525-548). Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence
Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
Reserved under MED 2002 (1115845)
Lectures 19-22: Moderate to powerful media effects: Agenda setting; framing; priming; the
spiral of silence; Neo-Marxist approaches; the third person effect
Turow, J. (2011). Media today: An introduction to mass communication (4th ed.). NY: Routledge.
(pp. 132-142).
Reserved under TUR (2368529)
6
McQuail, D. (2010). McQuail’s mass communication theory (6th ed.). London: Sage Publications.
(spiral of silence – 519-520; cultivation – 494-497; third person – 520; agenda setting – 512-514;
priming – 514; framing- 511-512).
Reserved under MAC-QUA m6 (9839336)
McCombs, M.E., & Shaw, D.L. (1972). The agenda setting function of the mass media, Public
Opinion Quarterly, 36, 176-187.
Ejournal (132267)
Vu, H.T., Guo, L. & McCombs, M.E. (2014). Exploring the “world outside the pictures in our
heads”: A network agenda-setting study. Journalism & mass communication quarterly, 91, 686-669.
Entman, R. (1993). Framing: Toward clarification of a fractured paradigm, Journal of
communication, 43, 51-58.
Ejournal (155002)
Scheufele, D. A. (1999). Framing as a theory of media effects, Journal of communication, 49(1),
103-122.
Ejournal (155002)
Bora, P. (2011). Conceptual issues in framing theory: A systematic examination of a decade's
literature, Journal of communication. 61, 246-263.
Ejournal (155002)
Noelle-Neumann, E. (1974). The spiral of silence: A theory of public opinion, Journal of
communication, 24(2), 41-51.
Ejournal (155002)
Vliegenthart, R. (2012). Framing in mass communication research – An overview and assessment.
Sociology compass, 6, 12, 937-948.
Ejournal (2359321)
Gitlin, T. (1979). Prime-time ideology: The hegemonic process in television entertainment, Social
problems, 26, 251-266.
Journal
Shen, L., Palmer, J., Min-Mercer-Kollar, L., & S. Comer, (2015). A social comparison explanation
for the third-person perception, Communication research, 42, 260-280.
Ejournal (262228)
(*) Adorno, T., & Horkheiner, M. (2013). The culture industry: Enlightenment as mass
communication as mass deception. In: L. Ouellette (Ed.). The media studies reader (pp. 13-30). NY:
Routledge.
302.23 MED 2013 (2368515)
(*) Benjamin, W. (1936). The work of art in the age of mechanical reproduction, Retrieved from the
internet on May. 26, 2014:
http://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/philosophy/works/ge/benjamin.htm
(*) Nelson, Thomas E. (2011). Issue Framing, in Shapiro, R.Y. and Jacobs, L. R. (eds.). The Oxford
handbook of American public opinion and the media (pp. 189-203). New York: Oxford University
Press Inc.
Reserved under OXF 2011 (1215396)
7
(*) Wolfe, M., Jones, D. B. & F. M. Baumgartner, (2013). "A failure to communicate: Agenda
setting in media and policy studies". Political communication, 30, 2: 175-192.
N/A
(*) Entman, R. M. (2012). Scandal and silence: Media responses to presidential misconduct.
Cambridge: Policy Press, 1-47 (chapters 1, 2).
N/A
(*) Glazier, R. A. & Boydstun, A. E. (2012). "The president, the press, and the war: A Tale of two
framing agendas", Political communication, 29, 4, 428-446.
Ejournal (131624)
Lecture 23: Reality construction: Social learning and Cultivation theory
Bryant, J. & Thompson, S. (2002). Fundamentals of media effects (Chapter 6, pp 108-120). Boston,
MA: McGraw-Hill.
Reserved under BRY f2 (2361405) – 2nd edition, 2013
Bandura, A. (2002). Social cognitive theory of mass communication. In: J. Bryant & D. Zillman
(Eds.). Media effects: Advances in theory and research (pp.121-154). Mahwah, New Jersey:
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers
Reserved under MED 2002 (1115845)
Vidmar, N. & Rokeach, M. (1974). Archie Bunker’s bigotry, Journal of communication, 24, 36-74.
Ejournal (155002)
Gerbner, G. (1989). Cultivation analysis: An overview, Mass communication & society, 1, 175-194.
Ejournal (2404450)
Gerbner, G. and Gross, L. (1976). Living with television: The violence profile, Journal of
communication, 20(2), 172-199.
Ejournal (155002)
Lecture 24: Moderate media effects: cultural – critical approaches
McQuail, D. (2010). McQuail’s mass communication theory (6th ed.). London: Sage Publications.
(pp. 115-120; 345-350; 385-387).
Reserved under MAC-QUA m6 (9839336)
Turow, J. (2011). Media today: An introduction to mass communication (4th ed.). NY: Routledge.
(pp. 143-153).
Reserved under TUR (2368529)
Fiske. J. (2011). Television culture (2nd ed.). NY: Routledge. (pp. 1-20)
791.4575 FIS t2 (2368490)
Fiske, J. (1986). Television: Polysemy and popularity. Critical studies in mass communication, 3,
391-408.
N/A
Liebes, T. (1988). Cultural differences in the retelling of television fiction, Critical studies in mass
communication, 5, 277-292.
N/A
8
Radway, J. (1984). Interpretive communities and variable literacies: The functions of romance
reading, Daedalus,113, 49-73.
Ejournal (142501)
Persuasive communication: Advertising and public relations
Lecture 25: Advertising: categories, effects and cultural aspects
Schudson, M. (1984). Advertising as capitalist realism, Advertising: The uneasy persuasion (pp.
209-233). New-York: Basic Books.
Reserved: under SCHU (24238)
& offprint (353405)
*Jamieson, K. H. and Campbell, K. K. (1997). Persuasion through Advertising, The Interplay of
Influence: News advertising, politics and the mass media (pp. 215-245). Belmont, CA: Thomson
Wadsworth.
302.23 JAM i5 (546155) – 5th edition, 2001
Newsom, D., VanSlyke, J, D. Kruckenberg & Turk, J. (2006). This is PR: The realities of public
relations (9th ed.), (pp. 1-32). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth .
Reserved: under NEW (1092854) – 8th edition, 2004
Lecture 26: Summary and review for final exam
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